[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-330078-105":59,"doc-detail-330078-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","polydopamine-assisted-aptamer-carrying-tetrahedral-dna-microelectrode-sensor-for-ultrasensitive-electrochemical-detection-of-exosomes","Polydopamine-assisted aptamer-carrying tetrahedral DNA microelectrode sensor for ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of exosomes","","Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles (30–160 nm) originating from endosomes and released by most cell types, acting as messengers for intercellular communication. Cancer-derived exosomes contain abundant tumor-derived biomacromolecules, making them valuable biomarkers for non-invasive early cancer diagnosis, but their trace-level quantification remains challenging. A PDA-coated, aptamer-carrying tetrahedral DNA (Apt-TDNA) microelectrode sensor enables ultrasensitive electrochemical detection and amplification of electrochemical signals.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/polydopamine-assisted-aptamer-carrying-tetrahedral-dna-microelectrode-sensor-for-ultrasensitive-electrochemical-detection-of-exosomes/330078/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/polydopamine-assisted-aptamer-carrying-tetrahedral-dna-microelectrode-sensor-for-ultrasensitive-electrochemical-detection-of-exosomes/330078.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Himbo","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-27","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What problem does the sensor address in exosome detection?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It targets the difficult trace-level quantification of cancer-derived exosomes for non-invasive early cancer diagnosis, where ultrasensitive detection is still challenging.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the Apt-TDNA sensor capture exosomes?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Its stable rigid tetrahedral DNA structure and orientation support efficient capture of suspended exosomes via the carried aptamers.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What effect does the polydopamine (PDA) coating have on detection performance?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"PDA provides a signal amplification strategy, improving electrochemical sensitivity to single-particle level detection compared with the sensor without PDA.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},330078,1790801476,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},687197100911,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/a000239b6f1da00475?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1785132997149421697","Jiang et al. Journal of Nanobiotechnology (2024) 22:55  \n[https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-024-02318-6](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12951-024-02318-6)  \nJournal of Nanobiotechnology  \n RESEARCH Open Access  \nPolydopamine-assisted aptamer-carrying   tetrahedral DNA microelectrode sensor for ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of exosomes  \nBowen Jiang3, Tenghua Zhang3, Silan Liu3, Yan Sheng2,3* and Jiaming Hu 1,3*  \nAbstract  \nBackground Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles (30–160 nm) with endosome origin secreted by almost all types of cells, which are considered to be messengers of intercellular communication. Cancerous exosomes serve as a rich source of biomarkers for monitoring changes in cancer-related physiological status, because they carry a large number of biological macromolecules derived from parental tumors. The ultrasensitive quantification of trace amounts of cancerous exosomes is highly valuable for non-invasive early cancer diagnosis, yet it remains challenging. Herein, we developed an aptamer-carrying tetrahedral DNA (Apt-TDNA) microelectrode sensor, assisted by a polydopamine (PDA) coating with semiconducting properties, for the ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of cancerderived exosomes.  \nResults The stable rigid structure and orientation of Apt-TDNA ensured efficient capture of suspended exosomes. Without PDA coating signal amplification strategy, the sensor has a linear working range of 102–107 particles mL−1, with LOD of ~ 69 exosomes and ~ 42 exosomes for EIS and DPV, respectively. With PDA coating, the electrochemical signal of the microelectrode is further amplified, achieving single particle level sensitivity (~ 14 exosomes by EISand ~ 6 exosomes by DPV) .  \nConclusions The proposed PDA-assisted Apt-TDNA microelectrode sensor, which integrates efficient exosome capture, sensitive electrochemical signal feedback with PDA coating signal amplification, provides a new avenue for the development of simple and sensitive electrochemical sensing techniques in non-invasive cancer diagnosis and monitoring treatment response.  \nKeywords Exosomes, Aptamer, Polydopamine, Tetrahedra DNA, Microelectrode, Electrochemical sensing  \n*Correspondence: Yan Sheng [ysheng@shu.edu.cn](ysheng@shu.edu.cn)[ ](ysheng@shu.edu.cn)Jiaming Hu [jmhu@shu.edu.cn](jmhu@shu.edu.cn)  \nFull list of author information is available at the end of the article  \n© The Author(s) 2024, Corrected publication 2024. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver)[. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver)[ ](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver)([http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/](http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/)) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.  \nJiang et al. Journal of Nanobiotechnology (2024) 22:55  \nIntroduction  \nExosomes, nanoscale endocrine vesicles (30–160 nm), ar","cbCaikGnt8cr5ykd","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikGnt8cr5ykd","pdf",6584586,14,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Introduction\n## Exosomes as biomarkers\n## Challenges in direct detection\n## Existing detection methods\n## Rationale for electrochemical sensing\n# Sensor design overview","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the sensor address in exosome detection?\",\"answer\":\"It targets the difficult trace-level quantification of cancer-derived exosomes for non-invasive early cancer diagnosis, where ultrasensitive detection is still challenging.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the Apt-TDNA sensor capture exosomes?\",\"answer\":\"Its stable rigid tetrahedral DNA structure and orientation support efficient capture of suspended exosomes via the carried aptamers.\"},{\"question\":\"What effect does the polydopamine (PDA) coating have on detection performance?\",\"answer\":\"PDA provides a signal amplification strategy, improving electrochemical sensitivity to single-particle level detection compared with the sensor without PDA.\"}]","Polydopamine-assisted aptamer-carrying tetrahedral DNA microelectrode sensor for ultrasensitive electrochemical detection of exosomes | PDF",1789986981,35]