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Health Management Center, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China.  \n2. Basic Medical College, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shenyang 110847, China.  \n3. Medical Insurance Office, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, China.  \n4. Department of General Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, China.  \n5. Department of Anorectal, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China.  \n6. Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China.  \n\\#These authors contributed equally to this work.  \n􀀍 Corresponding authors: Xudong Zhu, Department of General Surgery, Cancer Hospital of Dalian University of Technology, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning 110042, China. E-mail: [xdzhu@cmu.edu.cn.](xdzhu@cmu.edu.cn. Bianfang Yu)[ Bianfang Yu](xdzhu@cmu.edu.cn. Bianfang Yu), Department of Anorectal, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, China. E-mail: [ybf56789@163.com.](ybf56789@163.com. Wenxiao)[ Wenxiao](ybf56789@163.com. Wenxiao) Gao, Department of Obstetrics, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250011, [China. E-mail: 362898012@qq.com](China. E-mail: 362898012@qq.com).© The author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License ([https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)). See [https://ivyspring.com/terms](https://ivyspring.com/terms) for full terms and conditions.  \nReceived: 2025.06.20; Accepted: 2025.10.27; Published: 2026.01.01  \nAbstract  \nPolycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder affecting approximately 10% of middle-aged women worldwide. The main clinical features of PCOS include hirsutism, anovulation, irregular menstruation, and polycystic ovaries. However, the exact etiology and underlying mechanisms of PCOS remain incompletely understood. Increasing evidence suggests that a variety offactors—including environmental toxins, chronic low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, and dysregulated insulin secretion—are involved in the onset and progression of PCOS. Additionally, abnormalities in neurotransmitter metabolism play a significant role in the pathophysiology of PCOS, particularly in relation to weight gain, hyperandrogenemia, and mood disorders. Patients with PCOS often exhibit neuroendocrine system dysfunction, characterized by altered levels of neurotransmitters such as serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine. These changes are closely associated with clinical symptoms such as anxiety, depression, obesity, and metabolic disturbances. Current treatment strategies for PCOS primarily focus on lifestyle modifications and pharmacological interventions. These include dietary changes, nutritional supplementation, physical activity, and ovulation induction, all aimed at alleviating symptoms and improving quality of life. Notably, interventions targeting neurotransmitter metabolism are emerging as a novel area of research. The use of antidepressants, anxiolytics, and insulin-sensitizing agents has shown potential in alleviating symptoms and regulating neuroendocrine function. Furthermore, PCOS is signi","cbCais7gXSXJfvl4","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCais7gXSXJfvl4","pdf",2155885,12,"English","# Abstract\n# Background\n## Diagnosis\n## Pathogenesis","[{\"question\":\"What treatment directions are discussed for PCOS?\",\"answer\":\"The article emphasizes lifestyle modifications and pharmacological interventions such as diet changes, nutritional supplementation, physical activity, and ovulation induction. It also notes emerging research targeting neurotransmitter metabolism, including antidepressants, anxiolytics, and insulin-sensitizing agents.\"}]","Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Revisited: Novel Insights and Updates | PDF",1790572229]