[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-detail-603255-en":59,"doc-seo-603255-105":80},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":60},{"doc_id":61,"user_id":62,"nickname":63,"user_avatar":64,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":66,"doc_content":67,"file_id":68,"file_url":69,"file_type":70,"file_size":71,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":72,"language_code":73,"site_id":74,"html_lang":73,"table_of_contents":75,"faqs":76,"seo_title":77,"seo_description":66,"update_tm":78,"read_time":79},603255,962090895452,"moss~","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Politics, School Improvement, and Social Justice - A Triadic Model of Teacher Leadership","Politics, School Improvement, and Social Justice - A Triadic Model of Teacher Leadership presents a comparative framework for identifying, analyzing, and practicing leadership acts. The triadic model distinguishes transactional, transformational, and critical leadership domains, arguing that teachers—often overlooked in school management—are central to successful reform. Empirical study data and contemporary leadership literature explain how decision-making processes enable teachers to act as leaders, not merely subordinates, and clarify the concept of leadership for educators.","Politics, School Improvement, and Social Justice: ATriadic Model of Teacher Leadership  \nby P. Taylor Webb, Maureen Neumann, and Laura C. Jones  \nAbstract  \nThis article describes a comparative framework for identifying, analyzing, and practicing acts of leadership. The triadic framework identifies transactional, transformational, and critical domains of leadership, and argues that teachers, heretofore ignored or neglected in discussions of school management, are pivotal leaders in school reform efforts. Empirical data from the authors’current studies are used to illustrate how teachers engage in acts of leadership, and contemporary literatures on leadership are used to extend these descriptions. This discussion intends tobe educative; that is, this article intends to better define the elusive concept of leadership, better understand the dynamic processes involved in decision-making, and better describe who leaders are.  \nWhat is leadership and who are leaders? Are teachers leaders or simply subordinates in the educational hierarchy? If possible, what might teacher leadership look like and what purposes would it serve in school reform efforts in a pluralistic society?  \nWithin current school reform and accountability environments, schools exist in very complex political arenas. The push to improve student learning is too large a problem for any single leader to handle alone. In the past, teachers have been expected “to be led” rather than “to lead” school renewal projects (Sirotnik 1989) . Schools in the new millennium, however, require teachers to assume an integral role in school reform. Infact, without teachers’ participation in formulating and implementing change, most reform efforts have failed (Fullan and Steigelbauer 1991) . Teachers need to see themselves as leaders or having the potential and responsibility for leadership. Teachers provide a powerful and insightful voice regarding decisions about school change because teachers have knowledge of local school conditions—knowledge that policy makers and  \n254  \nEssays  \ncurriculum developers rarely have—to facilitate successful reform attempts (Hargreaves 1996) .  \nTeachers have capacity and power to participate in change efforts that traditionally either have been tacitly assumed by them or deliberately defined by others. The Carnegie Report on Education, A Nation Prepared (1986), called for teachers to take more leadership roles in schools. The report argued that for reforms in education to have a significant impact, improvements needed to be rooted in the classroom with teachers. Unfortunately, teachers have not been trusted to participate in school reform activities (Darling-Hammond 1997) or have become targets of policies designed to usurp their classroom power (Corbett 1991). This article develops the idea that a teacher’s power is essential both within and beyond the walls of the classroom. This discussion describes a theoretical model of leadership to transcend traditional boundaries of professional identity and replace traditional attempts at school renewal (Burns 1978; Portin 1999; Smyth 1989; Witherspoon 1997) .  \nThe Complexity of Teacher Leaders  \nPortin (1999) initially developed a triadic model of leadership to organize the vast literature on the study of leadership. This conceptualization of leadership is shown in Figure 1.  \nFigure 1: Triadic Model of Leadership  \nAdopted from Portin, B. 1999. Manifestations of critical leadership in tides of reform: Contradiction or opportunity? Paper presented at the annual meeting of the University Council for Educational Administration, 29–31 October, Minneapolis, Minn.  \nThe Educational Forum • Volume 68 • Spring 2004 • 255  \nWebb, Neumann, and Jones  \nMore importantly, Portin’s (1999, 4) triadic model was intended to “push our thinking toward complex understanding of leadership beyond a simple exercise of positional authority.” The model examined alternatives to traditional allocations of power through positional h","cbCaikbVeY4b6pn0","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaikbVeY4b6pn0","pdf",172298,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n# What is leadership and who are leaders?\n# The complexity of teacher leaders\n## Figure 1: Triadic model of leadership\n# Transactional leadership","[{\"question\":\"What is the triadic framework used in this article?\",\"answer\":\"It is a comparative framework that identifies, analyzes, and practices leadership acts across three domains: transactional, transformational, and critical leadership.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the article argue teachers are pivotal leaders in school reform?\",\"answer\":\"It argues teachers have knowledge of local school conditions and are essential for formulating and implementing change; without their participation, most reforms fail.\"},{\"question\":\"What does transactional leadership emphasize according to the article?\",\"answer\":\"Transactional leadership is described as leader-centered social action focused on rational decision-making and organizational efficiency, often involving exchanges between leaders and followers to advance a vision.\"}]","Politics, School Improvement, and Social Justice - A Triadic Model of Teacher Leadership | PDF",1792095976,23,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"ok",{"site_id":74,"language":73,"slug":83,"title":65,"keywords":84,"description":66,"schema_data":85,"social_meta":139,"head_meta":141,"extra_data":143,"updated_unix":144},"politics-school-improvement-and-social-justice-a-triadic-model-of-teacher-leadership","",{"@graph":86,"@context":138},[87,101,121],{"@type":88,"itemListElement":89},"BreadcrumbList",[90,94,96,99],{"item":91,"name":92,"@type":93,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":95,"name":9,"@type":93,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":97,"name":40,"@type":93,"position":98},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":100,"name":65,"@type":93,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/politics-school-improvement-and-social-justice-a-triadic-model-of-teacher-leadership/603255/",{"url":100,"name":65,"@type":102,"image":103,"author":108,"headline":65,"publisher":110,"fileFormat":113,"inLanguage":73,"description":66,"dateModified":114,"datePublished":115,"encodingFormat":113,"isAccessibleForFree":116,"interactionStatistic":117},"DigitalDocument",{"url":104,"@type":105,"width":106,"height":107},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/politics-school-improvement-and-social-justice-a-triadic-model-of-teacher-leadership/603255.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":63,"@type":109},"Person",{"url":91,"name":111,"@type":112},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-16","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":118,"interactionType":119,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":120},"ViewAction",{"@type":122,"mainEntity":123},"FAQPage",[124,130,134],{"name":125,"@type":126,"acceptedAnswer":127},"What is the triadic framework used in this article?","Question",{"text":128,"@type":129},"It is a comparative framework that identifies, analyzes, and practices leadership acts across three domains: transactional, transformational, and critical leadership.","Answer",{"name":131,"@type":126,"acceptedAnswer":132},"Why does the article argue teachers are pivotal leaders in school reform?",{"text":133,"@type":129},"It argues teachers have knowledge of local school conditions and are essential for formulating and implementing change; without their participation, most reforms fail.",{"name":135,"@type":126,"acceptedAnswer":136},"What does transactional leadership emphasize according to the article?",{"text":137,"@type":129},"Transactional leadership is described as leader-centered social action focused on rational decision-making and organizational efficiency, often involving exchanges between leaders and followers to advance a vision.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":100,"og:type":140,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":111,"og:description":66},"article",{"robots":142,"canonical":100},"index,follow",{"doc_id":61,"site_id":74},1792113107]