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Unhoused youth face amplified inequities, with stigma, insufficient funding, unclear eligibility, and fragmented coordination limiting access to housing and services. The report analyzes California policy efficacy through literature review, an environmental scan, 16 stakeholder interviews, and a case study of the Oakland Unified School District.",{"@graph":69,"@context":126},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/plus-fellows-policy-brief-2021-k-12-student-homelessness-analysis-of-policy-responses-to-student-homelessness-in-ca/582821/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/plus-fellows-policy-brief-2021-k-12-student-homelessness-analysis-of-policy-responses-to-student-homelessness-in-ca/582821.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Rhys","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118,122],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What problem does the policy brief focus on?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The brief examines increasing homelessness among California’s K-12 students and how current systems fail to provide effective housing and supports.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the research conducted?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Researchers reviewed existing literature, scanned local organizational responses, conducted 16 semi-structured stakeholder interviews, and completed a case study in the Oakland Unified School District.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What are the main drivers identified in the findings?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Key drivers include insufficient and low-quality data, a weak EHCY response system, youth inability to access HUD-funded care, a lack of youth-specific services, and insufficient federal and absent state funding.",{"name":123,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":124},"What recommendations does the brief propose?",{"text":125,"@type":113},"Recommendations include expanding HUD’s definition of homelessness, improving data collection and assessment systems, integrating mental health and substance abuse supports, expanding prevention and extending shelter/transitional stays for youth, and strengthening inter-agency data sharing.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":128,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":130,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":132,"site_id":62},582821,1792895864,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":135},{"doc_id":132,"user_id":136,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":137,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":138,"file_id":139,"file_url":140,"file_type":141,"file_size":142,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":14,"language":143,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":144,"faqs":145,"seo_title":146,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":147,"read_time":24,"preview_page_count":4},687207024643,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","PLUS Fellows Policy Brief 2021  \nK-12 Student Homelessness  \nAnalysis of Policy Responses to Student Homelessness in CA  \nPresented by: Hayden Rosenberg, and Caroline Siegel Singh  \nTHE ISSUE  \nFor the last five years, the California Department of Education (CDE) has reported a steady increase in homeless K-12 students in the state1 . In the academic year 2018-2019 , over 207 ,000 California K-12 students were without appropriate, consistent and stable housing2 . Unhoused K-12 students are disproportionately LGBTQ+ , migrants, students of color, and students with disabilities, exacerbating existing inequities. Homlessness among young people has also been shown to negatively impact both immediate educational performance and long-term outcomes.  \nThe existing homelessness system of care fails to respond effectively to the scale and scope of this problem. Stigma, lack of funding, unclear eligibility criteria, and disjointed coordination impede youth access to housing opportunities and associated services. As a result, there is an immediate need for additional resources and programmatic restructuring at both the state and federal levels to offer unhoused K-12 youth the support they need to thrive.  \nMETHODS  \nOur research team analyzed the efficacy of policies and practices responding to unhoused students in the state of California and made recommendations for policy and programmatic improvement. Fellows conducted a thorough review of existing literature coupled with an environmental scan of local organizational response. Fellows conducted 16 , semi-structured stakeholder interviews with policy experts, practitioners, government agencies and community based organizations, and undertook a case study of student homelessness in the Oakland Unified School District.  \nFINDINGS  \nUnhoused K-12 youth slip through the cracks of homelessness prevention and response programs, which fail to provide the housing and supports youth need to survive, thrive and access post-secondary education.  \nThe Mckinney-Vento Homelessness Assistance Act is the primary piece of federal legislation pertaining to homelessness, and is divided into two relevant components administered through separate federal agencies. Education of Homeless Children and Youth ( EHCY) , administered by the Department of Education, offers legal protections for unhoused K-12 students and disperses funding to each state. The remainder of the Act--not specific to unhoused students-- is administered by the Department of Housing and Urban Development ( HUD) and provides funding for local coordinating bodies to run brick and mortar housing programs and operate outreach and assessment systems.  \n1 The decrease during the 2019-20 school year is seen as an anomaly in the data as a result of the restrictions caused by COVID-19 2 Per CDE DataQuest, [https://data1.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/dqcensus/EnrEthGrd.aspx?cds=00&agglevel=state&year=2018-19&ro=y](https://data1.cde.ca.gov/dataquest/dqcensus/EnrEthGrd.aspx?cds=00&agglevel=state&year=2018-19&ro=y)  \nPLUS Fellows Policy Brief 2021  \nThere are five key drivers of this disconnected and failing system for unhoused students:  \na) Insufficient Data Collection and Low Quality  \nAlthough EHCY requires school districts to “count” their unhoused students annually, a vast number of such students are uncounted, miscounted and/or fail to report. District level data is incomplete and is housed-- largely disaggregated--at the school district level. This issue is greatly exacerbated by inconsistent definitions of “Youth.” Some programs fund “youth services” for 18-24 year olds; others consider “youth” to be minors.  \nb) The Education of Homeless Children and Youth (EHCY) Response System is Weak  \nEHCY is the only K-12 youth specific homelessness response program. However, EHCY offers only specific educational supports and services, not housing itself. At the local level, fragmented coordination  \nmeans that youth homelessness response is overseen by multiple a","cbCaifF9sW0QVHWl","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifF9sW0QVHWl","pdf",116706,"English","# The Issue\n## Methods\n## Findings\n## Key Recommendations","[{\"question\":\"What problem does the policy brief focus on?\",\"answer\":\"The brief examines increasing homelessness among California’s K-12 students and how current systems fail to provide effective housing and supports.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the research conducted?\",\"answer\":\"Researchers reviewed existing literature, scanned local organizational responses, conducted 16 semi-structured stakeholder interviews, and completed a case study in the Oakland Unified School District.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the main drivers identified in the findings?\",\"answer\":\"Key drivers include insufficient and low-quality data, a weak EHCY response system, youth inability to access HUD-funded care, a lack of youth-specific services, and insufficient federal and absent state funding.\"},{\"question\":\"What recommendations does the brief propose?\",\"answer\":\"Recommendations include expanding HUD’s definition of homelessness, improving data collection and assessment systems, integrating mental health and substance abuse supports, expanding prevention and extending shelter/transitional stays for youth, and strengthening inter-agency data sharing.\"}]","PLUS Fellows Policy Brief 2021 - K-12 Student Homelessness - Analysis of Policy Responses to Student Homelessness in CA | PDF",1792044583]