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This article reviews prior research on sand play and reports a small outdoor study conducted at a university-based child-development center using facilitated-action research. The study examines who plays by age and gender, identifies children who do not play, records sand play types encouraged, and evaluates outcomes of introducing new materials, ending with directions for further research.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/play-in-the-sandpit-a-university-and-a-child-care-center-collaborate-in-facilitated-action-research/591527/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/play-in-the-sandpit-a-university-and-a-child-care-center-collaborate-in-facilitated-action-research/591527.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"supergirl","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-11","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main research focus of the study on the sandpit?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study examines who plays in the sand area by age and gender, who does not play, what kinds of sand play are encouraged, and the effects of adding new play materials.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why do educators and designers recommend outdoor sandboxes and sandpits?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"They encourage multiple forms of play with open-ended materials in social settings, supporting exploration, chance, and challenge, including fine motor practice and role play.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does sand play relate to learning and development according to the article?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The article describes sand’s sensory and physical properties and connects sand play to cognitive and social benefits, including different levels of play and concepts from science and math.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},591527,1792209582,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962088121634,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_9964176cb1d06d4a9deccf72a44ae3dc","Play in the Sandpit  \nA University and a Child-Care Center Collaborate in Facilitated-Action Research  \n•  \nOlga Jarrett, Stacey French-Lee, Nermin Bulunuz, and Mizrap Bulunuz  \nSand play commonly occupies children at preschools, child-development centers, and school and park playgrounds. The authors review the research on sand play and present a small study on outdoor sand play conducted at a university-based, child-development center using a method they callfacilitated-action research. This study had four primary purposes: to detail who played in the sand area by age and gender; to identify any children who did not play in sand at all; to record what kinds of play sand encouraged; and to determine the effects of adding new play materials to the sand area. The authors conclude with some suggestions for further research.  \nThe symbolism of the sandbox is evident in the titles of two books, although neither of them is about sand play. Sandbox Society by Sally Lubeck (1985) is an ethnographic study that compares activities and interactions in a preschool serving white middle-income children and in a Head Start center serving low-income, African American children. Lessons from the Sandbox by Alan Gregerman (2000) takes lessons from children’s play and applies them to the corporate world. Why the sandbox? Sand play evokes iconic images ofa social setting where children interact while exploring, pretending, and experimenting with one of the world’s most common play materials. In this article, we will review a small research study designed to answer questions day-care center staff posed about play in the sandpit. Though limited in its scope, the study presentsa novel example of research to answer questions about children’s play. We hope our report will spark interest in further research on play with sand—a versatile, widely available, open-ended material.  \nThe use of sand in children’s programs has a long history, starting with a series of sand gardens developed in Berlin in the 1880s. These play areas, con-  \n© 2011 by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois  \nsisting of piles of sand encased in wooden borders, inspired the construction of America’s first supervised playgrounds: ten sand gardens in poor areas of Boston in 1887 (Frost 2010; Frost and Woods 1998) . G. Stanley Hall, the father of child study in America, eloquently described the value of sand play for developing a child’s imagination and learning (1891). He described a sand pile used by two boys for nine summers in which they built elaborate farms, towns, roads, tunnels, hills, and mines. Hall quoted one of their parents on the value of the summer play: “The sand-pile had been of about as much educational value as all the eight months of school”(Hall 1888, 231). According to Maria Montessori,“There is only one substance that the modern child is allowed to handle quite freely, and that is sand. Letting children play with sand has now become universal”(1967, 168) .  \nWhy play with sand? Sand is a material with a particular particle size, technically between 2 millimeters (1/12 inches.) and .06 millimeters (1/400 inches). A granular material, it can be mounded, poured, and measured when dry. When it is wet, the surface tension of water causes the grains to stick together (Welland 2009), allowing the sand to be molded, shaped, and carved into a pretend world. Sand is accessible all over the world, and in contrast to other granular materials, it does not readily decompose. The tactile qualities of sand fit well with the sensory emphasis of preschool education recommended by Friedrich Froebel, Montessori, and Jean Piaget (Piaget 1971). Educators value sand play for its cognitive and social benefits (Hill 1977; Milnes n.d.). Piaget’s play levels—functional (e.g., jumping in the sand or filling up containers and dumping out the contents); constructive (e.g., building sand castles and roads); and dramatic (e.g., making and pretending to eat sand birthday cakes)—ide","cbCaiurYXW6a1kX4","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiurYXW6a1kX4","pdf",263532,17,"English","# Introduction\n## Research purpose and study approach\n## Background and theoretical foundations\n## Practical benefits and design considerations\n## Curricular ideas for sand tables and sandboxes","[{\"question\":\"What is the main research focus of the study on the sandpit?\",\"answer\":\"The study examines who plays in the sand area by age and gender, who does not play, what kinds of sand play are encouraged, and the effects of adding new play materials.\"},{\"question\":\"Why do educators and designers recommend outdoor sandboxes and sandpits?\",\"answer\":\"They encourage multiple forms of play with open-ended materials in social settings, supporting exploration, chance, and challenge, including fine motor practice and role play.\"},{\"question\":\"How does sand play relate to learning and development according to the article?\",\"answer\":\"The article describes sand’s sensory and physical properties and connects sand play to cognitive and social benefits, including different levels of play and concepts from science and math.\"}]","Play in the Sandpit - A University and a Child-Care Center Collaborate in Facilitated-Action Research | PDF",1792072660,43]