[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-664163-105":59,"doc-detail-664163-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","plasticity-and-deformation-process-drawing","Plasticity and Deformation Process - Drawing","","An explanatory overview of plastic deformation through drawing, covering how temperature and material geometry determine process behavior. Cold drawing includes sheet-metal forming over curved axes and wire/rod/tube size reduction by pulling through dies, while distinguishing tensile forces from extrusion. Hot drawing of sheets uses heated plates, punches, and dies to create cylindrical cups, with cup-wall height limited by wrinkling and tearing. Deep versus shallow drawing is defined by depth-to-diameter, and key design variables such as blank and punch diameter, draw ratio, lubrication, clearance, and hold-down pressure are discussed alongside tooling-cost reduction via methods like Guerin rubber-die forming.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":30,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/technology/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/plasticity-and-deformation-process-drawing/664163/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/plasticity-and-deformation-process-drawing/664163.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Dusta123","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":24},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What determines whether drawing is cold or hot?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Drawing behavior depends on temperature and the shape of the material being deformed. Cold drawing uses cold-working conditions, while hot drawing applies heating before forming.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does hot drawing of sheets form a cylindrical cup?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"A heated sheet is positioned over a female die, a punch pushes the metal through the die, and a circular blank converts into a cylindrical cup.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What are the key variables in designing deep drawing processes?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Blank diameter and punch diameter define the draw ratio, along with die radius, punch-die clearance, blank thickness, lubrication, and hold-down pressure.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},664163,1793242152,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":29,"category_name":30,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":24,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":144},962093541925,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Plasticity and Deformation Process  \nDrawing  \nDrawing is a group of plastic deformation processes that vary depending on the temperature and the shape of the material to be deformed  \nCold drawing refers to two different operations:  \n1. If the starting stock is sheet metal it refers to forming of parts where plastic flow occurs over a curved axis The parts have elongated, 3D shapes with a depth much more than the thickness of the metal  \nA wide range of shapes from small cups to large automobile body panels can be produced which makes cold drawing one of the most important cold-working operations  \n2. If the starting stock is wire, rod or tubing, cold drawing processes reduce the cross section of the material by pulling it through a die  \nThe main difference between wire drawing and extrusion is that the applied forces are tensile in the former  \nHot drawing of sheets is done for forming relatively thick-walled parts of simple geometries, usually cylinders because hot material undergoes thinning as it passes through the dies  \nIn contrast relatively thin metal is processed into complex shapes in cold (deep) drawing of sheets and the thickness changes very little  \nHot drawing is done by the equipment setup shown in the figure according to the following steps:  \n• A heated sheet or plate is positioned over a female die  \n• A punch descends on the metal sheet, pushing the metal through the die  \n• Circular metal blank is converted to a cylindrical cup  \nThe height of the cup wall is determined by the difference between the diameter of the original blank sheet and the diameter of the punch  \nThe height is limited by the occurrence of defects like wrinkles that form in the cup walls when the circumference is reduced, or tearing in the blank around the punch perimeter  \nCups with taller walls can be produced than by standart deep drawing:  \n• Ironing (thinning) and elongation of the walls occurs when the gap between the punch and the die is less than the thickness of the incoming material (thin-walled coke cans are the most common example)  \n• If thinning weakens the metal significantly, another subsequent drawing with a smaller punch and die can follow the initial drawing  \n• A series of dies with decreasing diameters can be used in combination with a single punch  \nCold drawing is similar to hot drawing except using higher deformation forces and thinner metal with limited ductility  \nIt is considered shallow drawing when the depth of the product is less than its diameter When the depth is greater than the diameter, it is known as deep drawing  \nFor a simple operation of converting a circular disk of sheet metal into a flat-bottom cylindrical cup,• The material beneath the punch remains largely unaffected and becomes the bottom of the cup  \n• The cup wall is formed by pulling the remainder of the disk inward, over the radius of the die  \n• The circumference decreases as the material is pulled inward  \n• The decrease in circumferential dimension must be compensated by an increase in another dimension such as thickness since the volume is constant  \nWrinkling may occur to compensate for the decreased circumference since the material is thin  \nCompressing the blank sheet between the die and the blankholder suppresses the wrinkles, causing an increase in radial length or thickness  \nIn single action presses where there is only one movement that is available, springs or air pressure are used to compress the metal sheet between the die and pressure ram  \nThe hold-down force can be applied independently of the punch position when multiple actions are available in the press  \nThis compression force can be varied during the drawing operation  \nMultiple action presses are usually used for the drawing of complex parts where non-uniform strain distribution is possible  \nKey variables in design of deep drawing processes are the blank diameter and the punch diameter  \nThese two variables determine the draw ratio, the die radius, the clearance","cbCaitmXtrirFwEH","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitmXtrirFwEH","pdf",3419752,27,"English","# Drawing\n## Cold drawing\n## Hot drawing\n## Deep drawing vs shallow drawing\n## Wrinkling and tearing control\n## Design variables and tooling cost\n## Guerin process (rubber-die forming)","[{\"question\":\"What determines whether drawing is cold or hot?\",\"answer\":\"Drawing behavior depends on temperature and the shape of the material being deformed. Cold drawing uses cold-working conditions, while hot drawing applies heating before forming.\"},{\"question\":\"How does hot drawing of sheets form a cylindrical cup?\",\"answer\":\"A heated sheet is positioned over a female die, a punch pushes the metal through the die, and a circular blank converts into a cylindrical cup.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the key variables in designing deep drawing processes?\",\"answer\":\"Blank diameter and punch diameter define the draw ratio, along with die radius, punch-die clearance, blank thickness, lubrication, and hold-down pressure.\"}]","Plasticity and Deformation Process - Drawing | PDF",68]