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The syllabus covers major biomolecules—carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins—their structures, properties, and biological roles, followed by enzyme action, plant pigments, vitamins in plants, and an introduction to bioinformatics tools and databases. It also addresses biotechnology origins, plant tissue culture techniques and applications, plant–microbe interactions, biological nitrogen fixation, biofertilizers, and cryopreservation principles, methods, and significance.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":20,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/plant-biochemistry-and-biotechnology-syllabus-bot-301-course-outline/347012/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/plant-biochemistry-and-biotechnology-syllabus-bot-301-course-outline/347012.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"eBook King","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-22",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What are the stated objectives of Bot 301 Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"The course aims to provide fundamental knowledge of plant biochemistry and biotechnology, linking plant biochemical foundations with broader plant and bioscience areas.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Which major topics are included under Unit A?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Unit A covers plant biochemistry topics including biomolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins), enzymes, plant pigments, vitamins in plants, and an introduction to bioinformatics with key tools and databases.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What key competencies does Unit B focus on?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Unit B focuses on biotechnology overview, plant tissue culture techniques and applications, plant–microbe interactions including biological nitrogen fixation and biofertilizers, and cryopreservation principles and applications.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},347012,1790740194,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":19,"category_name":20,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},962088006270,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Tribhuvan University  \nInstitute of Science and Technology  \n‡‡  \n‡‡  \n‡‡  \n‡‡  \n‡‡  \n4 year's Bachelors of Science Revised course of Study-2073  \nThird & Fourth Year ‡‡  \n‡‡  \n‡‡  \n‡‡  \nEffective form 2073 Admission Batches  \n‡‡  \n‡‡ Dean's Office, Kirtipur  \nSubjects : IIIrd year  \n1. Botany  \n2. Chemistry  \n3. Environmental Science  \n4. Geology  \n5. Mathematics  \n6. Meteorology  \n7. Microbiology  \n8. Physics  \n9. Statistics  \n10. Zoology  \n11. Research Methodology  \nPlant Biochemistry and Biotechnology  \nCourse No: Bot 301 Full Marks: 100  \nNature of the Course: Theory Pass Marks: 35  \nYear: B.Sc. III year Lectures: 150  \nObjectives: The general aim of this course is to provide fundamental knowledge of plant biochemistry and biotechnology.  \nUnit A: Plant Biochemistry 75  \n1. Introduction: a) Plant biochemistry as a science (b) Relationship between plant biochemistry and plant sciences (genetics, cell biology, molecular biology, plant physiology and other branches of bio sciences) 2 hrs  \n2. Bio-molecules 37 hrs  \n(a) Water: molecular structure, properties, water as a solvent; Ionization of water, pH scale, buffer. 6 hrs  \n(b) Functional groups found in bio-molecules: general concept 3 hrs  \n(c) Carbohydrates: Definition, classification  \nMonosaccharides: classification (based on functional group; based on no ofC atoms), Properties (Esterification, oxidation, reduction, osazone formation, cyanohydrin reaction, furfural formation, enolization); derivatives of monosachharides (de-oxy derivatives, acids, alcohols, amino sugars, sialic acid); Biological importance  \nDisachharides, Polysaccharides and their biological importance (1+6+3 hrs)  \n(d) Lipids: Definition, structure of glycerol and fatty acids  \nProperties of fatty acids, kinds of lipids (Glycero lipids; lipids without glycerol;  \ncomplex lipids), properties of lipids, Biological roles of lipids (1+ 4 hrs)  \n(e) Proteins: Definition, Amino acids and their classification (essential, semi essential and non essential; polar and non polar; acidic, basic or neutral)  \nProperties of Amino Acids: Amino acids as zwitterions, Amino acids as electrolytes, Reactions of amino acids (ninhydrin reaction; Sanger‟s reaction; Edman‟s reaction, Dansyl Chloride reaction; Phosgene reaction; decarboxylation; Esterification;  \nAcylation)  \nPeptide bonds and Polypeptide; Structure of polypeptides-primary/secondary/tertiary and quaternary structures  \nClassification of proteins, Functions of proteins. (2+5+3+3 hrs)  \n3. Enzymes: Properties and chemical structure, Mechanism of action, Denaturation, Factors affecting enzyme action, Allosteric protein and feedback inhibition. Classification and nomenclature 7 hrs  \n4. Plant pigments: Structure and functions of chlorophylls, carotenoids, anthocyanins, phycobillins 4 hrs  \n5. Vitamins and their role in plants: Fat soluble vitamins (A, E and K); Water soluble vitamins (Coenzyme A, Vitamins B1, B2, B6, C, and H) 5 hrs  \n6. Introduction to Bioinformatics 5 hrs  \nDefinition, role of computer in bioinformatics, Branches of bioinformatics, Aim of bioinformatics, Scope and research areas in bioinformatics, Biological data-DNA sequence, protein sequence, macromolecular structure. Databases in bioinformatics, basic bioinformatics tools-Databases search (Entrez, SRS), Blast, Fasta.  \nUnit B: Plant Biotechnology 75  \n1. Overview of Biotechnology (1+3+10 hrs)= 14 hrs  \nIntroduction : A) Origin and History of biotechnology, B) Scope and importance of biotechnology: a) Biotechnology in Medicine, b) Biotechnology in food industry, c)  \nBiotechnology in agriculture, d) Biotechnology in Fermentation technology e) Biotechnology in environmental engineering; C)Achievements of biotechnology: a) Gene cloning, b) Recombinant DNA technology, c) In vitro culture technology, d) Genetically engineered drugs, e) Diagnosis of diseases f) Biosensors g) Biofertilizers h) Mutation Breeding, i) Enzyme technology , j) DNA finger printing, h) Monoclonal antibody  \n2. Plant tissue ","cbCainh7PKSM0xIl","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCainh7PKSM0xIl","pdf",3126437,252,"English","# Unit A: Plant Biochemistry\n## Introduction and bio-molecules\n## Enzymes, pigments, and vitamins\n## Introduction to Bioinformatics\n# Unit B: Plant Biotechnology\n## Overview of Biotechnology\n## Plant tissue culture techniques and applications\n## Plant-Microbe interaction and nitrogen fixation\n## Cryopreservation","[{\"question\":\"What are the stated objectives of Bot 301 Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology?\",\"answer\":\"The course aims to provide fundamental knowledge of plant biochemistry and biotechnology, linking plant biochemical foundations with broader plant and bioscience areas.\"},{\"question\":\"Which major topics are included under Unit A?\",\"answer\":\"Unit A covers plant biochemistry topics including biomolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins), enzymes, plant pigments, vitamins in plants, and an introduction to bioinformatics with key tools and databases.\"},{\"question\":\"What key competencies does Unit B focus on?\",\"answer\":\"Unit B focuses on biotechnology overview, plant tissue culture techniques and applications, plant–microbe interactions including biological nitrogen fixation and biofertilizers, and cryopreservation principles and applications.\"}]","Plant Biochemistry and Biotechnology - Syllabus - Bot 301 - Course Outline | PDF",1790064730,635]