[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-602840-105":59,"doc-detail-602840-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","planning-and-organizational-change-a-prelude-to-planning","Planning and Organizational Change - A Prelude to Planning","","Planning is presented as a process for designing desired organizational change that supports an alternative future. The text outlines a general planning template and compares rational comprehensive, bounded rational, mixed scanning, incremental, goal-free, scenario, and experience-based approaches, including how unknown futures from change create issues and opportunities for competition. It also describes educational planning models and a universal change process with preplanning, readiness, planning, implementation, and institutionalization.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/planning-and-organizational-change-a-prelude-to-planning/602840/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/planning-and-organizational-change-a-prelude-to-planning/602840.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"dabgoudw","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does the document define planning in relation to organizational change?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Planning is defined as a process for developing desired organizational change aimed at creating an alternative future. Plans generate change through their implementation, leading to a new changed future.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What planning approaches are presented as recognized and emerging processes?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The text presents a planning template and compares seven processes: Rational Comprehensive, Bounded Rational, Mixed Scanning, Incremental, Goal-Free, Scenario, and Experience-Based planning.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What five components make up the generalized change process described in educational planning?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The document describes preplanning, readiness, planning, implementation, and institutionalization. Together they form a basic, workable change process that moves from design to culture-level integration.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},602840,1792230797,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":41},3985747860484,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","A PRELUDE TO PLANNING  \nROBERT H. BEACH  \nSYNOPSIS  \nPlanning is presented as a process for developing desired organizational change focused on creating an alternative future more conducive and different from the one anticipated. A general planning template as well as five recognized and two emerging processes for planning arepresented with a discussion of their uses; they are Rational Comprehensive, Bounded Rational, Mixed Scanning, Incremental, Goal-Free, Scenario, and Experience-Based planning. Issues arising from the nature of the unknown futures flowing from change are also discussed. The competition that can arise from the manipulation of such futures is noted.  \nSEVERAL EDUCATIONAL PLANNING MODELS:  \nTHOUGHTS ABOUT PLANNING  \nThis article suggests how our planning activities in the present might influence the future. This is really what planning and its designed changes are all about. When we plan, we are creating a design that may allow us to move into a different future, and by the implementation of our plans change arises. A new, changed future emerges from the many possible and from the one that otherwise might be coming. A desired future is hopefully better suited to our individual and the organization’s interests. In general terms, such futures begin with processes for the creation of a plan for implementing change. The processes are not in themselves change; rather, they bring into existence ideas that are blueprints for the creation of change.  \nThe beginning of planning relevant to current educational activity is lost in history and generally pertinent from about 1800 AD and really only for the better part of the last 75 years. For example, tools such as the Critical Path Method (CPM) and the Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) evolved in the 1950s. Everett Rogers’(1995) seminal work on the diffusion of innovations was first published in 1962. Since this time, theories of planning and their approaches to creating change have been evolving and, in some cases, they have done so profoundly. These approaches to planning can lead to different outcomes. Consider them as different futures.  \nWhen a new school is needed, plans are designed. But nothing has changed other than that the plans exist. Only when some positive action relative to the plan’s implementation occurs, such as a school foundation being laid, is the future changed. The reality here is that anything that affects the plans can change the future. Even the passage of time itself can change things. In reality, everything is in flux.  \nTime stretches from where we are now, the present, forward into a future only partially knowable. If we could see into the future, we might find a brighter one that may be coming. Also, we can experience foreshadowing that is cast backward to the present and could raise concerns with what may be coming. What is coming may not be in our best interest. So, we may seek to bring about change derived from plans that create a different future, one more favorable.  \nMultiple and varied processes exist for creating change. Figure 1 illustrates one basic generalized process for the creation of plans designed to bring about change. While not being drawn  \nEducational Planning 2020 19 Vol. 27, No. 3  \nto scale, it presents a simple universal process with five components for creating change. These are preplanning, thinking about making the change; readiness, ensuring that the major elements of the organization are ready to take on the change process; planning, creating the designs for generating the change components; implementation, putting the change components in place; and institutionalization, ensuring that the initial implementation has taken hold. These five components constitute a basic, generalized, and workable change process. The first three involve the design process itself. Implementation and institutionalization involve actions of putting the plan into place and the integration of nascent change into the organiz","cbCaiv1w3SqYAy1P","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiv1w3SqYAy1P","pdf",321038,12,"English","# Synopsis\n## Planning as a process for organizational change\n## Planning models: rational, bounded, mixed scanning, incremental, goal-free, scenario, experience-based\n## Educational planning models and change process components\n## Limits of planning and change efforts in practice","[{\"question\":\"How does the document define planning in relation to organizational change?\",\"answer\":\"Planning is defined as a process for developing desired organizational change aimed at creating an alternative future. Plans generate change through their implementation, leading to a new changed future.\"},{\"question\":\"What planning approaches are presented as recognized and emerging processes?\",\"answer\":\"The text presents a planning template and compares seven processes: Rational Comprehensive, Bounded Rational, Mixed Scanning, Incremental, Goal-Free, Scenario, and Experience-Based planning.\"},{\"question\":\"What five components make up the generalized change process described in educational planning?\",\"answer\":\"The document describes preplanning, readiness, planning, implementation, and institutionalization. Together they form a basic, workable change process that moves from design to culture-level integration.\"}]","Planning and Organizational Change - A Prelude to Planning | PDF",1792095324]