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Stem bark extracts were fractionated to isolate eight compounds characterized by NMR, IR, and MS spectroscopy. Cytotoxicity was evaluated on triple-negative (HCC70), hormone receptor-positive (MCF-7), and non-cancerous mammary epithelial (MCF-12A) cell lines. Most compounds showed no or very low toxicity, with limited moderate effects for lupeol (4) and comparatively higher toxicity for compound (7) toward MCF-7 cells.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/phytochemicals-from-pterocarpus-angolensis-dc-and-their-cytotoxic-activities-against-breast-cancer-cells/331814/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/phytochemicals-from-pterocarpus-angolensis-dc-and-their-cytotoxic-activities-against-breast-cancer-cells/331814.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Logic","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-07","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What plant and extracts were studied for cytotoxic activity?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study focuses on Pterocarpus angolensis DC, using stem bark extracts that were fractionated by column chromatography to isolate eight compounds.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which breast cancer and control cell lines were used to test cytotoxicity?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Cytotoxicity was tested on triple-negative breast cancer cells (HCC70), hormone receptor-positive breast cancer cells (MCF-7), and non-cancerous mammary epithelial cells (MCF-12A).",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What were the main cytotoxicity findings across the isolated compounds?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Overall, most compounds showed no toxicity or very low toxicity toward the tested cell lines, except for moderate toxicity by lupeol (4) against MCF-12A and higher toxicity of compound (7) toward MCF-7 cells compared with HCC70 and MCF-12A.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},331814,1790139998,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":41,"preview_page_count":4},1099513958762,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/1000023916a998db790?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1784791008015729253","plants   \nArticle  \nPhytochemicals from Pterocarpus angolensis DC and Their Cytotoxic Activities against Breast Cancer Cells  \nZecarias W. Teclegeorgish 1, Ntebogeng S. Mokgalaka 1, Douglas Kemboi 1,2, *, Rui W. M. Krause 3,  \nXavier Siwe-Noundou 4, Getrude R. Nyemba 5, Candace Davison 5, Jo-Anne de la Mare 5,* and VuyelwaJ. Tembu 1, *  \nCitation: Teclegeorgish, Z.W.; Mokgalaka, N.S.; Kemboi, D.; Krause, R.W.M.; Siwe-Noundou, X.; Nyemba, G.R.; Davison, C.; de la Mare, J.-A.; Tembu, V.J. Phytochemicals from Pterocarpus angolensis DC and Their Cytotoxic Activities against Breast Cancer Cells. Plants 2024, 13, 301 . [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)plants13020301  \nAcademic Editors: Sabater-Jara Ana Belén and Lorena Almagro  \nReceived: 5 December 2023  \nRevised: 8 January 2024  \nAccepted: 15 January 2024  \nPublished: 19 January 2024  \nCopyright: © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \n1 Department of Chemistry, Tshwane University of Technology, Private Bag X680, Pretoria 0083, South Africa; [zakighedil@gmail.com](zakighedil@gmail.com) (Z.W.T.); [mokgalakans@tut.ac.za](mokgalakans@tut.ac.za) (N.S.M.)  \n2 Department of Chemistry, University of Kabianga, Kericho 2030-20200, Kenya  \n3 Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Makhanda 6140, South Africa; [r.krause@ru.ac.za](r.krause@ru.ac.za)  \n4 Department of Pharmaceutical Science, Sefako Makgatho Health Science University,  \nP.O. Box 60, Medunsa, Pretoria 0204, South Africa; [xavier.siwenoundou@smu.ac.za](xavier.siwenoundou@smu.ac.za)  \n5 Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Female Cancers Research at Rhodes University (FemCR2U),  \nMakhanda 6140, South Africa; [g21n4142@campus.ru.ac.za](g21n4142@campus.ru.ac.za) (G.R.N.); [c.davison@ru.ac.za](c.davison@ru.ac.za) (C.D.)  \n* Correspondence: [kemboidouglas01@gmail.com](kemboidouglas01@gmail.com) (D.K.); [j.delamare@ru.ac.za](j.delamare@ru.ac.za) (J.-A.d.l.M.);  \n[tembuvj@tut.ac.za](tembuvj@tut.ac.za) (V.J.T.)  \nAbstract: Pterocarpus anglonesis DC is an indigenous medicinal plant belonging to the Pterocarpus genus of the Fabaceae family. It is used to treat stomach problems, headaches, mouth ulcers, malaria, blackwater fever, gonorrhea, ringworm, diarrhea, heavy menstruation, and breast milk stimulation. Column chromatography of the stem bark extracts resulted in the isolation of eight compounds, which included friedelan-3-one (1), 3α-hydroxyfriedel-2-one (2), 3-hydroxyfriedel-3-en-2-one (3), lup-20(29)-en-3-ol (4), Stigmasta-5-22-dien-3-ol (5), 4-O-methylangolensis (6),(3β)-3-acetoxyolean-12-en-28-oic acid (7), and tetradecyl (E)-ferulate (8) . The structures were established based on NMR, IR, and MS spectroscopic analyses. Triple-negative breast cancer (HCC70), hormone receptor-positive breast cancer (MCF-7), and non-cancerous mammary epithelial cell lines (MCF-12A) were used to test the compounds’ cytotoxicity. Overall, the compounds showed either no toxicity or very low toxicity to all three cell lines tested, except for the moderate toxicity displayed by lupeol (4) towards the non-cancerous MCF-12A cells, with an IC50 value of 36.60 µM. Compound (3β)-3-acetoxyolean- 12-en-28-oic acid (7) was more toxic towards hormone-responsive (MCF-7) breast cancer cells than either triple-negative breast cancer (HCC70) or non-cancerous breast epithelial (MCF-12A) cells (IC 50 values of 83.06 vs. 146.80 and 143.00 µM, respectively) .  \nKeywords: Pterocarpus anglonesis; cytotoxicity; HCC70; MCF-7; MCF-12A; breast cancer  \n1. Introduction  \nPterocarpus of the Fabaceae (Leguminosae) family comprises 41 species mostly of timber trees found in the tropical parts of the world and native to ","cbCait0FR1bxHAcC","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCait0FR1bxHAcC","pdf",855131,12,"English","# Introduction\n## Pterocarpus genus and distribution\n## Traditional uses of P. angolensis\n## Previously reported phytochemical constituents\n# Abstract","[{\"question\":\"What plant and extracts were studied for cytotoxic activity?\",\"answer\":\"The study focuses on Pterocarpus angolensis DC, using stem bark extracts that were fractionated by column chromatography to isolate eight compounds.\"},{\"question\":\"Which breast cancer and control cell lines were used to test cytotoxicity?\",\"answer\":\"Cytotoxicity was tested on triple-negative breast cancer cells (HCC70), hormone receptor-positive breast cancer cells (MCF-7), and non-cancerous mammary epithelial cells (MCF-12A).\"},{\"question\":\"What were the main cytotoxicity findings across the isolated compounds?\",\"answer\":\"Overall, most compounds showed no toxicity or very low toxicity toward the tested cell lines, except for moderate toxicity by lupeol (4) against MCF-12A and higher toxicity of compound (7) toward MCF-7 cells compared with HCC70 and MCF-12A.\"}]","Phytochemicals from Pterocarpus angolensis DC and Their Cytotoxic Activities against Breast Cancer Cells | PDF",1789995298]