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However, research has focused more on clinical systems than on how physicians perceive and respond to AI in management. This qualitative study in China used semi-structured interviews with 25 physicians and reflexive thematic analysis in NVivo to examine perceptions, evaluation, potential scenarios, integration drivers and barriers, and differences across physician groups.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/physicians-perceptions-and-attitudes-on-artificial-intelligence-in-hospital-management-a-qualitative-study/432563/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/physicians-perceptions-and-attitudes-on-artificial-intelligence-in-hospital-management-a-qualitative-study/432563.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Ben ","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What does the study investigate about physicians and hospital management AI?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"It examines how physicians in China perceive, experience, and evaluate artificial intelligence use in hospital management, including potential application scenarios and integration factors.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How was the qualitative research conducted?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"The study used semi-structured interviews with 25 practicing physicians in China, and analyzed data with reflexive thematic analysis using NVivo across six steps.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What challenges limit AI adoption in hospital management, according to the study?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Adoption is constrained by weak infrastructure, financial constraints, and cultural resistance, and physicians’ attitudes vary by role, hospital level, age, experience, and risk views.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},432563,1791038191,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":56,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},2336478951081,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Zhou et al. BMC Health Services Research (2026) 26:14 BMC Health Services Research  \n[https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-025-13815-1](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-025-13815-1)  \nRESEARCH Open Access  \nPhysicians’ perceptions and attitudeson artificial intelligence in hospital management: a qualitative study  \nXizhen Zhou 1, Nazean Jomhari2*, Nik Daliana Nik Farid3 andYiming Xing 1  \nAbstract  \nBackground Artificial intelligence has begun to find its way into hospital management, where it is used to ease tasks, such as allocating resources, coordinating workflows and handling data. For physicians, who directly experience effects of management systems, their perspectives are critical to whether AI tools can be meaningfully adopted and integrated. Yet research in this area has tended to remain on clinical side, with far less attention given to how physicians perceive and respond to AI in hospital management.  \nObjective This study aims to examine how physicians in China perceive, experience, evaluate use of artificial intelligence in hospital management. It seeks identify potential application scenarios, highlight factors that facilitate or hinder integration, explore differences across physician groups.  \nMethods The study used qualitative approach, with semi-structured interviews involving 25 practicing physicians in China. Data were analysed in NVivo with reflexive thematic analysis, carried out in six steps.  \nResults The study identified four main themes about physicians’ views on artificial intelligence in hospital management: potential of AI applications, factors that drive use, barriers to use, and integration strategies, along with 12 related subthemes.  \nConclusion This study points out both opportunities and challenges in bringing artificial intelligence into hospital management. AI shows clear potential to improve efficiency and support institutional and digital transformation, but its use is limited by weak infrastructure, financial constraints and cultural resistance. Physicians’ attitudes also differ by role, hospital level, age, experience and views on risk. Because this study uses purposive sampling, a cross-sectional design and includes only physicians, the generalizability of the findings is limited.  \nKeywords Artificial intelligence, Hospital management, Digital transformation, Physicians’ attitudes, Implementation  \n*Correspondence: Nazean Jomhari [nazean@um.edu. my](nazean@um.edu. my)  \n1Institute of Advanced Studies, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia 2Department of Software Engineering, Faculty of Computer Science and Information Technology, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia 3Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia  \n© The Author(s) 2025. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if you modified the licensed material. You do not have permission under this licence to share adapted material derived from this article or parts of it. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creati](http://creati)[vecommons.org/l](vecommons.org/l)icenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.  \nZhou et al. BMC Health Services Research (2026) 26:14  \nIntroduction  \nComputer systems and digital tools play an important role in improving ","cbCailoIlSnsUgr1","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailoIlSnsUgr1","pdf",2591693,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Objective\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What does the study investigate about physicians and hospital management AI?\",\"answer\":\"It examines how physicians in China perceive, experience, and evaluate artificial intelligence use in hospital management, including potential application scenarios and integration factors.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the qualitative research conducted?\",\"answer\":\"The study used semi-structured interviews with 25 practicing physicians in China, and analyzed data with reflexive thematic analysis using NVivo across six steps.\"},{\"question\":\"What challenges limit AI adoption in hospital management, according to the study?\",\"answer\":\"Adoption is constrained by weak infrastructure, financial constraints, and cultural resistance, and physicians’ attitudes vary by role, hospital level, age, experience, and risk views.\"}]","Physicians’ perceptions and attitudes on artificial intelligence in hospital management: a qualitative study | PDF",1790660252,48]