[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-467693-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-467693-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","physical-activity-determinants-under-the-double-burden-of-malnutrition-contrasting-pathways-for-underweight-and-overweight-chinese-adolescents","Physical Activity Determinants Under the Double Burden of Malnutrition - Contrasting Pathways for Underweight and Overweight Chinese Adolescents","","Chinese adolescents face a dual burden of malnutrition, yet weight-status-specific mechanisms shaping physical activity participation remain insufficiently understood. A cross-sectional study of 1573 adolescents aged 9–15 in Shangrao City, China, assessed social-ecological, psychological factors, and physical activity using validated measures. Confirmatory factor analysis and multi-group structural equation modeling compared underweight, normal-weight, and overweight/obese pathways, with mediation tested via 5000 bootstrap resamples, revealing distinct determinant patterns across weight groups.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/physical-activity-determinants-under-the-double-burden-of-malnutrition-contrasting-pathways-for-underweight-and-overweight-chinese-adolescents/467693/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/physical-activity-determinants-under-the-double-burden-of-malnutrition-contrasting-pathways-for-underweight-and-overweight-chinese-adolescents/467693.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"hdkawk","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-06","2026-09-30",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",9,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is the central research question of the article?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"The article examines how determinants and mechanisms of physical activity participation differ across underweight, normal-weight, and overweight/obese Chinese adolescents under a dual burden of malnutrition.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How were physical-activity determinants measured in the study?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Validated scales measured social-ecological factors (family/peer support, physical environment), psychological factors (stage of change, self-efficacy, decisional balance), and physical activity participation.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What statistical approach was used to compare pathways across weight groups?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Confirmatory factor analysis validated the measurement model, and multi-group structural equation modeling tested pathway configurations across the three BMI groups, with mediation assessed using 5000 bootstrap resamples.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},467693,1791429700,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,115,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},3985747859855,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Article  \nPhysical Activity Determinants Under the Double Burden of Malnutrition: Contrasting Pathways for Underweight and Overweight Chinese Adolescents  \nLiying Yao 1,2, Shuaishuai Jia 3, *, Xiaochang Lv 1, Yongguan Dai 1, Yee Cheng Kueh 4, Jinfu Xu 5, Jianqiu Cong 6 and Garry Kuan 2, *  \nAcademic Editor: Javier Aranceta-Bartrina  \nReceived: 7 December 2025  \nRevised: 29 December 2025  \nAccepted: 3 January 2026  \nPublished: 5 January 2026  \nCorrection Statement: This article has been republished with a minor change. The change does not affect the scientific content of the article and further details are available within the backmatter of the website version of this article.  \nCopyright: © 2026 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license.  \n1 School of Physical Education and Sport Science, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China; [yaoliying@gzhu.edu.cn](yaoliying@gzhu.edu.cn) (L.Y.); [xiaochang831@163.com](xiaochang831@163.com) (X.L.)  \n2 Exercise and Sports Science Programme, School of Health Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia  \n3 Guangzhou Institute of International Finance, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China  \n4 Biostatistics and Research Methodology Unit, School of Medical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia  \n5 Journal Center, Guangzhou Sport University, Guangzhou 510500, China  \n6 College of Physical Education, Kaili University, Kaili 556011, China  \n* Correspondence: [tongjijia@gzhu.edu.cn](tongjijia@gzhu.edu.cn) (S.J.); [garrykuan@usm.my](garrykuan@usm.my) (G.K.)  \nAbstract  \nBackground: Chinese adolescents face a dual burden of malnutrition, yet the weight-statusspecific mechanisms underlying physical activity (PA) participation remain underexplored. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study among 1573 adolescents (aged 9–15 years) in Shangrao City, China. Validated scales measured social-ecological factors (family/peer support, physical environment), psychological factors (stage of change, self-efficacy, decisional balance), and PA participation. Data preprocessing utilized full information maximum likelihood to handle missing values. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed to validate the measurement model, followed by multi-group structural equation modeling to analyze pathway configurations across underweight (n = 187), normal-weight (n = 1070), and overweight/obese (n = 316) groups. Mediation effects were tested using bootstrapping with 5000 resamples. Results: Clear weight-specific patterns emerged. Normal-weight adolescents presented a fully functional comprehensive model where PA was predicted by the stage of change (β = 0.211, p \u003C 0.001), friend support (β = 0.120, p \u003C 0.001), self-efficacy (β = 0.092, p \u003C 0.05), and perceived benefits (β = 0.095, p \u003C 0.01) . Underweight adolescents primarily relied on internal readiness driven by stage of change (β = 0.270, p \u003C 0.001) and self-efficacy (β = 0.164, p \u003C 0.05), with family support only indirectly influencing participation via psychological mediators. In contrast, overweight/obese adolescents showed a “socially dependent” pattern: friend support directly predicted PA levels (β = 0.136, p \u003C 0.05), significantly enhanced self-efficacy (β = 0.370, p \u003C 0.01), and effectively lowered perceived barriers (β = −0.165, p \u003C 0.05) . Additionally, the physical environment strongly impacted perceived benefits (β = 0.471, p \u003C 0.01) but did not translate into action. Conclusions: These findings underscore the significant differences in PA determinants across the spectrum of malnutrition, necessitating targeted public health interventions to support the Healthy China 2030 initiative.  \nKeywords: body mass index; multi-group structural equation modeling; precision public health; Social-Ecological Model; Transtheoretical Model  \n1. Int","cbCaisq4WJ9yO6Ou","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisq4WJ9yO6Ou","pdf",1096124,15,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What is the central research question of the article?\",\"answer\":\"The article examines how determinants and mechanisms of physical activity participation differ across underweight, normal-weight, and overweight/obese Chinese adolescents under a dual burden of malnutrition.\"},{\"question\":\"How were physical-activity determinants measured in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Validated scales measured social-ecological factors (family/peer support, physical environment), psychological factors (stage of change, self-efficacy, decisional balance), and physical activity participation.\"},{\"question\":\"What statistical approach was used to compare pathways across weight groups?\",\"answer\":\"Confirmatory factor analysis validated the measurement model, and multi-group structural equation modeling tested pathway configurations across the three BMI groups, with mediation assessed using 5000 bootstrap resamples.\"}]","Physical Activity Determinants Under the Double Burden of Malnutrition - Contrasting Pathways for Underweight and Overweight Chinese Adolescents | PDF",1790773212,38]