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Findings indicate rural participants performed more slowly and reported less objective MVPA, with associations suggesting processing-speed effects primarily in rural survivors.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/physical-activity-and-cognitive-function-a-comparison-of-rural-and-urban-breast-cancer-survivors/385693/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/physical-activity-and-cognitive-function-a-comparison-of-rural-and-urban-breast-cancer-survivors/385693.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Aria","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-25","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",9,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is the main purpose of the study?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"To examine differences in cognitive function, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and other correlates of cancer-associated cognitive decline between rural and urban breast cancer survivors, and to test the effects of physical activity on cognition by residence.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How were cognitive function and physical activity measured?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Participants completed cognitive tasks assessing processing speed and working memory, and questionnaires assessing subjective memory impairment and MVPA. Some participants wore an accelerometer to estimate MVPA objectively.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What were the key findings comparing rural and urban survivors?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Rural breast cancer survivors performed significantly slower on Trails-B and engaged in less objectively estimated daily MVPA. No significant differences were observed for subjective memory impairment, self-reported MVPA, or several CACD correlates.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},385693,1790472548,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,115,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":108},2336464648322,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/2200025388227c56fec?_k=1778556882303663488","PLOS ONE  \nOPEN ACCESS  \nCitation: Page LL, Kahn CJ, Severson J, Kramer AF, McAuley E, Ehlers DK (2023) Physical activity and cognitive function:  \nA comparison of rural and urban breast cancer survivors. PLoS ONE 18(4): e0284189 . [https://doi](https://doi). org/10 .1371/journal.pone.0284189  \nEditor: Piotr Janusz Mamcarz, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, POLAND  \nReceived: September 15, 2022  \nAccepted: March 24, 2023  \nPublished: April 13, 2023  \nCopyright: This is an open access article, free of all copyright, and may be freely reproduced, distributed, transmitted, modified, built upon, or otherwise used by anyone for any lawful purpose. The work is made available under the Creative Commons CC0 public domain dedication.  \nData Availability Statement: All relevant data underlying the findings presented in this study are within the Supporting Information files. Additional requests regarding data availability can be sent to Diane Ehlers via email ([Ehlers.diane@may.edu](Ehlers.diane@may.edu)) .  \nFunding: This study was funded by the American Cancer Society (DKE; PG-16-021-01-CPPB) . The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.  \nRESEARCH ARTICLE  \nPhysical activity and cognitive function: A comparison of rural and urban breast cancer survivors  \nLindsey L. Page1, Christina J. Kahn1, Joan Severson2, Arthur F. Kramer3,4, Edward McAuley4, Diane K. Ehlers1,5 *  \n1 Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, United States of America, 2 Digital Artefacts, LLC, Iowa City, IA, United States of America, 3 Northeastern University, Boston, MA, United States of America, 4 University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States of America, 5 Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, AZ, United States of America  \n* [Ehlers.diane@mayo.edu](Ehlers.diane@mayo.edu)  \nAbstract  \nPurpose  \nIncreasing evidence suggests rural breast cancer survivors (BCS) may experience greater burden in symptoms known to be associated with cancer-associated cognitive decline (CACD) . Yet, little is known about CACD in rural BCS. This study (1) examined differences in cognitive function, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), and other CACD correlates and (2) tested the effects of MVPA on cognitive function in rural versus urban BCS.  \nMethods  \nRural and urban BCS (N = 80), matched on age, education, and time since diagnosis from a larger study, completed cognitive tasks assessing processing speed (Trails-B, Mazes, Task-Switch) and working memory (spatial working memory) and questionnaires assessing subjective memory impairment (SMI), MVPA, and CACD correlates (i.e. , sleep quality, fatigue, anxiety/depression) . Some participants (n = 62) wore an accelerometer to objectively estimate MVPA. Multiple linear regression and multivariate analysis of covariance were used to test study aims.  \nResults  \nRural BCS (n = 40, M = 61.1±8.4 years-old) performed significantly slower on Trails-B (p\u003C0.01) compared with urban BCS (n = 40, M = 61.0±8.2 years-old) and engaged in less objectively-estimated daily MVPA (mean difference = 13.83±4.73 minutes; p = 0.01) . No significant differences in SMI, self-reported MVPA, or CACD correlates were observed (all p>0.28) . Regression models did not reveal a significant interaction between MVPA and cognitive performance (all p>0. 1); however, estimated marginal means models indicated that the effect of MVPA on processing speed was evident only among rural BCS (Trails-B, p = 0.04; Mazes, p = 0.03) .  \nCompeting interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.  \nConclusions  \nFindings suggest rural BCS may suffer greater CACD and engage in less MVPA. Additional research is warranted to further examine CACD and more effectively promote MVPA in rural BCS.  \nIntroduction  \nCompared to urban breast cancer survivors (BCS), rural BCS experience greater health consequences","cbCaiq424oR708Ec","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiq424oR708Ec","pdf",712727,16,"English","# Abstract\n## Purpose\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusions\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To examine differences in cognitive function, moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, and other correlates of cancer-associated cognitive decline between rural and urban breast cancer survivors, and to test the effects of physical activity on cognition by residence.\"},{\"question\":\"How were cognitive function and physical activity measured?\",\"answer\":\"Participants completed cognitive tasks assessing processing speed and working memory, and questionnaires assessing subjective memory impairment and MVPA. Some participants wore an accelerometer to estimate MVPA objectively.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the key findings comparing rural and urban survivors?\",\"answer\":\"Rural breast cancer survivors performed significantly slower on Trails-B and engaged in less objectively estimated daily MVPA. No significant differences were observed for subjective memory impairment, self-reported MVPA, or several CACD correlates.\"}]","Physical activity and cognitive function - A comparison of rural and urban breast cancer survivors | PDF",1790270590]