[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-638520-105":59,"doc-detail-638520-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","phra-malai-texts-telling-them-apart-preface-or-performance","Phra Malai Texts - Telling them apart: Preface or Performance","","Thin me stoanyrydof Pifferra Mant verslaiion, ie magican ThailanlmdonTh whdiffoetraverenceelditeoinhleaagnudage, apvoeenti,cexfoistsrm and the ritual context in which the text is recited. The storyline remains essentially the same across versions, except that Phra Malai Klon Suat (PMKS) includes repetition and more detailed depictions of suffering hell beings and their sins. This article clarifies distinguishing characteristics of different Phra Malai texts and explains the social context of PMKS to interpret miniature paintings in these manuscripts.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/phra-malai-texts-telling-them-apart-preface-or-performance/638520/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/phra-malai-texts-telling-them-apart-preface-or-performance/638520.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"notyourbestiee","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-10-22",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What are the two purposes of the article?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The article aims to clarify distinguishing characteristics among different Phra Malai texts and to provide information about the social context in which PMKS was popular so the meaning of miniature paintings can be better understood.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does PMKS differ from other Phra Malai versions?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The storyline is largely the same, but Phra Malai Klon Suat (PMKS) contains more repetition and offers a more detailed description of the suffering hell beings and their sins.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Where are key scenes from the Phra Malai narrative depicted?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Key scenes are depicted in sculpture, temple murals, and in accordion-folded manuscripts known as samut khoi.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},638520,1792683694,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":143},962094243716,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","doi: 10. 14456/jms.2017.22  \nPhra Malai Texts–Telling them apart: Preface or Performance1  \nBonnie Pacala Brereton  \nCenter for Research on Plurality in the Mekong Region Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand  \nEmail: [brereton.b@gmail.com](brereton.b@gmail.com)  \nAbstract  \nThin me stoanyrydof Pifferra Mant verslaiion, ie magican ThailanlmdonTh whdiffoetraverenceelditeoinhleaagnudage, apvoeenti,cexfoistsrm and the ritual context in which the text is recited. The storyline is essentially the same in all versions, except that Phra Malai Klon Suat(PMKS), which is written on accordion-folded illustrated paper manuscripts (samut khoi), contains much repetition and a more detailed description of the suffering hell beings and their sins. This article has two purposes. The first is to clarify the characteristics of the different Phra Malai texts, as scholars frequently are not careful to differentiate them and consequently write things that are incorrect. The second purpose is to provide information about the social context in which PMKS was popular for the purpose of shedding light on the meaning of certain miniature paintings that appear in these manuscripts.  \nKeywords: Phra Malai Klon Suat, suat kharuehat, samut khoi, funeral wakes, performance  \nบทคัดย่อ  \nเรื่ องพระมา ลัย พระอรหัน ต์ผู้มีฤทธิ์มาก ผู้เคยไป ยังนรกและสวรรค์ ปรากฏอ ยู่หลายส􀃎านวนในประเทศไทย โดยมีความแตกต่างในด้านภาษา ลักษณะค􀃎าประพันธ์ และบริบทของพิธีกรรมในการสวดพระมาลัย ทั้งนี้โครงเรื่องหลักจะมีลักษณะเดี ยวกันในทุกส􀃎านวนแต่พระมาลัยกลอนสวดซึ่งมักเขี ยนลงในสมุดข่ อยจะมี เนื้ อหาที่มีความซ้􀃎 าซ้อนมากกว่าและมีการบรรยายถึง ผู้ที่ก􀃎าลังทุกข์ทรมานอ ยู่ในนรกด้วยบาปต่างๆ มากกว่า บทความนี้ 1 This article is based in part on a paper,“Those Strange-Looking Monks in Phra Malai Manuscript Paintings: Voices of The Text,” presented at the 13th International Conference on Thai Studies in Chiang Mai, 2017.  \nJournal of Mekong Societies Vol.13 No.3 September-December 2017 pp. 1-18  \n2  Journal of Mekong Societies  Phra Malai Texts–Telling them apart: Preface or Performance 3  \nมีวัตถุประสงค์ 2 ประการ ประการแรกคือการชี้ให้เห็นถึงลักษณะของเรื่องพระมาลัยในส􀃎านวนต่างๆ เนื่องจากที่ผ่านมานักวิชาการมักมิได้ระมัดระวังในการจ􀃎าแนกความแตกต่างอันน􀃎าไปสู่การเขี ยนที่ผิดพลาด วัตถุประสงค์ประการที่สองคือการให้ข้อมูลเกี่ ยวกับบริบททางสังคมซึ่งพระมาลัยกลอนสวดเป็นที่นิ ยม เพื่ อสร้างความเข้าใจที่ชัดเจนขึ้นเกี่ ยวกับความหมายของภาพวาดขนาดเล็กบางภาพที่ปรากฏอยู่ในเอกสารเหล่านี้  \nค􀃎ำส􀃎ำคัญ : พระมาลัยกลอนสวด สวดคฤหัสถ์ สมุดข่อย การเ ฝ้าศพ การแสดง  \nThe Phra Malai Story2  \nThe gist of the story is as follows. Long ago on the island of Lanka there lived a saintly monk named Malai. Through merit accrued in past lives, he had supernatural powers like those of the Buddha’s disciple Moggallana that enabled him to fly to the hells to relieve the sufferings of the beings there and then return to the human realm to report on their conditions to their relatives.  \nOne morning as he was going on his alms rounds, Phra Malai  \nIntroduction  \nThein nsutorymerosPvrrasiMonaslao, w“tilcliss,k”n(own to BBreretonu, ddhis1992;tth99ru),gaout Termaiandinaleyxustesd by A.K. Ramanujan (1991) in reference to the many different Ramayana versions. While all Phra Malai tellings share the same basic sequence of events and are usually written as poetry, it is important to note that they differ in numerous ways, including language/dialect/region, the ritual setting in which they are recited, poetic form, and literary level. Key scenes from the narrative are depicted in sculpture, temple murals and the accordion-folded manuscripts known as samut khoi.  \nencountered a poor man who took care of his mother and made a living by cutting grass.3 The man went to bathe in a pond, where he picked eight lotuses and presented them to the monk, asking that through this offering he would never again be born poor. After accepting the offering, Phra Malai flew to Tavatimsa Heaven to present the lotuses ","cbCaihmWDT27Vh0i","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihmWDT27Vh0i","pdf",679275,"English","# Introduction\n## The Phra Malai Story\n## Narrative sources and depicted scenes\n## Purpose and scope","[{\"question\":\"What are the two purposes of the article?\",\"answer\":\"The article aims to clarify distinguishing characteristics among different Phra Malai texts and to provide information about the social context in which PMKS was popular so the meaning of miniature paintings can be better understood.\"},{\"question\":\"How does PMKS differ from other Phra Malai versions?\",\"answer\":\"The storyline is largely the same, but Phra Malai Klon Suat (PMKS) contains more repetition and offers a more detailed description of the suffering hell beings and their sins.\"},{\"question\":\"Where are key scenes from the Phra Malai narrative depicted?\",\"answer\":\"Key scenes are depicted in sculpture, temple murals, and in accordion-folded manuscripts known as samut khoi.\"}]","Phra Malai Texts - Telling them apart: Preface or Performance | PDF",25]