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The study evaluates the cytotoxic potential of photodynamic therapy (PDT), doxorubicin hydrochloride (Dox-HCl) alone or combined, and varying concentrations of medicinal plant extracts on the soft-tissue cancer Rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cell line.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/photoactive-metabolite-mediated-photodynamic-therapy-of-rhabdomyosarcoma-cell-lines-using-medicinal-plants-and-doxorubicin-cotreatments-abstract/330965/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/photoactive-metabolite-mediated-photodynamic-therapy-of-rhabdomyosarcoma-cell-lines-using-medicinal-plants-and-doxorubicin-cotreatments-abstract/330965.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Noah","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-26","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What treatments were evaluated in the Rhabdomyosarcoma RD cell line study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study assessed photodynamic therapy (PDT), chemotherapy with doxorubicin hydrochloride (Dox-HCl), and combinations of PDT with Dox-HCl plus medicinal plant extracts.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which medicinal plants and photosensitizer were used?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Plant extracts tested included Thuja occidentalis, Moringa oleifera, and Solanum surattense. 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BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024) 24:270  \n[https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-024-04575-2](https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-024-04575-2)  \nBMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies  \nRESEARCH Open Access  \nPhotoactive metabolite  \nmediated photodynamic therapy of Rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines using medicinal plants and Doxorubicin cotreatments  \nSumbal Javaid 1,2, Irfan Zia Qureshi 1*, Ahmat Khurshid 1,2, Tayyaba Afsar3, Fohad Mabood Husain4, Muhammad Khurshid5, Janeen H. Trembley6,7,8 and Suhail Razak3*  \nAbstract  \nBackground Medicinal plant-mediated combinational therapies have gained importance globally due to minimal side effects and enhanced treatment outcomes compared to single-drug modalities. We aimed to analyze the cytotoxic potential of each conventional treatment i.e., photodynamic therapy (PDT), chemotherapy (doxorubicin hydrochloride; Dox-HCl) with or without various concentrations of medicinal plant extracts (PE) on soft tissue cancer Rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cell line.  \nMethods The Rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) cell line was cultured and treated with Photosensitizer (Photosense (AlPc4)), Chemo (Dox-HCl), and their combinations with different concentrations of each plant extract i. e., Thuja occidentalis, Moringa oleifera, Solanum surattense. For the surce of illumination, a Diode laser (λ = 630 nm ± 1 nm, Pmax = 1.5  \nmW) was used. Photosensitizer uptake time ( 45 min) was optimized through spectrophotometric measurements (absorption spectroscopy) . Drug response of each treatment arm was assessed post 24 h of administration using 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-5-diphenyl-2 H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.  \nResults PE-mediated Chemo-Photodynamic therapy (PDT) exhibited synergistic effects (CI \u003C 1) . Moreover, Rhabdomyosarcoma culture pretreated with various plant extracts for 24 h exhibited significant inhibition of cell viability however most effective outcomes were shown by low and high doses of Moringa oleifera compared to other plant extracts. Post low doses treated culture with all plant extracts followed by PDT came up with more effectiveness when compared to all di-therapy treatments.  \n*Correspondence:  \nIrfan Zia Qureshi [Irfanziaqureshi@gmail.com](Irfanziaqureshi@gmail.com)[ ](Irfanziaqureshi@gmail.com)Suhail Razak[smarazi@ksu.edu.sa](smarazi@ksu.edu.sa)  \nFull list of author information is available at the end of the article  \n© The Author(s) 2024. Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit [http://creativecommons.org/l](http://creativecommons.org/l)icenses/by/4.0/.  \nJavaid et al. BMC Complementary Medicine and Therapies (2024) 24:270 Page 2 of 13  \nConclusion The general outcome of this work shows that the ethanolic plant extracts (higher doses) promote the death of cancerous cells in a dose-dependent way and combining Dox-HCl and photo-mediated photodynamic therapy can yield better therapeutic outcomes.  \nKeywords Photosensitizer, Rhabdomyosarcoma cancer, Photodynamic therapy, Absorption spectroscopy, Combination index, Medicinal plants  \nBackground  \nCancer is the leading cause of death among children and adolescents worldwide with approximately 300,000 reported cases annually [1]. Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a soft tissue sarcoma, co","cbCaicZdJpEX93bg","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicZdJpEX93bg","pdf",2672507,13,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion\n# Keywords","[{\"question\":\"What treatments were evaluated in the Rhabdomyosarcoma RD cell line study?\",\"answer\":\"The study assessed photodynamic therapy (PDT), chemotherapy with doxorubicin hydrochloride (Dox-HCl), and combinations of PDT with Dox-HCl plus medicinal plant extracts.\"},{\"question\":\"Which medicinal plants and photosensitizer were used?\",\"answer\":\"Plant extracts tested included Thuja occidentalis, Moringa oleifera, and Solanum surattense. The photosensitizer used was Photosense (AlPc4).\"},{\"question\":\"What were the main findings regarding combination therapy effects?\",\"answer\":\"Plant-extract–mediated chemo-PDT showed synergistic effects (combination index CI \\u003c 1). Pretreatment with plant extracts reduced cell viability, and Moringa oleifera low and high doses produced the most effective outcomes.\"}]","Photoactive metabolite mediated photodynamic therapy of Rhabdomyosarcoma cell lines using medicinal plants and Doxorubicin cotreatments - Abstract | PDF",1789990933,33]