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Retrospective case–control matching (1:2) included patients developing neurotoxicity as cases, and non-neurotoxic patients as controls. Logistic regression adjusted for plasma GA, lactate, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and serum ammonia. Receiver operating characteristic analysis quantified predictive performance, including combined biomarkers.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/phospholipase-a2-and-systemic-immune-inflammation-index-as-early-predictors-of-neurotoxicity-induced-by-acute-glufosinate-ammonium-poisoning-a-population-based-casecontrol-analysis/438324/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/phospholipase-a2-and-systemic-immune-inflammation-index-as-early-predictors-of-neurotoxicity-induced-by-acute-glufosinate-ammonium-poisoning-a-population-based-casecontrol-analysis/438324.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"anakgang17","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What biomarkers were assessed for early prediction of GA poisoning-related neurotoxicity?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study assessed the Systemic-Immune Inflammation Index (SII) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), including their combined predictive value.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were cases and controls selected in the case–control analysis?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Patients with acute oral GA poisoning who developed neurotoxicity were designated as the case group, while controls were non-neurotoxic GA patients matched at a 1:2 ratio by age interval.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What did the results show about the ability of SII and Lp-PLA2 to predict neurotoxicity?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Both SII and Lp-PLA2 levels were higher in cases than controls. After adjustment, higher SII and Lp-PLA2 were associated with neurotoxicity, and ROC analyses showed strong predictive performance, with the combination performing best.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},438324,1790816943,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},962090883568,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Wiley  \nEmergency Medicine International Volume 2026, Article ID 9034089, 8 pages [https://doi.org/10.1155/emmi/9034089](https://doi.org/10.1155/emmi/9034089)  \nResearch Article  \nPhospholipase A2 and Systemic-Immune Inflammation Index as Early Predictors of Neurotoxicity Induced by Acute Glufosinate Ammonium Poisoning: A Population-Based  \nCase–Control Analysis  \nXiang Xue , 1,2 Xinyao Wu ,3 Zhaorui Sun ,2 ShinanNie ,2,3 and Changbao Huang 1  \n1 Department of Emergency Medicine,  \nTe First Afliated Hospital of Wannan Medical College (Yijishan Hospital of Wannan Medical College), Wuhu, China 2 Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Hospital, Afliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University,  \nNanjing 210002, China  \n3 Department of Emergency Medicine, Jinling Clinical Medical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine,  \nNanjing 210002, China  \nCorrespondence should be addressed to Shinan Nie; shn_nie@sina.com and Changbao Huang; [hchangbao@126.com](hchangbao@126.com)  \nReceived 31 May 2025; Revised 11 November 2025; Accepted 16 December 2025  \nAcademic Editor: Chak W. Kam  \nCopyright © 2026 Xiang Xue et al. Emergency Medicine International published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Tis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.  \nObjective: Tis study aimed to investigate the predictive value of the Systemic-Immune Infammation Index (SII) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) in the early detection of glufosinate ammonium (GA) poisoning-induced neurotoxicity.  \nMethods: A retrospective case–control analysis of patients with acute oral GA poisoning was conducted from January 2021 to August 2024 . GA poisoning patients who developed neurotoxicity were identifed as the case group. Te control group was matched 1:2 with the case group on the year of age interval in GA patients without neurotoxicity. Univariate and multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the independent risk of neurotoxicity induced by GA poisoning. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve and area under the curve (AUC) were performed to evaluate the predictive value ofSII, Lp-PLA2, and combination of both in GA poisoning patients associated with neurotoxicity.  \nResults: A cohort of 82 patients experiencing neurotoxicity due to GA poisoning was identifed, alongside a control group of 164 individuals who did not exhibit neurotoxic symptoms. Te levels ofSII and Lp-PLA2 were higher among the case group compared with the control group. After controlling for plasma GA concentration, lactate, neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, and serum ammonia, the results of the multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the case group was more likely to exhibit elevated levels of the SII (OR 􀂈 1.010, 95% CI: 1.004, 1.015, p \u003C 0.001) and Lp-PLA2 (OR 􀂈 1.049, 95% CI: 1.032, 1.065, p \u003C 0.001) . Furthermore, the areas under the ROC curve of SII, Lp-PLA2, and combination of both were 0.781 (95% CI: 0.717, 0.845, p \u003C 0.001), 0.880 (95% CI: 0.838, 0.923, p \u003C 0.001), and 0.931 (95% CI: 0.901, 0.961, p \u003C 0.001), respectively.  \nConclusions: Te study concluded that SII, Lp-PLA2, and their combination could serve as predictive biomarkers for assessing the neurotoxicity associated with glufosinate ammonium poisoning.  \nKeywords: glufosinate ammonium; neurotoxicity; phospholipase A2; population-based; Systemic-Immune Infammation Index  \n2 Emergency Medicine International  \n1. Introduction the exposure factor being examined is a categorical variable, the sample size for the control group can be calculated using  \nGlufosinate ammonium (GA), a commonly utilized non- the following formula: Ncontrol 􀂈 (n + 1) ∗ P (1 − P) ∗ spcelreluecsdies hseuserveber-ricafrilideadendivlnayncotagapntepeslimocaoerio,rryadexagitteirioncnsualivlteuhreealrbfpiccaraidcyce,tscaeinnsd-, rd(UatenαiooUβf ths th)2/eenc","cbCaiuetb9bcqLcE","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiuetb9bcqLcE","pdf",612373,"English","# Objective\n# Methods\n## Statistical analyses\n# Results\n# Conclusions\n# Keywords","[{\"question\":\"What biomarkers were assessed for early prediction of GA poisoning-related neurotoxicity?\",\"answer\":\"The study assessed the Systemic-Immune Inflammation Index (SII) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), including their combined predictive value.\"},{\"question\":\"How were cases and controls selected in the case–control analysis?\",\"answer\":\"Patients with acute oral GA poisoning who developed neurotoxicity were designated as the case group, while controls were non-neurotoxic GA patients matched at a 1:2 ratio by age interval.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the results show about the ability of SII and Lp-PLA2 to predict neurotoxicity?\",\"answer\":\"Both SII and Lp-PLA2 levels were higher in cases than controls. After adjustment, higher SII and Lp-PLA2 were associated with neurotoxicity, and ROC analyses showed strong predictive performance, with the combination performing best.\"}]","Phospholipase A2 and Systemic-Immune Inflammation Index as Early Predictors of Neurotoxicity Induced by Acute Glufosinate Ammonium Poisoning - A Population-Based Case–Control Analysis | PDF",1790685027]