[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-504357-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-504357-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","phimosis-treatment-and-risk-of-recurrent-urinary-tract-infection-in-infant-males-a-systematic-review","Phimosis Treatment and Risk of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection in Infant Males: A Systematic Review","","Objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of phimosis treatment via circumcision or topical corticosteroids for preventing recurrent UTI (rUTI) in male infants. Methods: Systematic review searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials.gov through September 2024 under PRISMA. Included English primary-data studies reported rUTI rates after these interventions; excluded studies without prior UTI. Results: 4 studies met criteria; circumcision showed rUTI in uncircumcised infants but none post-circumcision, topical corticosteroids showed no rUTI in treated infants. Evidence remains limited.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/phimosis-treatment-and-risk-of-recurrent-urinary-tract-infection-in-infant-males-a-systematic-review/504357/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/phimosis-treatment-and-risk-of-recurrent-urinary-tract-infection-in-infant-males-a-systematic-review/504357.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Blitz","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-22","2026-10-03",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",9,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is the goal of this systematic review?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"To evaluate whether phimosis treatment—circumcision or topical corticosteroids—reduces recurrent urinary tract infection (rUTI) risk in male infants after an initial UTI.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How were studies selected and assessed in the review?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The review searched major databases through September 2024 following PRISMA. Included English studies reported rUTI rates after circumcision or topical corticosteroid treatment, and study quality/risk of bias were assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute tools.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What did the review find about rUTI risk after circumcision or topical corticosteroids?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Across included studies, rUTI occurred in uncircumcised infants but not in the post-circumcision groups, and topical corticosteroids were associated with no rUTIs in treated infants. However, the total evidence base was small and insufficient for meta-analysis.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},504357,1791200395,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,115,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":111,"language":139,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":143,"read_time":117},24464137899374,"https://us-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","Urology 208 (2026) 185–192  \nContents lists available at ScienceDirect  \nUrology  \njournal [homepage:](homepage: www.sciencedirect.com/journal/urology)[ www.sciencedirect.com/journal/urology](homepage: www.sciencedirect.com/journal/urology)  \nReview Article  \nPhimosis Treatment and Risk of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection in Infant Males: A Systematic Review  \nTatjana Heisinger-Heidlera,b,1, Rachel Shannona,1, Theresa Meyera, Sophia Kamanzia, Ilina Rosoklijaa, Dennis B. Liua,c, David I. Chua,c, Corinne H. Millerd, Emilie K. Johnsona,c,⁎ a Division of Urology, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children’s Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL  \nb Department of Urology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria  \nc Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Urology, Chicago, IL  \nd Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center, Chicago, IL  \n\n| A B S T R A C T |\n| --- |\n| Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of phimosis treatment through circumcision or topical corticosteroids in preventing recurrent UTI (rUTI) in male infants. Methods: A systematic review of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, CINAHL, Scopus, Web of Science, and [ClinicalTrials.gov](ClinicalTrials.gov) was conducted through September 2024 per Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. English-language articles with primary data on rUTI rates postcircumcision or topical corticosteroid treatment in infants were included. Articles were excluded if participants had not experienced a prior UTI. Two authors independently assessed abstracts and articles; a third resolved discrepancies. Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Tools were applied for quality and risk of bias. Results: Of 3283 abstracts, 69 full-text articles were reviewed, and 4 met inclusion criteria (2 on circumcision, 2 on topical corticosteroids). Around 11/35 (31%) uncircumcised premature infants and 6/53 (11%) uncircumcised boys developed a rUTI compared to none post-circumcision. Among 27 uncircumcised infants who received topical corticosteroids, none developed rUTI, versus 27/165 (16%) untreated infants. Another study found phimosis resolution in 35/39 (90%) infants using topical corticosteroids versus 8/39 (21%) using Vaseline. Infants were re-categorized by prepuce retractability, with rUTI in 2/28 (7%) infants with a retractile versus 8/27 (30%) with a non-retractile prepuce.\u003Cbr>Conclusion: This first systematic review on this topic suggests circumcision and topical corticosteroids may reduce rUTI risk, but available evidence is limited and insufficient for meta-analysis. High-quality studies are needed to clarify preventive role of these interventions in rUTI. |\n\nUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common serious bacterial infections in young children, and phimosis is a significant risk factor for UTIs in young boys.1 Studies suggest that UTIs could be secondary to bacterial colonization under the foreskin, which predisposes boys, especially those with tight foreskins, to UTIs.2,3 The risk of UTI in young boys parallels the natural history of phimosis, being highest during the first 3 to 6 months of life and decreasing over time.4-7  \nCircumcision is the most commonly performed pediatric surgery in the United States (US), with approximately 55% of newborn boys undergoing the procedure each year.8,9 In the US, circumcision prevalence is 76.2%, with variation between different racial/ethnic groups.10 The protective benefit of circumcision in reducing the lifetime risk of a first UTI in boys has been well established, supported by a meta-analysis of 22 studies (1987-2010), which found a risk of first UTI of 8.8% among circumcised males compared to 32. 1% in uncircumcised males.11 Moreover, circumcision can reduce UTI risk by up to 10-fold during the first 12 months of life.11 Topical corticosteroid treatment has been  \nshown to release physiologic phimosis and reduce ","cbCaigTZe6AvZY9K","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigTZe6AvZY9K","pdf",1132679,"English","# Abstract\n## Objective\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion","[{\"question\":\"What is the goal of this systematic review?\",\"answer\":\"To evaluate whether phimosis treatment—circumcision or topical corticosteroids—reduces recurrent urinary tract infection (rUTI) risk in male infants after an initial UTI.\"},{\"question\":\"How were studies selected and assessed in the review?\",\"answer\":\"The review searched major databases through September 2024 following PRISMA. Included English studies reported rUTI rates after circumcision or topical corticosteroid treatment, and study quality/risk of bias were assessed using Joanna Briggs Institute tools.\"},{\"question\":\"What did the review find about rUTI risk after circumcision or topical corticosteroids?\",\"answer\":\"Across included studies, rUTI occurred in uncircumcised infants but not in the post-circumcision groups, and topical corticosteroids were associated with no rUTIs in treated infants. However, the total evidence base was small and insufficient for meta-analysis.\"}]","Phimosis Treatment and Risk of Recurrent Urinary Tract Infection in Infant Males: A Systematic Review | PDF",1791066398]