[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-43233-en":3,"doc-seo-43233-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":11,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},43233,7971461740909,"Levi","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d",2,"Literature","Philosopher Psychologist Antichrist","Philosopher, Psychologist, Antichrist presents Walter Kaufman’s scholarly work on Friedrich Nietzsche, framed across updated editions and revisions. The preface explains the book’s shift toward dissociating Nietzsche from the Nazis, highlights growing academic interest, and notes incorporation of new German critical editions and newly discovered material connected to Ecce Homo. It outlines specific areas revised in the text, clarifies interpretations of Nietzsche’s attitude toward Socrates, and contrasts Kaufman’s own views on Christianity with Nietzsche’s perspectives.","Nietzsche  \nThis page intentionally left blank  \nNietzsche  \nPHILOSOPHER , PSYCHOLOGIST , ANTICHRIST  \nBY WALTER KAUFMAN N  \nFourth Edition  \nPRINCETON , NEW JERSEY PRINCETON UNIVERSITY PRESS  \n1974  \nTO MY WIFE AND CHILDREN  \nHAZEL, DINAH, AND DAVID  \nCopyright 1950 © 1968, 1974 by Princeton University Press Published by Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey In the United Kingdom: Princeton University Press, Chichester, West Sussex  \nALL RIGHTSRESERVED  \nLCC 74-11763 ISBN 0-691-01983-5  \nThird Revised and Enlarged Edition, 1968  \nFourth Edition, 1974  \nFIRST PRINCETON PAPERBACK EDITION, 1974  \nThe author wishes to thank the Manuscript Division of the Princeton University Library for permission to reproduce the Nietzsche letter that appears on pages 470-472 and the Houghton Library at Harvard University for permission to reproduce the Nietzsche letter that appears on pages 476-479 The other two letters that are reproduced are from the author's own collection.  \n[http://pup.princeton.edu](http://pup.princeton.edu)  \nPREFACE TO THE FOURTH EDITION (1974)  \nSince the publication of the third edition, this book has come of age and is now about to enter upon its second quarter of a century. When I began to work on Nietzsche, he was in eclipse both in his native Germany and in the English-speaking world, and it seemed needful to dissociate him from the Nazis and to show that he had been a great philosopher. The book has succeeded on both counts, and now Nietzsche is studied more widely than ever before. Even in the United States, where few professors paid much serious attention to Nietzsche in the 1950s, the literature on him is growing. If the narrow departmentalism of our universities should decline further and give way to interdisciplinary studies of a high order, the number of really perceptive studies of Nietzsche would surely increase.  \nThe third edition of this book was very extensively revised and exceeded the original edition by more than a hundred pages. Meanwhile, the new German critical edition of Nietzsche's works has gathered momentum and requires some comments, as does the discovery of a page that Nietzsche asked his publisher to insert in Ecce Homo. All this will be found in a new section at the end of the Appendix (452ff.). Up to that point the pagination of the third edition has been retained. The references to this book in my translation, with commentary, of The Gay Science (1974) are therefore still in order. Part V of the Bibliography has been revised thoroughly, and Part VI (Works about Nietzsche) has been expanded. Because Nietzsche's relation to Dostoevsky is of special interest, a long article on this subject has been summarized briefly (see Miller).  \niv  NIETZSCHE: PHILOSOPHER, PSYCHOLOGIST, ANTICHRIST  \nThe requirement that every addition before page 452 had tobe balanced by an omission has made it difficult to make changes in the text. Nevertheless, revisions have been made on more than forty pages before 452, including ix, x, 68, 71 , 76, 97, 115, 133, 168, 172, 183, 185, 204, 313, 340, 391, 419, and 424. The following changes make some difference in the account given of Nietzsche's ideas: his critique of systems (79, 81) , the question whether hewasan atheist (100-102), his revaluation (111) , how one becomes what one is (159ff.), the discovery of the will to power (the role of hypothesis versus induction: 172, 183, 185, 204), master and slave morality and autonomy (297) , breeding (306), and the eternal recurrence (319, 322-25) . On 355 a slip has been corrected, and on 395 a couple of sentences have been inserted to call attention to two images in which I have long recognized self-portraits of Nietzsche: \"an 'artistic Socrates' \" and \"the Socrates who practices music.\" The old title of Chapter 13 seems to have led some writers to suppose that the chapter deals only with \"Nietzsche's Admiration for Socrates,\" while ignoring the passages that are sharply critical of Socrates. Those who have","cbCaiggmW7PWbwCs","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiggmW7PWbwCs","pdf",6371181,1,553,"English","en",105,"# Preface to the Fourth Edition (1974)\n## Revisions and scholarly context\n## Changes to interpretation, including Socrates\n# Preface to the Third Edition (1968)","[{\"question\":\"What motivated the author to revise and expand this edition of Nietzsche’s work?\",\"answer\":\"The author states that since the third edition the book has “come of age,” and that new scholarship—especially a new German critical edition and a discovered page connected to Ecce Homo—requires additional comments and revisions.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the preface address misconceptions about Nietzsche’s chapter on Socrates?\",\"answer\":\"The old chapter title led writers to think it focused only on Nietzsche’s admiration for Socrates. The author explains the chapter also includes passages sharply critical of Socrates and changes the title to “Nietzsche’s Attitude Toward Socrates.”\"},{\"question\":\"How does the author distinguish his own views from Nietzsche’s?\",\"answer\":\"The author says he avoids reading his ideas into Nietzsche and contrasts his own positions on Christianity and moral philosophy with Nietzsche’s views, while emphasizing that the present volume is devoted to Nietzsche.\"}]",1783378887,852,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":85,"head_meta":87,"extra_data":89,"updated_unix":27},"philosopher-psychologist-antichrist","",{"@graph":35,"@context":84},[36,52,67],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,46,49],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":11},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",{"item":47,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/literature/",3,{"item":50,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/philosopher-psychologist-antichrist/43233/",4,{"url":50,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":40,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-12","2026-07-06",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":11},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"What motivated the author to revise and expand this edition of Nietzsche’s work?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"The author states that since the third edition the book has “come of age,” and that new scholarship—especially a new German critical edition and a discovered page connected to Ecce Homo—requires additional comments and revisions.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"How does the preface address misconceptions about Nietzsche’s chapter on Socrates?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"The old chapter title led writers to think it focused only on Nietzsche’s admiration for Socrates. The author explains the chapter also includes passages sharply critical of Socrates and changes the title to “Nietzsche’s Attitude Toward Socrates.”",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"How does the author distinguish his own views from Nietzsche’s?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"The author says he avoids reading his ideas into Nietzsche and contrasts his own positions on Christianity and moral philosophy with Nietzsche’s views, while emphasizing that the present volume is devoted to Nietzsche.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":50,"og:type":86,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":57,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":88,"canonical":50},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":91},[92,96,99,103,108,113,118,123,128,131,135],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":98},80,"literature",{"id":51,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":100,"show_sort_weight":101,"slug":102},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":104,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":105,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":107},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":109,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":110,"show_sort_weight":111,"slug":112},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":114,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":115,"show_sort_weight":116,"slug":117},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":119,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":121,"slug":122},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":127},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":126,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":126,"slug":130},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":132,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":133,"show_sort_weight":132,"slug":134},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":136,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":137,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":138},19,"General","general"]