[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-665343-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-665343-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","phase-diagrams-chapter-10-solubility-and-cu-ni-alloy-phase-diagram","Phase Diagrams - Chapter 10 - Solubility and Cu-Ni Alloy Phase Diagram","","Phase diagrams explain equilibrium states in binary systems by linking temperature, composition, and the number, type, and proportions of coexisting phases. The material defines components versus phases, introduces the solubility limit and its dependence on temperature, and shows how changing temperature or overall composition moves the alloy among phase regions. Using the Cu-Ni system, rules demonstrate how T and composition Co determine which phases form, and tie-line intersections provide phase compositions in two-phase regions, enabling prediction of phase transformations during cooling.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/phase-diagrams-chapter-10-solubility-and-cu-ni-alloy-phase-diagram/665343/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/phase-diagrams-chapter-10-solubility-and-cu-ni-alloy-phase-diagram/665343.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"mieayamfan","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-29",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",6,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What are components and phases in the context of phase diagrams?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Components are the initially mixed elements or compounds, while phases are physically and chemically distinct regions that result in the material.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How does the solubility limit depend on temperature?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"The solubility limit increases with temperature; for example, the text notes that at about 99°C the solubility limit is roughly 80 wt%.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"How are phase compositions determined in a two-phase region of a Cu-Ni phase diagram?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"When two phases exist, a tie line (an isotherm) intersects phase boundary lines; those intersection points give the compositions of the corresponding phases (e.g., liquid and solid solutions).","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},665343,1793298842,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,105,110,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":111,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":80,"read_time":144},962090893677,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","CHAPTER 9: PHASE DIAGRAMS  \nISSUES TO ADDRESS...  \n• When we combine two elements...  \nwhat equilibrium state do we get?  \n• In particular, if we specify...--a composition (e.g. , wt%Cu-wt%Ni), and--a temperature (T)  \nthen...  \nHow many phases do we get?  \nWhat is the composition of each phase?  \nHow much of each phase do we get?  \nPhase A   \nPhase B  \nNickel atom  \nCopper atom  \nSome Definitions  \n• An alloy is a combination, either in solution or compound, of two or more components (elements), at least one of which is a metal.  \n• An alloy with two components is called a binary alloy; one with three is a ternary alloy; one with four is a quaternary alloy.  \n• The result is a material with properties different from those of its components.  \nThe microstructure ofFe-C alloy  \nCOMPONENTS AND PHASES  \n• Components:  \nThe elements or compounds which are mixed initially (e.g., Al and Cu)  \n• Phases:  \nThe physically and chemically distinct material regions that result (e.g., a and b) .  \nAluminumCopper Alloy  \nβ (lighter phase)  \nα (darker phase)  \nTHE SOLUBILITY LIMIT  \n• Solubility Limit:  \nMax concentration for which only a solution occurs (remember HUME ROTHERY RULES)  \n.  \nExample: Water – Sugar System  \nQuestion:  \nWhat is the solubility limit at 20C? Answer: 65wt% sugar.  \nIf Co \u003C 65wt% sugar: syrup  \nIf Co > 65wt% sugar: syrup + sugar.  \n100  \nTemperature (°C)  \n80  \n60  \n40  \n20  \nSolubility Limit   \n L  \n  L  (liquid)  \n(liquid solution  +   i.e. , syrup)  S  \n (solid  \n~~ ~~ sugar)  65   \n0 20 40 60 80 100  \nComposition (wt% sugar)  \nPure Water  \nPure Sugar  \n• Solubility limit increases with T: e.g. at T=99°C, solubility limit is ~ 80wt%  \nEFFECT ofT and COMPOSITION  \n• Changing T can change number of phases: path A to B.  \n• Changing Co can change number of phases: path B to D.  \nA(70, 20)  \n2 phases  \nWater-Sugar (C 12H22O 11)  \nsystem  \nB(100,70) D(100,90)  \n1 phase 2 phases  \nPhase Diagrams  \n• A phase diagram shows what phases are present and where the process boundaries are within the composition space.  \n• Equilibrium phase diagrams represents relations between temperature, pressure, compositions and quantities of phases at equilibrium.  \n• Phase diagrams allows to predict phase transformations which occur during temperature change (e.g. upon cooling) .  \nThe following type of binary (contains only two component) systems will be discussed below:  \n-complete solubility: isomorphous  \n-eutectic  \n-with intermediate phases or compounds  \n-involving eutectoid and peritectic reactions  \nSpecial attentions will be paid on the iron-iron carbide system  \nBinary Isomorphous Systems  \n• Isomporhous system is characterized by complete liquid and solid solubility of the components  \n• For this course:--binary systems: just 2 components.  \n--independent variables: T and Co (P = 1atm is always used) .  \n• Phase Diagram for Cu-Ni system  \nT(°C) 1600  \n1500  \n14001300  \n12001100  \n10000  \nPhase boundaries: liquidus and solidus lines  \n• C –L (homogeneous liquid solution)  \n• B- α and L  \n• A- α (FCC solid solution)  \n20 40 60 80 100wt% Ni  \n• C  \nL (liquid)  \n• B  \nα (FCC solid solution)  \n• A  \nliquidus  \nsolidus  \nL + α  \nPHASE DIAGRAMS:  \nNumber and Types of Phases Present  \n• Rule 1: If we know T and Co, then we know:  \n-the number and types of phases present.  \n•  Examples:  \nA(1100 ° C, 60 wt%):  \n1 phase: α  \nB (1250, 35):  \n2 phases: L +α  \n1600  \n1500  \n1400  \n1300  \n1200  \n1100  \n1000  \nT(°C)  \nL (liquid)  \n0 20 40 60 80 100  \nCu-Ni phase diagram  \nwt% Ni  \nPHASE DIAGRAMS:  \nComposition of Phases  \n• Rule 2: If we know T and Co, then we know: the composition of each phase  \n•  Examples:  \nCO== 35wt%Ni  \n• at TC=1350 C, only one, Liquid phase exists with composition:  \n35 wt % Ni – 65 % Cu  \nT(°C)  \n• at TA=1175 C, again only one, solid phase exists with composition:  \n35 wt % Ni – 65 % Cu  \nCu-Ni system  \nTC  \n1300  \nTB  \n1200  \nTA  \n\n|  |\n| --- |\n| \u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>L + α \u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>liquidus\u003Cbr>L + α solidus |\n\n20 30 CL Co 40 Cα","cbCaiswcjA6M3BIr","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiswcjA6M3BIr","pdf",3618071,41,"English","# Components and Phases\n## The Solubility Limit\n## Effect of T and Composition\n# Phase Diagrams: Number and Types of Phases Present\n# Phase Diagrams: Composition of Phases\n## Cu-Ni Phase Diagram Examples","[{\"question\":\"What are components and phases in the context of phase diagrams?\",\"answer\":\"Components are the initially mixed elements or compounds, while phases are physically and chemically distinct regions that result in the material.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the solubility limit depend on temperature?\",\"answer\":\"The solubility limit increases with temperature; for example, the text notes that at about 99°C the solubility limit is roughly 80 wt%.\"},{\"question\":\"How are phase compositions determined in a two-phase region of a Cu-Ni phase diagram?\",\"answer\":\"When two phases exist, a tie line (an isotherm) intersects phase boundary lines; those intersection points give the compositions of the corresponding phases (e.g., liquid and solid solutions).\"}]","Phase Diagrams - Chapter 10 - Solubility and Cu-Ni Alloy Phase Diagram | PDF",103]