[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-105314-en":3,"doc-seo-105314-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":92},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},105314,3848291630094,"Emma Wilson","https://eur-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45",19,"General","PESTS AND THEIR CONTROL MEASURES","This document outlines common pests affecting tree seedlings in nurseries and provides effective control measures. It details strategies for managing ants, termites, cutworms, beetles, and caterpillars. For ants and termites, the recommended approach includes applying wood ash from bitter trees and maintaining a clean seedbed free from obstructions and weeds. Cutworms are to be dug up and destroyed. Beetles should be handpicked and killed. Caterpillars require treatment with a specific liquid solution derived from tephrosia, involving soaking the plant material overnight and then spraying the filtered solution. This caterpillar treatment should be repeated two to three times per week for optimal results. The document emphasizes the importance of pest and disease control in ensuring the healthy growth and development of tree seedlings within a nursery environment.","Agriculture for Standard Six-Unit 27  \nTREE NURSERY MANAGEMENT  \nEnglish Agriculture  \nAgriculture for Standard Six-Unit 27 TREE NURSERY MANAGEMENT  \nEnglish Zomba, Southern , Malawi  \nCopyright © 2025, Knowledge & Information for Successful Society  \n[http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)  \nYou are free to make commercial use of this work. You may adapt and add to this work. You must keep the copyright and credits for authors , illustrators , etc.  \nTREE NURSERY MANAGEMENT  \nTree nursery management involves a number of activities.  \nThese activities include watering, weeding, thinning, pest and disease control and hardening off seedlings.  \nWatering  \nWater seedbeds in the morning and late in the afternoon every day until the seedlings are 4 weeks old. Avoid watering at midday when evaporation is at its highest. Avoid under-watering because it will result into wilting. Start hardening off in the fourth week by watering once in the morning only.  \nWeeding  \nWeeding is necessary to reduce competition for nutrients, water, light and space. It also reduces the incidence of pests and diseases. Hand weeding is recommended to avoid damaging the roots. It is necessary to make the soil loose using a small sharp stick.  \nThinning  \nThis can be done when there are too many seedlings in the furrow (drills) . Seedlings which are very overcrowded grow thin, and tall and heavily compete for space, sunlight and water.  \nControlling pests and diseases  \nSeedlings have to be protected from diseases and pests. Some pests of tree seedlings are ants, termites, cutworms, beetles and caterpillars.","cbCairGXPLf0IPKV","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairGXPLf0IPKV","pdf",81530,4,1,15,"English","en",105,"# PESTS\n## PESTS AND THEIR CONTROL MEASURES\n### Pest\n### Control","[{\"question\":\"What are the recommended control measures for ants and termites in a tree nursery?\",\"answer\":\"To control ants and termites, applying wood ash from bitter trees is recommended. Additionally, keeping the seedbeds free from sticks and weeds helps in management.\"},{\"question\":\"How should cutworms be managed in a tree nursery setting?\",\"answer\":\"The control measure for cutworms involves digging them up and destroying them to prevent further damage to seedlings.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the method for controlling caterpillars on tree seedlings?\",\"answer\":\"Caterpillars can be controlled by spraying with a liquid solution made from tephrosia. This involves soaking 2 kg of crushed tephrosia in a pail overnight, then spraying the filtered solution the following day, repeating the application 2 to 3 times per week.\"}]","PESTS AND THEIR CONTROL MEASURES | PDF",1784421312,23,{"code":4,"msg":32,"data":33},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":34,"title":13,"keywords":35,"description":14,"schema_data":36,"social_meta":87,"head_meta":89,"extra_data":91,"updated_unix":29},"pests-and-their-control-measures","",{"@graph":37,"@context":86},[38,54,69],{"@type":39,"itemListElement":40},"BreadcrumbList",[41,45,49,52],{"item":42,"name":43,"@type":44,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":46,"name":47,"@type":44,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":50,"name":12,"@type":44,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/general/",3,{"item":53,"name":13,"@type":44,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/pests-and-their-control-measures/105314/",{"url":53,"name":13,"@type":55,"author":56,"headline":13,"publisher":58,"fileFormat":61,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":62,"datePublished":63,"encodingFormat":61,"isAccessibleForFree":64,"interactionStatistic":65},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":57},"Person",{"url":42,"name":59,"@type":60},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-30","2026-07-19",true,{"@type":66,"interactionType":67,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":68},"ViewAction",{"@type":70,"mainEntity":71},"FAQPage",[72,78,82],{"name":73,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":75},"What are the recommended control measures for ants and termites in a tree nursery?","Question",{"text":76,"@type":77},"To control ants and termites, applying wood ash from bitter trees is recommended. Additionally, keeping the seedbeds free from sticks and weeds helps in management.","Answer",{"name":79,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":80},"How should cutworms be managed in a tree nursery setting?",{"text":81,"@type":77},"The control measure for cutworms involves digging them up and destroying them to prevent further damage to seedlings.",{"name":83,"@type":74,"acceptedAnswer":84},"What is the method for controlling caterpillars on tree seedlings?",{"text":85,"@type":77},"Caterpillars can be controlled by spraying with a liquid solution made from tephrosia. This involves soaking 2 kg of crushed tephrosia in a pail overnight, then spraying the filtered solution the following day, repeating the application 2 to 3 times per week.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":53,"og:type":88,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":59,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":90,"canonical":53},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":93},[94,98,102,106,111,116,121,126,131,134,138],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":95,"show_sort_weight":96,"slug":97},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":48,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":99,"show_sort_weight":100,"slug":101},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":113,"show_sort_weight":114,"slug":115},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":118,"show_sort_weight":119,"slug":120},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":122,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":123,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":125},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":129,"slug":130},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":129,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":132,"show_sort_weight":129,"slug":133},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":135,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":136,"show_sort_weight":135,"slug":137},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":139},"general"]