[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-562772-105":59,"doc-detail-562772-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","perpetual-motion-machine-powering-pacemakers-with-energy-harvesting","Perpetual motion machine? - Powering pacemakers with energy harvesting","","Explores experimental biomedical power and in-body electronics, starting with a “perpetual motion” idea: piezoelectric energy harvested from human heartbeats to recharge batteries for electronic pacemakers. Summarizes University of Michigan research suggesting this patient-powered approach could reduce replacement surgeries, and extends the concept to other implantable cardiac devices. The article then surveys additional developments such as body-based secure low-power communications, in-body bio-batteries, and broader device applications requiring efficient long-lasting power.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":30,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/technology/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/perpetual-motion-machine-powering-pacemakers-with-energy-harvesting/562772/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/perpetual-motion-machine-powering-pacemakers-with-energy-harvesting/562772.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"hdkawk","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-19","2026-10-12",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":8},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How does the proposed heartbeat-powered pacemaker generate electricity?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It uses piezoelectricity: mechanical energy from heartbeats produces electrical charge that recharges the pacemaker battery.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Why might this approach reduce the need for pacemaker replacement operations?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The research claims the energy harvester generates more power than modern pacemakers require, potentially extending battery life and avoiding frequent battery replacements.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What other body-related technologies are discussed besides energy harvesting for pacemakers?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The text covers BodyCom, a secure low-power communication method using the human body as a channel, and describes organic bio-batteries with in-body potential for powering implantable devices.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},562772,1792413702,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":29,"category_name":30,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":8,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":8,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":81},3985747859855,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","# Perpetual motion machine?\n\nA development under examination inthe US is to use power generated bythe heart itself to recharge batteriesusing piezoelectricity -an electricalcharge generated mechanically.Thisis a particularly benign use of energyharvesting,a technology we havediscussed many times in this column.This application,in which humanheartbeats generate electricity torecharge the battery of the electronicpacemaker,might appear to beperpetual motion,but of course this isnot the case.Pacemakers require onlysmall amounts of power to generate theelectrical impulses that help the heartmaintain a normal heartbeat,and theenergy harvester actually generatesmore than ten times the power requiredby modern pacemakers.  \nThe research at the University ofMichigan is led by Dr Amin Karami,who said his team's findings suggestthis kind of patient-power couldeliminate the need for replacementswhen batteries are spent.'Many of thepatients are children who live withpacemakers for many years.You canimagine how many operations theyare spared if this new technology isimplemented,'he stated.He addedthat piezoelectricity might power otherimplantable cardiac devices such asdefibrillators,which also have minimalenergy needs.  \nHowever,piezoelectricity is notthe only solution under examination,especially for body devices that needgreater power.For these,the bestsolution seems to be miniaturisedbiofuel cells consuming substances  \nFrom intra-bodyexperiences  \nMark Nelson  \nMany people 'have had an out-of-body experience',a feeling of extra-corporeal floating.Thesensation may arise from psychological factors,intoxication or even electrical stimulation ofthe brain.Now researchers are finding applications for electronics within the human body.There's no Frankensteinian involvement,but Mark cannot help feeling a slight queasiness.  \nN-BODY electronics are notnew.Experiments with artificialpacemakers date back to 1899,although all the early trials usedexternal devices.The first clinicalimplant was in 1958 in Sweden.Although the device failed after threehours,the patient,Arne Larsson,wenton to receive 26 different pacemakersduring his lifetime,dying at the age of86 and outliving the inventor as well asthe surgeon.Excellent as these devicesare,they require electrical power andpatients face regular operations (atfive to seven-year intervals)to replaceworn-out batteries.For this reason,a longer-lasting power source forpacemakers would be welcome news.  \nnaturally occurring in the human bodyor in its direct environment.  \n# Spoof story?\n\nYou could be forgiven for assuminglast month's news story about usingthe human body as a comms channelwas an April Fool's joke,but in factthis announcement was made inFebruary.That was when Arizona-based Microchip Technology revealedits BodyCom technology-the first inthe world to employ the human bodyas a secure,low-power communicationchannel.The company describes itas providing short-range,low data-rate communication for connectingsecurely to a wide range of wirelessapplications.According to Microchip,when compared to other wirelesstechnologies,   BodyCom offerslower active and standby energyusage,increased security throughbidirectional authentication,  andsimpler circuit-level designs.  \n# Bio-batteries are here\n\nOr rather not here,but in Poland.Researchers from the Institute of PhysicalChemistry in Warsaw have created anorganic bio-battery that has direct in-body potential.What's more,it promisescomparatively high voltage and longuseful life (relative to other biofuel cellsat least).It uses oxygen from the air,plus acathode composed of an enzyme,carbonnanotubes and silicate.It's by no means acompetitor for the batteries that you andI use for cellphones or torches,but forpowering internal body implants such asheart pacemakers it offers considerablepromise.  \nOf course,organic bio-batteries arenot new,as the Institute's Dr MartinJönsson-Niedziółka,reminds us.'Oneof the most popular experiments inelectrochemistry is to make","cbCaicaKRe8gLG3D","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicaKRe8gLG3D","pdf",978236,"English","# Perpetual motion machine?\n## Heartbeat-powered pacemakers and energy harvesting\n# Spoof story?\n## BodyCom secure body communication\n# Bio-batteries are here\n## In-body bio-battery concepts\n# Nothing noxious\n## Growing body-function device ambitions","[{\"question\":\"How does the proposed heartbeat-powered pacemaker generate electricity?\",\"answer\":\"It uses piezoelectricity: mechanical energy from heartbeats produces electrical charge that recharges the pacemaker battery.\"},{\"question\":\"Why might this approach reduce the need for pacemaker replacement operations?\",\"answer\":\"The research claims the energy harvester generates more power than modern pacemakers require, potentially extending battery life and avoiding frequent battery replacements.\"},{\"question\":\"What other body-related technologies are discussed besides energy harvesting for pacemakers?\",\"answer\":\"The text covers BodyCom, a secure low-power communication method using the human body as a channel, and describes organic bio-batteries with in-body potential for powering implantable devices.\"}]","Perpetual motion machine? - Powering pacemakers with energy harvesting | PDF",1791809705]