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Using visual analysis, the study traces shifting portrayals of femininity, masculinity, cross-gender acting, and androgyny across ukiyo-e and manga. By organizing the discussion into thematic and historical sections, it links image conventions, subject positions, and cultural contexts to changing ideals of the body, desire, and social roles.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/perfection-and-performativity-in-print-visual-analyses-of-gender-and-sexuality-portrayals-in-popular-japanese-graphic-arts-since-the-17th-century-thesis/155420/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/perfection-and-performativity-in-print-visual-analyses-of-gender-and-sexuality-portrayals-in-popular-japanese-graphic-arts-since-the-17th-century-thesis/155420.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Valentina","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-06","2026-08-28",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":52},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main focus of the thesis?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The thesis focuses on visual analyses of how gender and sexuality are portrayed and performed in popular Japanese graphic arts from the seventeenth century onward.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"Which art forms does the study analyze?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study analyzes ukiyo-e and manga, including related historical contexts and artistic productions across multiple periods.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the thesis structure its argument?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It organizes the material into sections centered on the female body, cross-gender acting, and masculine beauty, supported by case studies and thematic chapters.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},155420,1787911901,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":52,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":144},13056703020460,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/be000253dac470eee5d?_k=1778207105932848923","Perfection and Performativity in Print: Visual Analyses of Gender and Sexuality Portrayals in Popular Japanese Graphic Arts since the 17th Century  \nJennifer Louise Lynch  \nA thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Liverpool John Moores University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy  \nJuly 2022  \nContents  \nList of Illustrations p. iv  \nAbstract p. ix  \nDeclaration p. x  \nAcknowledgements p. xi  \nNotes on Conventions p. xiii  \nIntroduction p. 1  \nChapter One: Literature Review p. 29  \nChapter Two: Research Methodologies p. 60  \nPart One: The Female Body in Japanese Graphic Arts p. 77  \nChapter Three: Passivity and the Female Body p. 82  \nYoshiwara and ‘Morality’ Overview p. 83  \nWomen as Subject: Symbolism in Ukiyo-e p. 89  \nStandardisation of Feminine Depictions in Ukiyo-e p. 95  \nCase Study: Three Beauties of the Present Day p. 105  \nChapter Four: The Birth of Shōjo p. 116  \nGrowth of Shōjo Culture p. 117  \nWomen as Consumer: Development of Shōjo in Illustration p. 119  \nWomen as Creator: Evolution of Shōjo Manga p. 127  \nCase Study: Kaguyahime p. 134  \nChapter Five: “Adult” Themes and Graphic Arts p. 142  \nLadies’Comics p. 143  \nFemme Fatale? ‘Active’ versus ‘Passive’ Portrayals p. 149  \nFemale Same-Sex Themes p. 157  \nCase Study: Ōoku p. 165  \nPart Two: Cross-Gender Acting in Japanese Graphic Arts p. 176  \nChapter Six: Gender, Performance and Ukiyo-e p. 177  \nOrigins and Development of Kabuki p. 179  \nOnnagata: An Idealised Vision of Femininity? p. 185  \nOnnagata in Ukiyo-e p. 193  \nCase Study: Segawa Kikunojō p. 200  \nChapter Seven: “Femininity” and Androgyny p. 213  \nTakarazuka: Rise of the Otokoyaku p. 214  \nFemale Cross Dressing and links to Manga p. 220  \nRoles of Cross-gender Acting in Manga p. 222  \nCase Study: The Rose of Versailles p. 226  \nChapter Eight: ‘Hidden’ Gender: Acting in Print p. 237  \n‘Men’ Acting as ‘Women’ Acting as ‘Men’ p. 237  \nMistaken Identity as a Visual Trope p. 245  \nVisual Signifiers and Codes in a Singular Character p. 248  \nCase Study: Grelle Sutcliffe p. 256  \nPart Three: Masculine Beauty in Japanese Graphic Arts p. 265  \nChapter Nine: “Masculinity” in Androgyny p. 271  \nRole of Wakashu in the Tokugawa Period p. 274  \nWakashu in Ukiyo-e p. 276  \nWakashu and Erotica p. 279  \nCase study: Geese Descending on the koto bridges p. 285  \nChapter Ten: “Beautiful Boys”/”Beautiful Men” p. 292  \nBeginnings ofBishōnen in Manga p. 294  \n‘Boys’ Love’ p. 299  \n‘Bishōnen’ Beyond the Shōjo Sphere p. 306  \nCase Study: Yoshida Shōin p. 312  \nChapter Eleven: Hypermasculinity and Manga p. 321  \nBlurring the Lines: ‘Male’Characters for Men & Women p. 322  \nIdeals in Shōnen Manga p. 326  \nErotic Manga for Gay Men p. 333  \nCase Study: Kandagawa-kun p. 342  \nConclusion p. 351  \nBibliography & Videography p. 358  \nAppendix One: Artistic Productions: Ukiyo-e & Manga p. 398  \nAppendix Two: Historical Contexts: Tokugawa & Meiji p. 402  \nAppendix Three: Nengō: Japanese Chronology p. 408  \nAppendix Four: Translations, Exhibitions, Collections, Online Images  \nManga, Art Books, Additional Exhibition Catalogues & Podcasts p. 418  \nAppendix Five: Professional Engagement p. 431  \nIllustration Plates p. 434  \nList of Illustrations  \nFigure 1 Kikugawa Eizan ‘Courtesan Reading a Letter’ c.1810-20 Vertical Ōban  \nDiptych as hanging scroll National Museum Scotland  \nFigure 2 Torii Kiyonaga The Courtesan Wakakusa of the Chōjiya Brothel, and Attendants Asano and Midori, From the series A Pattern Book ofthe Year’s First Designs, Fresh as Spring Herbs c.1783 Nishiki-e  \n38.1 x 25.7 cm Metropolitan Museum of Art  \nFigure 3 Hishikawa Moronobu (Attributed) A Parade of Courtesans c.1690  \nSumizuri-e; 31 x 68 cm Art Institute Chicago  \nFigure 4 Katsushika Hokunn Courtesan Promenading Under Cherry Blossoms  \nc.1815-19 Hanging Scroll [in Allen, 2015, p.132/3]  \nFigure 5 Utagawa Kunisada Courtesans with Kamuro Date Unknown Nishiki-e  \nTriptych: 36.4 x 77 cm Harvard Art Museums  \nFigure 6 Torii Kiyonaga Courtesans V","cbCaidyQtz2Mb2wz","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidyQtz2Mb2wz","pdf",5414077,494,"English","# Introduction\n# Literature Review\n# Research Methodologies\n# The Female Body in Japanese Graphic Arts\n## Passivity and the Female Body\n## The Birth of Shōjo\n## “Adult” Themes and Graphic Arts\n# Cross-Gender Acting in Japanese Graphic Arts\n## Gender, Performance and Ukiyo-e\n## “Femininity” and Androgyny\n## ‘Hidden’ Gender: Acting in Print\n# Masculine Beauty in Japanese Graphic Arts\n## “Masculinity” in Androgyny\n## “Beautiful Boys”/“Beautiful Men”\n## Hypermasculinity and Manga\n# Conclusion\n# Bibliography & Videography\n# Appendices","[{\"question\":\"What is the main focus of the thesis?\",\"answer\":\"The thesis focuses on visual analyses of how gender and sexuality are portrayed and performed in popular Japanese graphic arts from the seventeenth century onward.\"},{\"question\":\"Which art forms does the study analyze?\",\"answer\":\"The study analyzes ukiyo-e and manga, including related historical contexts and artistic productions across multiple periods.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the thesis structure its argument?\",\"answer\":\"It organizes the material into sections centered on the female body, cross-gender acting, and masculine beauty, supported by case studies and thematic chapters.\"}]","Perfection and Performativity in Print - Visual Analyses of Gender and Sexuality Portrayals in Popular Japanese Graphic Arts since the 17th Century - Thesis | PDF",1245]