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Digital citizenship is framed as a values-based practice shaped by the use of social media tools and digital technologies, enabling civic activity grounded in social responsibility, informed critical thinking, and activism. A questionnaire was administered online to 175 adult women selected by convenience. Results show a positive relationship with digital technologies, moderate empowerment in autonomy, attitude, and digital competence, and limited civic participation, revealing two distinct profiles and highlighting the need to reduce the digital divide via educational policies.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/perceptions-of-prospective-teachers-on-the-effect-of-distance-learning-on-digital-citizenship-skills/601572/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/perceptions-of-prospective-teachers-on-the-effect-of-distance-learning-on-digital-citizenship-skills/601572.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"anakgang17","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-02","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What concept of digital citizenship is used in the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Digital citizenship is described as a values-based practice supported by the use of social media and digital technologies, linked to civic activity through social responsibility, informed critical thinking, and activism.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the research conducted and with whom?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"An online questionnaire was administered to 175 adult women selected by convenience.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What do the findings indicate about women’s digital competence and civic participation?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The results indicate a positive relationship with digital technologies, moderate empowerment in autonomy, attitude, and digital competence, and low civic participation, with younger women showing higher participation than older women.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},601572,1792852493,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":56,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},962090883568,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","Perceptions of prospective teachers on the effect of distance learning on digital citizenship skills (example  \nof Türkiye and Spain)  \nHakan Ongoren 1, * , Jorge Burgueño-López2  \n1Ministry of Interior, Turkey, [ongorenhkn@gmail.com](ongorenhkn@gmail.com), ORCID number: [https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3142-8184](https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3142-8184)  \n2Comillas Pontifical University, Spain, [jburgueno@comillas.edu](jburgueno@comillas.edu), ORCID number: [https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6024-9500](https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6024-9500)  \nRESUMEN  \nLa ciudadanía digital es una praxis basada en valores personales y el uso de las herramientas que ofrecen redes sociales y tecnologías digitales. Constituye también un contexto para la actividad cívica, en el que se fusionan la responsabilidad social, el pensamiento informado y crítico y el activismo. Esta investigación tuvo por objetivo identificar perfiles de participación de las mujeres en entornos digitales. Se aplicó un cuestionario on-line a 175 mujeres mayores de edad seleccionadas por conveniencia. Los resultadosindican que las mujeres mantienen una relación positiva con las tecnologías digitales; revelan unempoderamiento moderado en términos de autonomía, actitud y competencia digital, y evidencian pocaparticipación ciudadana. Además emergieron dos perfiles de participación ciudadana. Las mujeres másjóvenes muestran una mayor participación, presentando más afinidad con las tecnologías y másempoderamiento digital. En contraste, el perfil de menor participación ciudadana lo conforman mujeres de mayor edad, con una relación más limitada con las tecnologías y sensación de inseguridad digital. Ello indica la necesidad de seguir trabajando para superar la brecha digital, desarrollando políticas educativas que fomenten las competencias digitales necesarias en el ejercicio cívico y democrático de la ciudadanía.  \nPALABRAS CLAVE: Ciudadanía digital, competencia digital, mujer, tecnología digital, compromiso cívico.  \n1 INTRODUCTION  \nAs a result of the measures taken to protect against the global spread of the Covid-19 pandemic, face-toface education was suspended in many countries around the world and distance learning was introduced (Yamamato & Altun, 2020) . In 2019, approximately 770 million students around the world had to interrupt their face-to-face education to protect themselves from the pandemic. Although distance education has a historical background, the rapid acceleration of distance education on a global scale has reawakened its importance (Zhong et al. , 2020) . The term 'distance education' was first used in the catalogue of the University of Wisconsin in 1892 in an article written by William Lighty in 1906 (Gunawardena & McIsaac, 2013) . In England, distance education began as a correspondence course at the University of London. In 1830, the correspondence system was developed for students who wished to complete their university education from outside the country, and was later used extensively by telephone, computer and video. In 1969, the first institutional adult education programmes were established for those who could not continue their higher education in formal education at the Open University established in England, and distance education was taught (Altun et al. , 2008) .  \n1.1 Distance learning  \nDistance learning and digital education platforms offer a great opportunity for students and educators. They allow students to access their courses whenever and wherever they want and to progress at their own pace. In addition, students can be supported with a variety of learning materials and interactive activities thanks to various online resources and distance learning tools. In addition, distance learning and digital education platforms offer students flexibility and agility. These platforms allow students to receive their education independently of the traditional classroom environment (Eken et al. , 2020) . However, distance learning also  \nfaces some challenges. O","cbCairaOxhb2FE6Q","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairaOxhb2FE6Q","pdf",233767,"English","# Introduction\n## Distance learning\n## Processes that Accelerate Distance Education","[{\"question\":\"What concept of digital citizenship is used in the study?\",\"answer\":\"Digital citizenship is described as a values-based practice supported by the use of social media and digital technologies, linked to civic activity through social responsibility, informed critical thinking, and activism.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the research conducted and with whom?\",\"answer\":\"An online questionnaire was administered to 175 adult women selected by convenience.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the findings indicate about women’s digital competence and civic participation?\",\"answer\":\"The results indicate a positive relationship with digital technologies, moderate empowerment in autonomy, attitude, and digital competence, and low civic participation, with younger women showing higher participation than older women.\"}]","Perceptions of Prospective Teachers on the Effect of Distance Learning on Digital Citizenship Skills | PDF",1792092883,48]