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It also tests whether the ease of understanding these measures relates to students’ perceived effectiveness. Survey data from 546 students were analyzed. Students ranked total disease cases as most effective, then risk ratio, percentage of disease cases, lifetime risk ratios, and lethality, with ease-based ordering closely mirroring perceived effectiveness.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/perceived-effectiveness-among-college-students-of-selected-statistical-measures-in-motivating-exercise-behavior/592167/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/perceived-effectiveness-among-college-students-of-selected-statistical-measures-in-motivating-exercise-behavior/592167.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Grenda","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-05","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main purpose of the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To assess which selected statistical measures are most effective at motivating or maintaining regular exercise among college students.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were the analyses conducted?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"The study used cross-sectional survey data from 546 college students and compared perceived effectiveness and ease of understanding across statistical measures.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which statistical measure did students consider most effective?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Students identified the total number of disease cases as the most effective measure for motivating behavior change.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},592167,1792528248,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46,"preview_page_count":4},7971474921005,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_29158cc5080c5b710cf443261637dec0","Perceived Effectiveness among College Students of Selected Statistical Measures in Motivating Exercise Behavior  \nRay M. Merrill, Amanda Chatterley andEric C. Shields  \nABSTRACT  \nThis study explored the effectiveness of selected statistical measures at motivating or maintaining regular exercise among college students. The study also considered whether ease in understanding these statistical measures was associated with perceived effectiveness at motivating or maintaining regular exercise. Analyses were based on across-sectional survey of 546 students. Students identified the total number of disease cases as the most effective measure for motivating behavior change, followed by the risk ratio of developing disease, percentage of disease cases, ratio lifetime risk of developing disease, percentage lifetime risk of developing disease, and then lethality. The ordering of these statistical measures in terms of ease in understanding was total number of disease cases, risk ratio, percentage of disease cases, ratio lifetime risk, lethality, and finally percentage lifetime risk. Students who identified total number of disease cases as the best statistical measure for motivating behavior change were also significantly more likely to identify that measure as the easiest, of those considered, to understand. Likewise, students tended to consider the statistical measure they perceived as being easiest to understand as the best measure for motivating behavior change.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nStatistical measures that characterize the risk or burden of disease and healthrelated events are pervasive in scientific literature and the media/popular press.1-3 Public health practitioners commonly use statistical measures as part of their health message. Through effective health communication, individuals can make informed health behavior choices based on the facts. Yet among the many statistical measures available to health educators (e.g., means, counts and rates), it remains unclear how effective they are at motivating behavior change. Despite the extensive use of health statistics, few formal studies have been conducted to determine the effectiveness of these health statistics in motivating behavior change.  \nMany behavior change models are based  \non the belief that knowledge itself is not a motivating factor in changing problem behaviors. This is a widely accepted premise in health behavior change theory.4 According to the cognitive-motivational Health Belief Model, behavior change requires a rational decision-making process that considers perceived susceptibility to illness, perceived consequences or seriousness of the illness, belief that recommended action is appropriate or efficacious to reduce risk, and belief that the benefits of action outweigh the costs.5-7 For example, an individual may be aware of potential adverse health outcomes associated with physical inactivity, such as obesity, cardiovascular disease and cancer, but unless these health outcomes are perceived tobe personally threatening and serious, the potential benefits from becoming physically active  \nmay not outweigh the perceived costs of this behavior.  \nSocial marketing is a consumer-oriented approach that attempts to develop effective interventions from consumer inputs. In the context of exercise among college students, for example, it seems reasonable that the students would be best able to identify the  \nRay M. Merrill, PhD, MPH, MS, is associate professor, Department of Health Science, Brigham Young University, 229-A Richards Building, Provo, Utah 84602; E-mail: [Ray_Merrill@byu.edu. Amanda](Ray_Merrill@byu.edu. Amanda) Chatterley, MPH, andEric C. Shields, BS, are with the Department of Health Science, 221 Richards Building, College of Health and Human Performance, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah, 84602.  \n94 American Journal of Health Education—March/April 2005, Volume 36, No. 2  \nRay M. Merrill, Amanda Chatterley andEric C. Shields  \nfactors that would motivate them","cbCaidNIEOBGVTut","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaidNIEOBGVTut","pdf",133202,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To assess which selected statistical measures are most effective at motivating or maintaining regular exercise among college students.\"},{\"question\":\"How were the analyses conducted?\",\"answer\":\"The study used cross-sectional survey data from 546 college students and compared perceived effectiveness and ease of understanding across statistical measures.\"},{\"question\":\"Which statistical measure did students consider most effective?\",\"answer\":\"Students identified the total number of disease cases as the most effective measure for motivating behavior change.\"}]","Perceived Effectiveness among College Students of Selected Statistical Measures in Motivating Exercise Behavior | PDF",1792073997]