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Includes a note on sleeping patients having lower pulse values and an infant/young-child blood pressure substitution using central pulse presence. Provides the CUPS assessment framework for emergency triage, classifying patients as Critical, Unstable, Potentially unstable, or Stable with recommended actions and examples. Also outlines developmental interaction strategies by age group.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/pediatric-assessment-tables-pediatric-vitals-and-cups-evaluation/366798/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/pediatric-assessment-tables-pediatric-vitals-and-cups-evaluation/366798.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Ivy","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-23",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",13,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What are the typical pediatric respiratory rate ranges by age?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Infant (birth–1 year) is 30–60 breaths per minute; toddler (1–3 years) 24–40; preschooler (3–6 years) 22–34; school-age (6–12 years) 18–30; adolescent (12–18 years) 12–16.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How should pulse rates and blood pressure be interpreted in infants and sleeping children?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Pulse rates for a child sleeping may be about 10% lower than the listed low rate. For infants and children aged three years or younger, a strong central pulse should be substituted for a blood pressure reading.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"How does the CUPS assessment categorize pediatric patients and determine actions?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Critical involves absent airway, breathing, or circulation and requires rapid initial interventions plus simultaneous transport; Unstable involves compromised ABC with altered mental status with the same rapid approach. Potentially unstable has normal ABC and mental status but significant mechanism, requiring prompt transport and focused history/exam if time allows. Stable has normal ABC and mental status with no significant mechanism, allowing detailed history and physical exam with routine transport.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},366798,1790436365,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":19,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":52},549758252649,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/8000253669c5317157?_k=1778319167496531819","| Pediatric Respiratory Rates |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Age | Rate (breaths per minute) |\n| Infant (birth–1 year) | 30–60 |\n| Toddler (1–3 years) | 24–40 |\n| Preschooler (3–6 years) | 22–34 |\n| School-age (6–12 years) | 18–30 |\n| Adolescent (12–18 years) | 12–16 |\n\n\n| Pediatric Pulse Rates |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Age | Low | High |\n| Infant (birth–1 year) | 100 | 160 |\n| Toddler (1–3 years) | 90 | 150 |\n| Preschooler (3–6 years) | 80 | 140 |\n| School-age (6–12 years) | 70 | 120 |\n| Adolescent (12–18 years) | 60 | 100 |\n\nPulse rates for a child who is sleeping may be 10 percent lower than the low rate listed.  \n\n| Low-Normal Pediatric Systolic Blood Pressure |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Age * | Low Normal |\n| Infant (birth–1 year) | greater than 60* |\n| Toddler (1–3 years) | greater than 70* |\n| Preschooler (3–6 years) | greater than 75 |\n| School-age (6–12 years) | greater than 80 |\n| Adolescent (12–18 years) | greater than 90 |\n\n*Note: In infants and children aged three years or younger, the presence of a strong central pulse should be substituted for a blood pressure reading.  \n\n| Pediatric CUPS Assessment |  |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| Category | Assessment | Actions | Example |\n| Critical | Absent airway, breathing, or circulation | Perform rapid initial interventions and transport simultaneously | Severe traumatic injury with respiratory arrest or cardiac arrest |\n| Unstable | Compromised airway, breathing, or circulation with altered mental status | Perform rapid initial interventions and transport simultaneously | Significant injury with respiratory distress, active bleeding, shock; near-drowning; unresponsiveness |\n| Potentially unstable | Normal airway, breathing, circulation, and mental status BUT significant mechanism of injury or illness | Perform initial assessment with interventions; transport promptly; do focused history and physical exam during transport if time allows | Minor fractures; pedestrian struck by car but with good appearance and normal initial assessment; infant younger than three months with fever |\n| Stable | Normal airway, breathing, circulation, and mental status; no significant mechanism of injury or illness | Perform initial assessment with interventions; do focused history and detailed physical exam; routine transport | Small lacerations, abrasions, orecchymoses; infant older than three months with fever |\n\nBased on CUPS Assessment Table © 1997 N. D. Sanddal, et al. Critical Trauma Care by the Basic EMT, 4th ed.  \n\n| Developmental Aspects of Pediatric Patients |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Age * | Keys to Successful Interaction | Characteristics |\n| Newborn\u003Cbr>(birth to 1 month) | Likes to be held and kept warm\u003Cbr>May be soothed by having something tosuck on\u003Cbr>Avoid loud noises, bright lights | Normally alert, looking around Focuses well on faces Flexed extremities |\n| Infant\u003Cbr>(1–12 months) | Likes to be held\u003Cbr>Parents should be nearby Examine from toes to head Distract with a toy or penlight | Normally alert, looking around Eyes follow examiner Slightly flexed extremities Can straighten arms and legs Can sit unaided by 6–8 months |\n| Toddler (1–3 years) | Make a game of assessment Distract with a toy or penlight Examine from toes to head Allow parents to participate in exam\u003Cbr>Respect modesty, keep child covered when possible | Normally alert, active Can walk by 18 months Does not like to sit still May grab at penlight or push\u003Cbr>hand away |\n| Preschooler\u003Cbr>(3–6 years) | Explain actions using simple language Tell child what will happen next Tell child just before procedure if\u003Cbr>something will hurt Distract child with a story Respect modesty | Normally alert, active\u003Cbr>Can sit still on request Can cooperate with examination Understands speech\u003Cbr>Will make up explanations for anything not understood |\n| School-age child (6–12 years) | Respect modesty\u003Cbr>Let child make treatment choices when possible\u003Cbr>Allow child to participate in exam | Will cooperate if trust is established\u003Cbr>Wants ","cbCaitVZgObEM3kM","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitVZgObEM3kM","pdf",223911,"English","# Pediatric respiratory rates\n## Pediatric pulse rates\n## Low-normal pediatric systolic blood pressure\n# Pediatric CUPS assessment\n# Developmental aspects of pediatric patients","[{\"question\":\"What are the typical pediatric respiratory rate ranges by age?\",\"answer\":\"Infant (birth–1 year) is 30–60 breaths per minute; toddler (1–3 years) 24–40; preschooler (3–6 years) 22–34; school-age (6–12 years) 18–30; adolescent (12–18 years) 12–16.\"},{\"question\":\"How should pulse rates and blood pressure be interpreted in infants and sleeping children?\",\"answer\":\"Pulse rates for a child sleeping may be about 10% lower than the listed low rate. For infants and children aged three years or younger, a strong central pulse should be substituted for a blood pressure reading.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the CUPS assessment categorize pediatric patients and determine actions?\",\"answer\":\"Critical involves absent airway, breathing, or circulation and requires rapid initial interventions plus simultaneous transport; Unstable involves compromised ABC with altered mental status with the same rapid approach. Potentially unstable has normal ABC and mental status but significant mechanism, requiring prompt transport and focused history/exam if time allows. Stable has normal ABC and mental status with no significant mechanism, allowing detailed history and physical exam with routine transport.\"}]","Pediatric Assessment Tables - Pediatric Vitals and CUPS Evaluation | PDF",1790167533]