[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-85403-en":3,"doc-seo-85403-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":91},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":20,"is_downloadable":20,"audit_status":20,"page_count":21,"language":22,"language_code":23,"site_id":24,"html_lang":23,"table_of_contents":25,"faqs":26,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":27,"read_time":28},85403,1099513958607,"Jiven","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002390cf8733938c?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1778829742770036399",8,"Research & Report","Patterns and Purposes: A Cross Journal Analysis of AI Tool Usage in Academic Writing","This study investigates the use of AI tools in academic writing by analyzing AI usage declarations submitted to journals. A mixed-methods workflow combining content analysis, statistical analysis, and text mining examined 135 AI declarations from 8633 articles across 27 categories. Findings show ChatGPT is the dominant tool (73.3%). AI purposes concentrate on lower-level cognitive tasks: readability improvement (57.8%) and grammar checking (19.3%). Team composition shows a significant link to AI-use purposes (p=0.0008), while native-speaker status does not (p=0.2359). Results inform journal policy design and clarify AI’s evolving role.","arXiv :2502 .00632v2 [ cs .CY] 13 Jul 2026  \nPatterns and Purposes: A Cross-Journal Analysis of AI Tool Usage in Academic Writing  \nZiyang Xu 1*  \n1* School of Library and Information Studies, University of Oklahoma,  \nBizzell Library, Room 120, 401 West Brooks, Norman, 73019-6032, Oklahoma, United States.  \nCorresponding author(s). E-mail(s): [ziyang.xu-1@ou.edu](ziyang.xu-1@ou.edu) ;  \nAbstract  \nThis study investigates the use of AI tools in academic writing through an analysis of AI usage declarations in journals. Using a mixed-methods approach combining content analysis, statistical analysis, and text mining, this study analyzed 135 AI declarations from 8633 articles across 27 categories. Results show that ChatGPT dominates academic writing assistance (73.3% usage) . Crucially, the primary purposes of AI integration are heavily concentrated on lower-level cognitive tasks, specifically improving readability (57.8%) and grammar checking (19.3%) . Furthermore, statistical analysis indicates a highly significant association between team composition and AI-use purposes (p = 0 .0008), highlighting international teams’ specific reliance on grammar assistance, while no significant association was found regarding authors’ native-speaker status (p = 0 .2359) . These findings provide insights for journal policy development and understanding the evolving role of AI in academic writing.  \nKeywords: Academic Writing, ChatGPT, Journal policies, Large Language Models (LLMs)  \n1 Introduction  \nWith the rise of generative AI, an increasing number of AI tools are being introduced into the academic field. Generative AI models, led by ChatGPT, assist in drafting manuscripts, thereby improving the writing efficiency of researchers and authors (Thomas, Bhosale, Shukla, & Kapadia, 2023) . These features can assist in various stages of the academic writing process, from idea generation, literature review writing,  \n1  \nand data analysis,and even proposal creation (Abd-Elsalam & Abdel-Momen, 2023) . AI’s ability to generate coherent and contextually relevant text has led to its adoption in academic settings, where it is used to streamline the writing process and support researchers in organizing their ideas (Hsu, 2023) .  \nHowever, this has also sparked concerns about the potential for AI to undermine critical thinking and creativity. The key issues surrounding AI in academic publishing involve authorship and attribution of AI-generated content, data privacy concerns, and the appropriate scope for AI application (Mrabet & Studholme, 2023; Storey, 2023) . In academic writing, DuBose and Marshall (2023) highlight the need for responsible and careful use of AI tools. Caprioglio and Paglia (2023) advocate for the creation of clear guidelines to ensure the accuracy and reliability of AI-generated content.  \nIn response to this challenge, academic publishers have revised their editorial policies and author guidelines to offer clearer instructions on disclosing the use of generative AI in academic research. The Science series of journals has consistently required authors to sign a license certificate, ensuring that their published papers are original works (Thorp, 2023) . According to Ganjavi et al. (2024), 24% of the top 100 largest publishers offer guidelines for the use of generative AI. The most notable among them is Elsevier, which offers a specific AI usage disclosure template and recommends incorporating it into a new, dedicated section of the manuscript. This template requires authors to disclose whether they used generative artificial intelligence during the writing process, specify the type of AI used, and explain its primary purpose.  \nThe current discussion on AI in academic writing primarily centers on ethical controversies, potential impacts, and related issues. However, there is still limited research on the specific purposes behind authors’ use of AI in academic writing, as well as how this relates to their backgrounds and the journals in","cbCaisSEq5Qe7YxF","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisSEq5Qe7YxF","pdf",1515665,1,24,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n# Introduction\n# Literature Review\n## Benefits of GAI for scholarly publishing","[{\"question\":\"What data does the study analyze to understand AI tool usage in academic writing?\",\"answer\":\"The study analyzes AI usage declarations in journals, examining 135 declarations drawn from 8633 articles across 27 categories.\"},{\"question\":\"Which AI tool is most commonly used according to the results?\",\"answer\":\"ChatGPT dominates academic writing assistance, with a reported usage rate of 73.3%.\"},{\"question\":\"What are the main purposes of integrating AI tools, and how does team composition relate to those purposes?\",\"answer\":\"The primary purposes focus on lower-level cognitive tasks—improving readability (57.8%) and grammar checking (19.3%). Team composition is significantly associated with AI-use purposes (p=0.0008), while authors’ native-speaker status shows no significant association (p=0.2359).\"}]",1784203158,60,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":24,"language":23,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":86,"head_meta":88,"extra_data":90,"updated_unix":27},"patterns-and-purposes-a-cross-journal-analysis-of-ai-tool-usage-in-academic-writing","",{"@graph":35,"@context":85},[36,53,68],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,47,50],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":20},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":46},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":48,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":49},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":51,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":52},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/patterns-and-purposes-a-cross-journal-analysis-of-ai-tool-usage-in-academic-writing/85403/",4,{"url":51,"name":13,"@type":54,"author":55,"headline":13,"publisher":57,"fileFormat":60,"inLanguage":23,"description":14,"dateModified":61,"datePublished":62,"encodingFormat":60,"isAccessibleForFree":63,"interactionStatistic":64},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":56},"Person",{"url":40,"name":58,"@type":59},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-17","2026-07-16",true,{"@type":65,"interactionType":66,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":67},"ViewAction",{"@type":69,"mainEntity":70},"FAQPage",[71,77,81],{"name":72,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":74},"What data does the study analyze to understand AI tool usage in academic writing?","Question",{"text":75,"@type":76},"The study analyzes AI usage declarations in journals, examining 135 declarations drawn from 8633 articles across 27 categories.","Answer",{"name":78,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":79},"Which AI tool is most commonly used according to the results?",{"text":80,"@type":76},"ChatGPT dominates academic writing assistance, with a reported usage rate of 73.3%.",{"name":82,"@type":73,"acceptedAnswer":83},"What are the main purposes of integrating AI tools, and how does team composition relate to those purposes?",{"text":84,"@type":76},"The primary purposes focus on lower-level cognitive tasks—improving readability (57.8%) and grammar checking (19.3%). Team composition is significantly associated with AI-use purposes (p=0.0008), while authors’ native-speaker status shows no significant association (p=0.2359).","https://schema.org",{"og:url":51,"og:type":87,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":58,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":89,"canonical":51},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":24},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":92},[93,97,101,105,109,114,119,122,127,130,134],{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":94,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":96},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":102,"show_sort_weight":103,"slug":104},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":106,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":107,"show_sort_weight":28,"slug":108},5,"Comic","comic",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":120,"slug":121},30,"research-report",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":126},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":125,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":125,"slug":129},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":131,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":132,"show_sort_weight":131,"slug":133},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":135,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":136,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":137},19,"General","general"]