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Methods: In the 2020–2021 resurvey of the China Kadoorie Biobank, about 25,000 randomly selected participants from urban and rural localities underwent vision and intraocular pressure assessment, with associations tested using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Visual impairment and OHT prevalence were 21.8% and 18.4% respectively, with distinct age trends and income, fish intake, blood pressure, glucose, and education correlates.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/patterns-and-correlates-of-visual-impairment-and-ocular-hypertension-among-older-adults-in-the-general-chinese-population-results-from-the-ckb-biobank/447628/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/patterns-and-correlates-of-visual-impairment-and-ocular-hypertension-among-older-adults-in-the-general-chinese-population-results-from-the-ckb-biobank/447628.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"dawugda","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-04","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":14},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the study’s main goal regarding vision and eye pressure?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"The study evaluates determinants and correlates of visual impairment and ocular hypertension in the general Chinese population, focusing on patterns among older adults.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were visual impairment and ocular hypertension measured?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Presenting visual acuity was measured using the Random E eye chart, and intraocular pressure was measured with a handheld Icare (ic100) tonometer.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What associations were found with household income and fish consumption?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Risks of both visual impairment and OHT were inversely associated with household income and fish consumption.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},447628,1791120430,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":14,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747870947,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","Europe PMC unders uthManuscripts Europe M eC und Author Manuscripts  \nEurope PMC Funders Group  \nAuthor Manuscript  \nBr J Ophthalmol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2026 January 01.  \nPublished in final edited form as:  \nBr J Ophthalmol. 2026 January ; 110(1): 107–116. doi:10.1136/bjo-2024-326620 .  \nPatterns and correlates of visual impairment and ocular hypertension among older adults in the general Chinese population: results from the CKB Biobank  \nZilun Shao, BM 1 , Aolin Li, BM 1 , Jun Lv, PhD 1,2,3 , Canqing Yu, PhD 1,2,3 , Lang Pan, MSc2 , Pei Pei, BSc2 , Ling Yang, PhD4 , Yiping Chen, DPhil4 , Yilei Li, BSc5 , Dan Schmidt, MSc4 , Maxim Barnard, MSc4 , Hubert Lam, PhD4 , Fiona Bragg, DPhil4,6 , Junshi Chen, MD7 , Zhengming Chen, DPhil4 , Liming Li, MPH 1,2,3 , Huaidong Du, PhDa,4 , Dianjianyi Sun, PhDa,1,2,3,b on behalf of the China Kadoorie Biobank Collaborative Group  \n1 Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.  \n2 Peking University Center for Public Health and Epidemic Preparedness & Response, Beijing 100191, China.  \nThis work is licensed under a BY 4.0 International license.  \nCorrespondence to: Huaidong Du; Dianjianyi Sun.  \nCorresponding authors: Dianjianyi Sun, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China, Tel: 86-10-82801528 (ext. 325), [dsun1@bjmu.edu.cn](dsun1@bjmu.edu.cn); Huaidong Du, Nuffield Department of Population Health University of Oxford, Big Data Institute Building, Old Road Campus, Oxford OX3 7LF, UK, Tel:  \n+4401865743831, [huaidong.du@ndph.ox.ac.uk](huaidong.du@ndph.ox.ac.uk).  \na Joint senior authors  \nb The members of steering committee and collaborative group are listed in the online-only supplemental material.  \nCompeting Interests Statement  \nNo conflicting relationship exists for any author.  \nEthics approval  \nThe China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) complies with all required ethical standards for medical research on human subjects. Ethical approvals were obtained and been maintained by the relevant institutional ethical research committees in the UK and China.  \nUK  \nKadoorie Study of Chronic disease in China (KSCDC) -Baseline, Oxford Tropical Research Ethics Committee (OxTREC) (2005) OxTREC Reference: 025-04  \nChina Kadoorie Biobank (A prospective study of environmental and genetic causes of premature death in 500,000 Chinese adults) -Second resurvey (2013) OxTREC Reference: 1024-13  \nObjective measurement of physical activity in urban and rural Chinese: A feasibility study (2017) OxTREC Reference: 514-17 Assessing health risks associated with exposure to household and ambient air pollution in rural and urban China. (2017) OxTREC Reference: 5109-17  \nChina Kadoorie Biobank-Third resurvey (2019) OxTREC Reference: 18-19  \nChina  \nKadoorie Study of Chronic disease in China (KSCDC)-Baseline, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention. Ethical Review Committee (2004) Approval Notice 005/2004  \nKadoorie Study of Chronic disease in China (KSCDC)-Second Phase, Chinese Academy of Medical sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Ethical Committee (2010) 24th December 2010  \nKadoorie Study of Chronic disease in China (KSCDC)-Second Resurvey, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Peking Union Medical College, Ethical Committee (2013) Ref: X1303262001  \nContributorship Statement  \nHD and DS conceived of and designed the paper. LL, ZC, and JC, as the members ofthe CKB steering committee, designed and supervised the CKB study obtained funding, and, together with JL, CY, LP, PP, LY, YC, YL, DS, MB, HL and FB acquired the data. The CKB collaborative group maintained the data. ZS and AL analyzed the data, ZS wrote the first draft of the manuscript. HD and DS helped to interpret the results, and contributed to the critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content and approved the final version. All authors reviewed and approved the fin","cbCailVIk6iYludN","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailVIk6iYludN","pdf",784017,22,"English","# Abstract\n## Background\n## Methods\n## Results","[{\"question\":\"What is the study’s main goal regarding vision and eye pressure?\",\"answer\":\"The study evaluates determinants and correlates of visual impairment and ocular hypertension in the general Chinese population, focusing on patterns among older adults.\"},{\"question\":\"How were visual impairment and ocular hypertension measured?\",\"answer\":\"Presenting visual acuity was measured using the Random E eye chart, and intraocular pressure was measured with a handheld Icare (ic100) tonometer.\"},{\"question\":\"What associations were found with household income and fish consumption?\",\"answer\":\"Risks of both visual impairment and OHT were inversely associated with household income and fish consumption.\"}]","Patterns and correlates of visual impairment and ocular hypertension among older adults in the general Chinese population - results from the CKB Biobank | PDF",1790721960,55]