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Based on analysis and interviews conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic, it discusses evidence on athlete retention, potential weakening of team-student ties when competition is disrupted, and possible enrollment shifts. It also evaluates whether rising financial burdens justify maintaining football programs and highlights uncertainty about the sport’s long-term prospects.","Pass or Run?  \nThe Impact of Football on Independent Colleges  \nDavid Welch Suggs, Jr., Jennifer May-Trifiletti, and James C. Hearn  \nA RESEARCH BRIEF FOR  \nJUNE 2020  \n© 2020 Council of Independent Colleges  \nThe Council of Independent Colleges (CIC) is an association of 770 nonprofit colleges and universities, state-based councils of independent colleges, and other higher education affiliates that works to support college and university leadership, advance institutional excellence, and enhance public understanding of private education’s contributions to society. CIC is the major national organization that focuses on providing services to leaders of independent colleges and universities. CIC offers conferences, seminars, and other programs that help institutions improve educational quality, administrative and financial performance, student outcomes, and institutional visibility. CIC conducts the largest annual conferences of college and university presidents and of chief academic officers in the United States. Founded in 1956, CICis headquartered at One Dupont Circle in Washington, DC. For more information, [visit](visit www.cic.edu)[ www.cic.edu](visit www.cic.edu).  \nAbout the Authors  \nThe authors of this report are David Welch Suggs, Jr., associate professor in the Grady College of Journalism and Mass Communications at the University of Georgia; Jennifer May-Trifiletti, doctoral student at the University of Georgia’s Institute of Higher Education; and James C. Hearn, professor and associate director in the Institute of Higher Education at the University of Georgia.  \nAuthors’ Note  \nThe research and analysis for this project were completed in December 2019, prior to any idea of how the COVID-19 pandemic would affect college life. As of June 2020, there is no clear indication of how and when football will resume on college campuses.  \nEvidence is mixed on whether athletes are retained at higher rates than other students, and few studies have examined the question at Council of Independent Colleges (CIC) member institutions. However, if an athletic team is unable to compete, it may weaken the ties between students on that team and the institution they attend. That may in turn cause students to pursue education elsewhere. Several of the Berry College athletes interviewed for this report said they would not have considered the college were it not for the opportunity to continue to play football. Similarly, students desiring the atmosphere of football game days may find a particular college less attractive if football is not part of campus life.  \nWith significant financial challenges rapidly approaching, colleges may be reconsidering whether the expenses needed to maintain football programs are justified by the enrollment benefits. The long-term prospects ofthe sport remain to be seen.  \nTable of Contents  \nTable of Contents................................................................ 1  \nPreface .......................................................................... 3  \nExecutive Summary ............................................................. 4  \nIntroduction ..................................................................... 6  \nOur Study ....................................................................... 9  \nFindings ......................................................................... 12  \nDiscussion ....................................................................... 18  \nEmerging Challenges ............................................................ 20  \nConclusion ...................................................................... 22  \nAppendix A: Detailed Results.................................................... 23  \nAppendix B: Detailed Methodology.............................................. 25  \nReferences ...................................................................... 29  \nAdditional Reading ............................................................. 30  \n1  \nPreface  \nT he","cbCaigMprq7cIYeR","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaigMprq7cIYeR","pdf",1503933,34,"English","en",105,"# Preface\n## Executive Summary\n## Introduction\n## Our Study\n## Findings\n## Discussion\n## Emerging Challenges\n## Conclusion\n## Appendix A: Detailed Results\n## Appendix B: Detailed Methodology\n## References\n## Additional Reading","[{\"question\":\"What is the main focus of this research brief?\",\"answer\":\"It examines the role and impact of college football on independent colleges, especially effects on recruitment, student enrollment, and net tuition revenue.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the brief address athlete retention and enrollment outcomes?\",\"answer\":\"It notes mixed evidence on whether athletes are retained at higher rates than other students and describes how inability to compete may weaken team ties and influence students to pursue education elsewhere.\"},{\"question\":\"Why do financial challenges matter in the study?\",\"answer\":\"The brief discusses that colleges may reconsider whether the costs of maintaining football programs are justified by enrollment benefits, while the long-term prospects of the sport remain unclear.\"}]","Pass or Run? 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