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\n[https://www.emerald.com/insight/1443-9883.htm](https://www.emerald.com/insight/1443-9883.htm)  \nParticipatory action research as a research approach:  \nadvantages, limitations and criticisms  \nBruno De Oliveira  \nUniversity of Chichester, Chichester, UK  \nAbstract  \nPurpose – How can people with lived experiences of marginalisation actively participate in contesting their marginalisation? This article aims to review the literature on PAR as a research approach. It will first describe what PAR means and consider this approach’s particular features. The paper will go on to explore the advantages, limitations and criticisms of this approach to research.  \nDesign/methodology/approach – How can people with lived experiences of marginalisation actively participate in contesting their marginalisation? The approach of this paper is to provide needed viewpoint discussion on Participatory Action Research (PAR) advantages, limitations and criticisms. PAR is mostly a qualitative research approach that takes account of researchers and participants collaborating to investigate social issues and take actions to bring about social change.  \nFindings–The aim of (PAR) is to systematically collect and analyse data to take action and make a change by generating practical knowledge. However, PARasan approach to research has advantagesand disadvantages. Also, PAR as an approach can be a problematic tool for facilitators and communities to apply due to power relations within the research process. However, PAR can help the praxis of collective critical consciousness of the participation and democratisation of participants presented in studies where this approach is used. Although a PAR approach can be an unknown and challenging tool, it is a path through which communities can explore their society and ignite to change it.  \nOriginality/value–This paper provides a discussion of the critical consciousness value of PAR that seeks to bring academics, researchers and practitioners to the approach to primarily qualitative research methodology that should be understood with advantages, limitations (ethical challenges) and criticisms.  \nKeywords Participatory action research, Homelessness, Qualitativeresearch Paper type Research paper  \nBroadly speaking, Participatory Action Research (PAR) is mostly a qualitative research approach that takes account of researchers and participants collaborating to investigate social issues and take actions to bring about social change. This article aims to review the literature on PAR as a research approach. It will first describe what PAR means and consider this approach’s particular features. The paper will go on to explore the advantages, limitations and criticisms this approach to research has endured since its emergence during the 1940s. Finally, this paper will be reviewing the different approaches to the development of PAR.  \nIntroduction  \nI have facilitated sets of qualitative studies to explore and contest homelessness in2018,2019, 2022 (De Oliveira, 2018, 2019, 2022) . Specifically, I wanted to challenge how homelessness, individuals(like myself)and families were viewed and understood by their local communities. The aim of this paper is not to provide a step-by-step guide to planning participatory action research projects, as that can limit the ecology and context of each PAR project which are unique. However, I draw from my community-based experiences in mental health, public health promotion research and lived-experience with homeless people to illustrate the ethical  \nParticipatory action research  \n287  \nReceived 18 August 2022 Revised 23 November 2022  \n15 December 2022 Accepted 30 December 2022  \nQualitative Research Journal Vol. 23 No. 3, 2023  \npp. 287-297 © Emerald Publishing Limited  \n1443-9883 DOI 10.1108/QRJ-08-2022-0101  \nQRJ advantages and challenges of a PAR approach. A participatory research approach whic","cbCaicq8DMhRwzQk","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicq8DMhRwzQk","pdf",150269,11,"English","# Abstract\n# Design/methodology/approach\n# Findings\n# Introduction\n## Origins and definitions of PAR\n## PAR as knowledge for social action","[{\"question\":\"What is the article’s main purpose regarding PAR?\",\"answer\":\"To review the literature on participatory action research as a research approach, focusing on how people with lived experience of marginalisation can participate in contesting their marginalisation.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the paper describe participatory action research as a method?\",\"answer\":\"It presents PAR as mostly qualitative, involving collaboration between researchers and participants to investigate social issues and take actions that support social change.\"},{\"question\":\"What challenges and criticisms of PAR does the article emphasize?\",\"answer\":\"It highlights limitations and criticisms, including disadvantages arising from power relations within the research process and ethical challenges for facilitators and communities applying PAR.\"}]","Participatory action research as a research approach - advantages, limitations and criticisms | PDF",1792540599,28]