[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-380764-105":59,"doc-detail-380764-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","parathyroid-carcinoma-ultrasonographic-and-clinical-experience","PARATHYROID CARCINOMA - Ultrasonographic and Clinical Experience","","Parathyroid carcinoma is a very rare malignancy typically causing hyperparathyroidism and elevated blood calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH). This report analyzes six patients treated over 20 years, describing clinical presentation, ultrasound findings, and diagnostic pathways using preoperative imaging and ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy, with definitive diagnosis after surgery. Most patients presented with hypercalcemia; all showed reduced bone density, and two had characteristic “brown” tumors. After initial management, most patients achieved long-term remission with normal calcium and PTH. Surgical resection offers the best cure potential.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/parathyroid-carcinoma-ultrasonographic-and-clinical-experience/380764/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/parathyroid-carcinoma-ultrasonographic-and-clinical-experience/380764.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"kopisore","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":39},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the study aim regarding parathyroid carcinoma?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To present clinical, ultrasonographic, imaging, and histopathologic features observed in six patients with this extremely rare malignant tumor.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How were patients evaluated before surgery?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"All patients underwent preoperative ultrasound followed by ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy, and imaging approaches such as CT, SPECT/CT, Tc-99m sestamibi scintigraphy, PET-CT, and MRI were used when needed to define tumor size and extent.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"When was the definitive diagnosis made?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Definitive diagnosis was made after surgery based on surgical and histopathologic findings, using suspicious pathologic criteria such as capsular and vascular invasion and involvement of surrounding structures.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},380764,1790793910,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":39,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":52,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},962090880963,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Acta Clin Croat 2023; 62:585-594  \ndoi: 10.20471/acc.2023.62.04.2  \nOriginal Scientific Paper  \nPARATHYROID CARCINOMA: ULTRASONOGRAPHIC AND  \nCLINICAL EXPERIENCE  \nMarina Jadrešić2, Sanja Kusačić Kuna1,4, Hrvojka Tomić Brzac1, Maja Baretić3,4 and Dražen Huić1,4  \n1Clinical Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Protection, Zagreb University Hospital Center, Zagreb,  \nCroatia;  \n2Department of Oncology and Nuclear Medicine, Zadar General Hospital, Zadar, Croatia; 3Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, Zagreb University Hospital Center,  \nZagreb, Croatia;  \n4University of Zagreb School of Medicine, Zagreb, Croatia  \nSUMMARY – Parathyroid cancer is an extremely rare malignancy that usually leads to hyperparathyroidism.The aim of this report is to present clinical and ultrasonographic features of tumors in six patients (5 females; mean age 53.2 years) treated for parathyroid carcinoma at the Department of Nuclear Medicine during 20 years. Most patients presented with hypercalcemia, and one of them had a previous history of long-term secondary hyperparathyroidism and was treated with hemodialysis. All patients had significantly reduced bone density, and two of them presented with typical ‘brown’ tumors involving long bones of lower extremities. After initial treatment, all patients except for the youngest female patient were in long-term remission with normal serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels. Preoperative imaging procedures such as ultrasound with targeted fine needle-aspiration biopsy and Tc99m-sestamibiscan helped determine the location and extent of the disease, but definitive diagnosis was made after the surgery. Parathyroid cancer is a rare form of malignant tumor that is difficult to diagnose preoperatively due to similar clinical features with benign causes of hyperparathyroidism such as hyperplasia and adenomas, especially atypical ones that require regular follow-up. Complete surgical resection provides the best chance of cure, although metastatic disease is possible.  \nKeywords: Parathyroid carcinoma; Atypicalparathyroid adenoma; Hyperparathyroidism; Neck ultrasound  \nIntroduction  \nParathyroid cancer is an uncommon malignancy usually presented with high levels of calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in the blood and is responsible for less than 1% of hyperparathyroidism cases. Tumors occur with equal frequency in women and men1,2 . The majority of carcinomas are sporadic, but  \nCorrespondence to: Sanja Kusačić Kuna, MD, Clinical Department of Nuclear Medicine and Radiation Protection, Zagreb University Hospital Center, Kišpatićeva 12, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia  \nE-mail: [sanja.kusacickuna@gmail.com](sanja.kusacickuna@gmail.com)  \nReceived August 24, 2021, accepted January 19, 2022  \nrare forms of genetic hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumor syndrome (HPT-JT) with mutations in the HRPT2 gene have also been reported3,4 . The etiology of cancer remains unknown; it could be associated with a history of neck irradiation. Some authors suggest long-term secondary hyperparathyroidism as a provoking factor of the disease5. The disease could be clinically mistaken for benign causes of hyperparathyroidism, particularly parathyroid adenomas, because of similar biochemical and echographic findings indicative of benign pathology that could be a potential pitfall which may delay the diagnosis. Suspicious sonographic features include irregular shape, heterogeneous echostructure with cystic portions, and intranodal calcification in large-size  \nActa Clin Croat, Vol. 62, No. 4, 2023 585  \nnodes, which may provide preoperative evidence for those forms of malignancy6,7 . Parathyroid cancers are usually slow-growing tumors with a tendency to recur locally; in most cases, metastases occur late and most commonly involved are cervical and upper mediastinal lymph nodes and the lung. Early surgery is the most important factor for optimal outcome6-8.  \nThe purpose of the current report is to present th","cbCaisj9MRks99iE","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisj9MRks99iE","pdf",650432,"English","# Introduction\n# Patients and Methods\n## Preoperative evaluation and imaging\n## Pathologic criteria and diagnosis","[{\"question\":\"What is the study aim regarding parathyroid carcinoma?\",\"answer\":\"To present clinical, ultrasonographic, imaging, and histopathologic features observed in six patients with this extremely rare malignant tumor.\"},{\"question\":\"How were patients evaluated before surgery?\",\"answer\":\"All patients underwent preoperative ultrasound followed by ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy, and imaging approaches such as CT, SPECT/CT, Tc-99m sestamibi scintigraphy, PET-CT, and MRI were used when needed to define tumor size and extent.\"},{\"question\":\"When was the definitive diagnosis made?\",\"answer\":\"Definitive diagnosis was made after surgery based on surgical and histopathologic findings, using suspicious pathologic criteria such as capsular and vascular invasion and involvement of surrounding structures.\"}]","PARATHYROID CARCINOMA - Ultrasonographic and Clinical Experience | PDF",1790241930,25]