[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-379270-105":59,"doc-detail-379270-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","pancreatic-cancer-and-detection-methods-review","Pancreatic Cancer and Detection Methods - Review","","The pancreas is a vital organ responsible for exocrine and endocrine functions. Pancreatitis, driven by alcohol consumption and gallstones, increases the risk of pancreatic cancer (PC), a disease marked by high mortality. Genetic and epigenetic mechanisms, together with other risk factors, shape PC development. Early detection is essential, supported by imaging and tissue biopsy, while liquid biopsy offers biomarker-based potential in bodily fluids. Clinical screening remains difficult due to asymptomatic early stages, so screening for high-risk groups is recommended, including the N-NOSE plus pancreas test.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/pancreatic-cancer-and-detection-methods-review/379270/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/pancreatic-cancer-and-detection-methods-review/379270.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Cart","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-24","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is early detection of pancreatic cancer difficult in clinical practice?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Early-stage PC is often asymptomatic, and the available diagnostic approaches have limitations in achieving highly precise detection.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What role does liquid biopsy play in pancreatic cancer detection?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Liquid biopsy is promising for early tumor detection by assessing biomarkers in bodily fluids.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Which screening test is highlighted as standing out among pancreatic cancer screening options?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The N-NOSE plus pancreas test is highlighted for its high AUC of 0.865, while confirmation requires additional diagnostic tests.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},379270,1790700031,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":41,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":144},18829141979164,"https://eur-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","biomedicines   \nReview  \nPancreatic Cancer and Detection Methods  \nUmbhorn Ungkulpasvich , Hideyuki Hatakeyama, Takaaki Hirotsu and Eric di Luccio *  \nCitation: Ungkulpasvich, U.; Hatakeyama, H.; Hirotsu, T.; di Luccio, E. Pancreatic Cancer and Detection Methods. Biomedicines 2023, 11, 2557. [https://doi.org/10.3390/](https://doi.org/10.3390/)[ ](https://doi.org/10.3390/)biomedicines11092557  \nAcademic Editors: Yun-Hee Kim and Satoshi Wada  \nReceived: 21 August 2023  \nRevised: 5 September 2023  \nAccepted: 14 September 2023  \nPublished: 18 September 2023  \nCopyright: © 2023 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license ([https://](https://)[ ](https://)[creativecommons.org/licenses/by/](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[ ](creativecommons.org/licenses/by/)[4.0/](4.0/)) .  \nHirotsu Bioscience Inc., 22F The New Otani Garden Court, 4-1 Kioi-cho, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 102-0094, Japan;  \n[umbhorn@hbio.jp](umbhorn@hbio.jp) (U.U.); [h.hatakeyama@hbio.jp](h.hatakeyama@hbio.jp) (H.H.); [hirotsu@hbio.jp](hirotsu@hbio.jp) (T.H.)  \n* Correspondence: [e.diluccio@hbio.jp](e.diluccio@hbio.jp); Tel.: +81-3-6277-8902  \nAbstract: The pancreas is a vital organ with exocrine and endocrine functions. Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas caused by alcohol consumption and gallstones. This condition can heighten the risk of pancreatic cancer (PC), a challenging disease with a high mortality rate. Genetic and epigenetic factors contribute significantly to PC development, along with other risk factors. Early detection is crucial for improving PC outcomes. Diagnostic methods, including imagining modalities and tissue biopsy, aid in the detection and analysis of PC. In contrast, liquid biopsy (LB) shows promise in early tumor detection by assessing biomarkers in bodily fluids. Understanding the function of the pancreas, associated diseases, risk factors, and available diagnostic methods is essential for effective management and early PC detection. The current clinical examination of PC is challenging due to its asymptomatic early stages and limitations of highly precise diagnostics. Screening is recommended for high-risk populations and individuals with potential benign tumors. Among various PC screening methods, the N-NOSE plus pancreas test stands out with its high AUC of 0.865 . Compared to other commercial products, the N-NOSE plus pancreas test offers a cost-effective solution for early detection. However, additional diagnostic tests are required for confirmation. Further research, validation, and the development of non-invasive screening methods and standardized scoring systems are crucial to enhance PC detection and improve patient outcomes. This review outlines the context of pancreatic cancer and the challenges for early detection.  \nKeywords: C. elegans; N-NOSE; early-cancer screening; pancreatic cancer; detection methods  \n1. The Pancreas  \n1.1. Structure of the Pancreas  \nThe pancreas is a visceral organ located posterior to a stomach in the form of a leaf. It measures roughly 15 cm in length and 5 cm in width in adults. The pancreas is subdivided into four distinct regions: a head, neck, body, and tail. The head of the pancreas is the broader part, situated adjacent to the stomach and duodenum junction, where the bile duct either lies within a groove on its surface or passes through its substance. The neck and body regions are surrounded by major blood vessels. Finally, the tail of the pancreas is located anterior to the left kidney and spleen [1], as shown in Figure 1a.  \n1.2. Function of the Pancreas  \nThe organ comprises both endocrine and exocrine cells, which perform distinct functions. The majority of pancreatic cells are exocrine cells, which make up the exocrine glands and ducts. These cells are responsible for secreting a range of enzymes including amylase for carbohydrate digestion, proteases ","cbCaitdXo9Lesn8m","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitdXo9Lesn8m","pdf",3230735,"English","# The Pancreas\n## Structure of the Pancreas\n## Function of the Pancreas\n## Disease of the Pancreas","[{\"question\":\"Why is early detection of pancreatic cancer difficult in clinical practice?\",\"answer\":\"Early-stage PC is often asymptomatic, and the available diagnostic approaches have limitations in achieving highly precise detection.\"},{\"question\":\"What role does liquid biopsy play in pancreatic cancer detection?\",\"answer\":\"Liquid biopsy is promising for early tumor detection by assessing biomarkers in bodily fluids.\"},{\"question\":\"Which screening test is highlighted as standing out among pancreatic cancer screening options?\",\"answer\":\"The N-NOSE plus pancreas test is highlighted for its high AUC of 0.865, while confirmation requires additional diagnostic tests.\"}]","Pancreatic Cancer and Detection Methods - Review | PDF",1790234822,76]