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The article traces the evolution of the myth of the Primordial Man Pan Gu, refigured in Japan as King Banko, and his five children tied to the Five Agents. It interprets the movement from chaos to cosmos as the resolution of internal conflict among princes, illuminating the popularity of the Earth deity cult and the adaptation of inherited Han concepts within Japanese textual culture.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/pan-gu-and-his-descendants-chinese-cosmology-in-medieval-japan/139391/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/pan-gu-and-his-descendants-chinese-cosmology-in-medieval-japan/139391.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Emma Wilson","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-09-19","2026-08-24",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":34},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"How did Chinese cosmology influence medieval Japan according to the article?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It influenced Japanese culture both philosophically and religiously through mythic and ritual transmissions, especially ideas of the Five Phases mediated by Onmyôdô.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What does the article focus on regarding the myth of Pan Gu?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It examines how the Pan Gu myth developed in Japan, including his transformation into King Banko and the roles of his five children connected to the Five Agents.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How is “correlative” thinking described in relation to Chinese cosmology?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It is presented as a system that creates structured correspondences across body, society, and heavens, treating connections as resonant rather than caused externally.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},139391,1787533319,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":34,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":129,"read_time":144},3848291630094,"https://eur-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_085a072bc5b1113ac321206ff7593b45","Articles 【研究論著】  \nPAN GU and His Descendants: Chinese Cosmology in Medieval Japan  \n盤古及其後代：論日本中古時代的中國宇宙論  \nBernard Faure∗  \nKeywords: PAN GU, Chinese Cosmology, Medieval Japan, five phase/agents (Wuxing), way of Yin and Yang/Onmyôdô  \n關鍵詞：盤古、中國宇宙論、日本中古時代、五行、陰陽之道  \n∗  \n§  \nProfessor, Department of Religious Studies, Stanford University, U. S. A.  \n本文曾宣讀於 2004年 8 月 20-21 日，由臺灣大學東亞文明研究中心主辦之「東亞近世世界觀的形成」國際學術研討會。  \nAbstract  \nChinese cosmology has had a deep impact on Japanese culture, not only on the philosophical plane, but also in the religious domain. Under a mythologic and ritual form, Chinese notions such as the theory of the Five Phases or Agents (wuxing) spread throughout medieval Japan,through the intermediary of the so-called Way of Yin and Yang (Onmyôdô) . The present article examines the development of the myth of the Primordial Man, Pan Gu, who became in Japan King Banko -and of his five children (corresponding to the Five Agents), as found in ritual texts such as the Gogyô no saimon. The passage from chaos to cosmos, through the harmonization of the Five Agents, is thus described mythologically as the resolution of a conflict that opposed one of these“Princes”(ôji), named Gorô (“Fifth Son,” corresponding to the Agent Earth) to his four brothers. Myths of that kind illustrate the popularity of the cult of the Earth deity (Kenrô Jijin) in medieval Japan-even within Buddhism-as well as the survival of notions inherited from Han cosmology. They also show how these notions were adapted to the Japanese context and contributed to the creation of a specifically Japanese culture.  \n摘要  \n中國的宇宙論對日本文化向來有深遠的影響。其影響所及不僅在哲學層面，還有在宗教的範疇。中國的概念，像是五行之說，在日本的中古時代以神話和儀式的形式，透過陰陽之道（Onmyôdô)的中介，遍傳日本。本文檢視宇宙初人盤古（後來演變成日本王 Banko）及其五子（此乃按五行之說而來；在日本的儀式文本 Gogyô no saimon 中有所描寫）相關神話的演變。此神話敘述五「王子」(ôji）中的五郎（和五行中的土行對應）和其他四個王子之間鬥爭的妥協結果。此乃宇宙五行進入和諧的過程，亦說明了宇宙如何從混沌進入有序。這個神話闡明了日本中古時代土神（Kenrô Jijin）崇拜（即使在佛教圈中）受到歡迎的原因，也印證了自漢人宇宙論承襲而來觀念的存留。此外，藉此亦可一窺這些概念如何被改寫成日本的文本，並對日本文化的創造有何貢獻。  \nHan cosmology has been well studied in the West, in particular since the work of Marcel Granet and Joseph Needham.1 Also worth mentioning is the attempt made at the turn of the century by Marcel Mauss and Emile Durkheim to provide a sociological grounding to these systems of meaning. In their seminal essay,“Primitive Classification,” Emile Durkheim and Marcel Mauss tried to describe Chinese cosmology as a particular case of binary structure, itself derived from a fundamentally dualist social structure.2 Without sharing their sociological fundamentalism, we will retain the ideological nature of this bipartition and the agonistic character of this complementarity, often hidden by scholars who take at face value Asian discourses about “harmony.”  \nHowever, the impact of Chinese cosmology outside China has been generally ignored. This is particularly true as regard its “matricial” role in Japanese Buddhism, which provided an epistemological and ideological foundation to medieval Japanese culture.3 Thus, even today, notions such as the Five Phases (or Agents, wuxing五行) are usually discussed in the context of orthodox Confucian cosmology, or in that of popular divinatory techniques — usually dismissed as mere “superstitions,” according to an elitist conception that dominated generations of Confucian literati, Western missionaries, and Sinologists. I do not intend to enter into such arcane discussions, and will therefore give simply a rapid sketch of fundamental concepts of Chinese “correlative thinking,” presumed familiar, in order to focus on their Japanese avatars.  \nThe so-called correlative or associative thinking draws systematic correspondences among aspects of various orders of reality (the human body, the body politic, and heavenly bodies) . According to this holistic approach, things and events are connected, resonating with each other rather than resulting from external causes. Chinese cosmology thus establishes homologies between nature and society. The world is perceived as a taxonom","cbCaieJbsHmaVUwW","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaieJbsHmaVUwW","pdf",350835,18,"English","# Abstract\n## Cultural and religious impact of Chinese cosmology\n## Myth of Pan Gu and cosmological harmony\n## Correlative thinking and classificatory resonance\n## Chinese compass and symbolic synthesis\n## Fusion with Buddhist cosmological systems","[{\"question\":\"How did Chinese cosmology influence medieval Japan according to the article?\",\"answer\":\"It influenced Japanese culture both philosophically and religiously through mythic and ritual transmissions, especially ideas of the Five Phases mediated by Onmyôdô.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the article focus on regarding the myth of Pan Gu?\",\"answer\":\"It examines how the Pan Gu myth developed in Japan, including his transformation into King Banko and the roles of his five children connected to the Five Agents.\"},{\"question\":\"How is “correlative” thinking described in relation to Chinese cosmology?\",\"answer\":\"It is presented as a system that creates structured correspondences across body, society, and heavens, treating connections as resonant rather than caused externally.\"}]","PAN GU and His Descendants - Chinese Cosmology in Medieval Japan | PDF",45]