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A prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial enrolled 122 patients from June 2023 to March 2024 and compared TEAS at Hegu (LI4) and Neiguan (PC6), TEAS at Sanyinjiao (SP6) and Zusanli (ST36), and sham TEAS. TEAS significantly lowered visual analog scale pain at stent removal and 10 minutes post-procedure versus sham, with no hemodynamic differences. A Time × Gender interaction indicated stronger, gender-specific temporal analgesia.",{"@graph":69,"@context":127},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/pain-relief-during-cystoscopic-ureteral-stent-extraction-by-transcutaneous-electrical-acupoint-stimulation-a-double-blinded-randomized-controlled-trial/420615/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/pain-relief-during-cystoscopic-ureteral-stent-extraction-by-transcutaneous-electrical-acupoint-stimulation-a-double-blinded-randomized-controlled-trial/420615.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"MrHarris58","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-04","2026-09-28",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119,123],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What was the study’s primary objective?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"To evaluate the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) in reducing pain during cystoscopic ureteral stent extraction.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"How were patients assigned to treatment groups?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Patients were randomized into three groups: TEAS at LI4 and PC6, TEAS at SP6 and ST36, or sham TEAS, administered 30 minutes before the procedure.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What pain outcomes did the trial measure, and what were the key findings?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Pain was measured with a visual analog scale (VAS) at stent removal and at 10 minutes post-procedure. Both TEAS groups showed significantly lower VAS scores than sham, while hemodynamic parameters did not differ significantly.",{"name":124,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":125},"Did TEAS affect all patients similarly across age groups and genders?",{"text":126,"@type":114},"Analgesic effects showed gender-specific temporal patterns (Time × Gender interaction), appearing more pronounced in female patients, while effectiveness remained consistent across age groups.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":129,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":131,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":133,"site_id":62},420615,1790671795,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":136},{"doc_id":133,"user_id":137,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":138,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":139,"file_id":140,"file_url":141,"file_type":142,"file_size":143,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":144,"language":145,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":146,"faqs":147,"seo_title":148,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":149,"read_time":150,"preview_page_count":4},687212988360,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","Journal of Pain Research  \nOpen Access Full Text Article ORIGINAL RESEARCH  \nPain Relief During Cystoscopic Ureteral Stent Extraction by Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation: A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled Trial  \nQiaoling Chen 1 , *, Huidan Lian2 , *, Junlu Wang2 , *, Lili Chen 3 , Ruolin Shi4 , Meizi Qian 2  \n1Operating Room, Pingyang Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical University, Pingyang County, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325400, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China; 4Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China  \n*These authors contributed equally to this work  \nCorrespondence: Ruolin Shi, Operating Room, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China, [Email 103614198@qq.com](Email 103614198@qq.com); Meizi Qian, Department of Anesthesia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325000, People’s Republic of China, [Email qianmeizi@wzhospital.cn](Email qianmeizi@wzhospital.cn)  \n\n| Background: Acupuncture has pain-relief effects, but no data are available on transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) for pain relief during transurethral removal of ureteral stents. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of TEAS in reducing pain during cystoscopic ureteral stent extraction.\u003Cbr>Methods: This prospective, double-blinded, randomized controlled trial enrolled 122 patients scheduled for cystoscopicureteral stent removal between June 2023 and March 2024. Participants were randomized into three groups: TEAS at Hegu (LI4) and Neiguan (PC6) (Group A, n=37), TEAS at Sanyinjiao (SP6) and Zusanli (ST36) (Group B, n=38), and sham TEAS (Group C, n=47). TEAS or sham TEAS were administered 30 minutes before the procedure. The primary endpoint was pain measured by visual analog scale (VAS) at stent removal (T2). Secondary endpoints included VAS at cystoscope insertion (T1) and 10 minutes post-procedure (T3), along with hemodynamic parameters. Results: Baseline characteristics were comparable (p > 0.05) . Both TEAS groups showed significantly lower VAS scores during stent removal (T2: median 0.00 [IQR: 0.00–2.50] for Group A and median 0.00 [IQR0.00–2.50] for group B vs 0.00 [IQR: 2.00–5.00] for Group C; p = 0.027) and at 10 minutes post-procedure (T3: median 0.00 [IQR: 0.00–0.00] for Group A and median 0.00 [IQR0.00–1.00] for group B vs 0.00 [IQR: 0.00–2.00] for Group C; p = 0.012) . Repeated measures ANOVA with gender and age group as covariates revealed a significant Time × Gender interaction (F = 7.044, p = 0.006), indicating different temporal patterns of pain reduction between males and females. However, no significant interaction was found involving the Age Group factor or the three-way interaction with the treatment groups. No significant hemodynamic differences were observed. One patient in Group C withdrew due to severe pain.\u003Cbr>Conclusion: TEAS effectively reduces procedural and post-procedural pain during cystoscopic ureteral stent extraction without affecting hemodynamic stability. Notably, the analgesic effect of TEAS demonstrated gender-specific temporal patterns (Time × Gender interaction, p = 0.006), being more pronounced in female patients, while remaining consistently effective across all age groups. These findings support TEAS as a valuable non-pharmacological analgesic adjunct in outpatient urological procedures, though further multicenter and heterogeneous population studies are warranted to validate its generalizability.\u003Cbr>Keywords: transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation, TEAS, cystoscopic ureteral stent extraction, randomiz","cbCaif8tCgkdV34J","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaif8tCgkdV34J","pdf",2845770,13,"English","# Background\n## Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What was the study’s primary objective?\",\"answer\":\"To evaluate the efficacy of transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) in reducing pain during cystoscopic ureteral stent extraction.\"},{\"question\":\"How were patients assigned to treatment groups?\",\"answer\":\"Patients were randomized into three groups: TEAS at LI4 and PC6, TEAS at SP6 and ST36, or sham TEAS, administered 30 minutes before the procedure.\"},{\"question\":\"What pain outcomes did the trial measure, and what were the key findings?\",\"answer\":\"Pain was measured with a visual analog scale (VAS) at stent removal and at 10 minutes post-procedure. Both TEAS groups showed significantly lower VAS scores than sham, while hemodynamic parameters did not differ significantly.\"},{\"question\":\"Did TEAS affect all patients similarly across age groups and genders?\",\"answer\":\"Analgesic effects showed gender-specific temporal patterns (Time × Gender interaction), appearing more pronounced in female patients, while effectiveness remained consistent across age groups.\"}]","Pain Relief During Cystoscopic Ureteral Stent Extraction by Transcutaneous Electrical Acupoint Stimulation - A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Controlled Trial | PDF",1790621723,33]