[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-290299-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":81,"doc-detail-290299-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":74,"head_meta":76,"extra_data":78,"updated_unix":80},105,"en","overviewdna-dna-origami","OverviewDNA - DNA Origami","","DNA Origami overview covering its invention and key milestone papers from 2005 onward, followed by a comparison of top-down lithography and bottom-up DNA self-assembly in terms of cost, precision, scalability, and operating conditions. The material explains self-assembly principles, design elements such as scaffold and staple crossovers, annealing and folding pathways, and how structural features relate to measured nanoscale shapes. It also outlines practical steps for 2D DNA origami design and shape constraints.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/overviewdna-dna-origami/290299/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/overviewdna-dna-origami/290299.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Liam","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-17",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",8,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"Who invented DNA origami and when?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"DNA origami was invented by Paul Rothemund in 2005. The overview lists subsequent key publications starting from that year.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How do lithography and DNA self-assembly differ?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Lithography is described as expensive, serial, precise, and requiring ultra-high vacuum or ultraclean conditions or cryogenic temperatures. DNA self-assembly is cheaper, massively parallel, less exact, and works in simple aqueous environments.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What are scaffold and staple crossovers in 2D DNA origami design?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The overview describes using scaffold crossover and staple crossover steps, along with how crossover spacing relates to the structure. It also emphasizes adding scaffold crossovers and using raster fill with appropriate crossover distances.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},290299,1789979144,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,111,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":55,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":131},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":55,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},8796095461564,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_155a257f0dc6eb9ab79c44ca47cae57d","DNA Origami  \nInvented by Paul Ruthemund in  \n2005  \nDNA Origami Papers  \n1. 2005, Rothemund – Design of DNA Origami  \n2. Mar 2006, Rothemund –  \nFolding DNA to create nanoscale shapes and patterns  \n3. May 2009, Shih et al –  \nSelf-assembly of DNA into nanoscale three-dimensional shapes  \n4. Aug 2009, Shih et al –  \nFolding DNA into Twisted and Curved Nanoscale Shapes  \n5. Apr 2009, Andersen et al   \nSelf-assembly of a nanoscale DNA box with a controllable lid  \n6. April 2011, Han et al –  \nDNA Origami with Complex Curvatures in Three-Dimensional Space  \n7. Nov 2011, Arbona et al – Modeling the folding of DNA Origami  \n8. Nov 2009, Shih et al –  \nMultilayer DNA Origami Packed on a Square Lattice  \n9. Jan 2012, Shih et al –  \nMultilayer DNA Origami Packed on Hexagonal and Hybrid Lattices  \nComparison of Nanofabrication  \nMethods  \nLithography (Top down)  \n• Eg. Electron beam lithography, photolithography  \n• Expensive  \n• Serial  \n• Precise  \n• Ultra-high vacuum, ultraclean conditions or cryogenic temperatures  \nSelf-assembly (Bottom up)  \n• Eg. DNA origami, selfassembled monolayers, lipid bilayers and micelles  \n• Cheaper  \n• Massively parallel synthesis  \n• Less exact  \n• Simple aqueous environments  \n2005 – Design of DNA Origami 2006 – Folding DNA to create nanoscale shapes and patterns  \nPaul Rothemund  \n2005 – Design of DNA Origami  \n2006 – Folding DNA to create nanoscale shapes and patterns  \nPaul Rothemund  \n• Origami à folding  \n• One long strand à “scaffold”  \n• Many short strands à ”helpers”, later “staples”  \n• Used Matlab to design origami  \n(clunky à never released à made obsolete anyway…)  \n• Major leaps here are:  \n– One-pot reaction  \n– High yield  \nHow DNA Origami Self-Assembles  \nAnneal  \nAnneal  \nFigure 2 | DNA origami shapes. Top row, folding paths. a, square;  \nb, rectangle; c, star; d, disk with three holes; e, triangle with rectangular domains; f, sharp triangle with trapezoidal domains and bridges between them (red lines in inset). Dangling curves and loops represent unfolded sequence. Second row from top, diagrams showing the bend of helices at crossovers (where helices touch) and away from crossovers (where helices bend apart). Colour indicates the base-pair index along the folding path; red  \nis the 1st base, purple the 7,000th. Bottom two rows, AFM images. White lines and arrows indicate blunt-end stacking. White brackets in a mark the height ofan unstretched square and that ofa square stretched vertically (by a factor .1.5) into an hourglass. White features in f are hairpins; the triangle is labelled as in Fig. 3k but lies facedown. All images and panels without scale bars are the same size, 165nm £ 165nm. Scale bars for lower AFM images: b, 1mm; c–f, 100nm.  \n Design of 2D Origami  \n• Scaffold crossover  \n• Staple crossover  \nStep 1 – Approximate Shape & Add  \nBlue Crossovers  \n• y depends on the gap between helices, typically ~2.6 nm if crossovers are tight (no excess bases)  \n• Odd number of half-turns = ??  \n• Even number of half-turns = ??  \nQ: Why 16 base pairs?  \n2006-Folding DNA to create nanoscale shapes and patterns  \nStep 2:  \nRaster Fill & Add Scaffold Crossovers  \n• Red- ‘scaffold crossovers’  \n• Distance must be an odd number of half-turns  \n• Seam à contour that the path does not cross  \n2006-Folding DNA to create nanoscale shapes and patterns","cbCairNjMLyquxgT","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCairNjMLyquxgT","pdf",32201443,115,"English","# DNA Origami Timeline\n## Comparison of Nanofabrication Methods\n## How DNA Origami Self-Assembles\n## Design of 2D Origami","[{\"question\":\"Who invented DNA origami and when?\",\"answer\":\"DNA origami was invented by Paul Rothemund in 2005. The overview lists subsequent key publications starting from that year.\"},{\"question\":\"How do lithography and DNA self-assembly differ?\",\"answer\":\"Lithography is described as expensive, serial, precise, and requiring ultra-high vacuum or ultraclean conditions or cryogenic temperatures. DNA self-assembly is cheaper, massively parallel, less exact, and works in simple aqueous environments.\"},{\"question\":\"What are scaffold and staple crossovers in 2D DNA origami design?\",\"answer\":\"The overview describes using scaffold crossover and staple crossover steps, along with how crossover spacing relates to the structure. It also emphasizes adding scaffold crossovers and using raster fill with appropriate crossover distances.\"}]","OverviewDNA - DNA Origami | PDF",1789641265,290]