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Participation increased from 7.3% to 30.5%, yet follow-up adherence declined from 63% to 32% and double-contrast barium enema follow-up dropped sharply. 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[https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1432](https://doi.org/10.4143/crt.2022.1432) Cancer Res Treat. 2023;55(3):910-917\u003Cbr>\u003Cbr>Original Article\u003Cbr>Overview of the National Cancer Screening Program for Colorectal Cancer in Korea over 14 Years (2004-2017)\u003Cbr>Bomi Park1 , Eun Young Her2,3 , Kyeongmin Lee3 , Fatima Nari2 , Jae Kwan Jun2,3 , Kui Son Choi2,3 , Mina Suh2,3\u003Cbr>1Department of Preventive Medicine, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, 2National Cancer Control Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, 3Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Korea |  |\n| --- | --- |\n| Purpose This study aimed to evaluate the participation and follow-up test compliance rates and key performance indicators of the National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP) for colorectal cancer (CRC) from 2004 to 2017.\u003Cbr>Materials and Methods The overall outcomes of the NCSP for CRC were analyzed using the NCSP data collected from 2004 to 2017 and the Korean Central Cancer Registry for CRC from 2005 to 2017. We cross-sectionally analyzed the participation and follow-up test compliance rates and performance indicators for each year. The trend of participation rates as an annual percentage change was assessed, and other statistical analyses were performed.\u003Cbr>Results The screening participation rates increased from 7.3% in 2004 to 30.5% in 2017. Additionally, the screening rates were higher among individuals aged 60-69 years and National Health Insurance Service beneficiaries of low-income status. However, the adherence to the follow-up test decreased from 63% in 2004 to 32% in 2017. The follow-up tests using the double-contrast barium enema method decreased from 42.2% in 2004 to 0.3% in 2017. However, follow-up tests by colonoscopy increased from 21.0% in 2004 to 31.8% in 2017. Furthermore, the positivity, false-positive, and interval CRC rates decreased, whereas the specificity increased from 2004 to 2016, indicating improved performance of CRC.\u003Cbr>Conclusion The participation rates and performance of the NCSP for CRC have steadily improved, whereas adherence to follow-up tests has decreased. Additionally, there is a rapid growth in colonoscopy volume as a follow-up test. Continued efforts are required to improve the follow-up rates.\u003Cbr>Key words Colorectal neoplasms, Early detection of cancer, Occult blood, Colonoscopy |  |\n| Introduction | follow-up examination for FIT-positive individuals [10] . |\n|  | Analyzing the accumulated NCSP data and evaluat- |\n| According to the 2017 Global Burden of Disease study, colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer | ing its performance are necessary for further development of the NCSP. Furthermore, high participation in screening, |\n| globally [1] and ranks fourth in the years of life lost [2] . In Korea, the incidence rate of CRC has decreased since 2011; | adherence to follow-up tests after a positive primary test, and high-quality screening programs are essential to ensure |\n| however, it remained the fourth common cancer in 2019, | the effectiveness of the NCSP. Therefore, this study examined |\n| with an incidence rate of 56.5 cases per 100,000 population, following stomach, lung, and thyroid cancers. In addition, CRC ranked third in mortality (17.3 per 100,000), following lung and liver cancers [3] .\u003Cbr>CRC screening reduces the incidence and mortality rates of CRC [4-7], and the fecal occult blood test (FOBT), a noninva- | the participation and follow-up test compliance rates and key performance indicators of the NCSP for CRC from 2004 to 2017. We also investigated if the overall outcome parameters were differed based on the demographic and socioeconomic statuses of the participants. |\n| sive and simple test, has been widely adopted as a national screening tool [8,9] . Moreover, the Korean National Cancer Screening Program (NCSP) for CRC was launched in 2004 | Materials and Methods |\n| and offers an annual fecal immuno","cbCaimMX4qL3YGcQ","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimMX4qL3YGcQ","pdf",1335716,"English","# Purpose\n# Materials and Methods\n# Results\n# Conclusion\n# Key words\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What was the main purpose of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To evaluate participation rates, follow-up test compliance, and key performance indicators of Korea’s NCSP for colorectal cancer from 2004 to 2017.\"},{\"question\":\"How did screening participation and follow-up adherence change from 2004 to 2017?\",\"answer\":\"Participation increased from 7.3% (2004) to 30.5% (2017), while adherence to follow-up tests decreased from 63% to 32%.\"},{\"question\":\"What happened to follow-up test methods over time?\",\"answer\":\"Follow-up using double-contrast barium enema declined from 42.2% (2004) to 0.3% (2017), while colonoscopy increased from 21.0% to 31.8%.\"}]","Overview of the National Cancer Screening Program for Colorectal Cancer in Korea over 14 Years (2004-2017) | PDF",1790562477]