[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-seo-648525-105":3,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":80,"doc-detail-648525-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"ok",{"site_id":7,"language":8,"slug":9,"title":10,"keywords":11,"description":12,"schema_data":13,"social_meta":73,"head_meta":75,"extra_data":77,"updated_unix":79},105,"en","orthographic-projection-horizontal-vertical-and-auxiliary-planes-first-vs-third-angle-projection","Orthographic Projection - Horizontal, Vertical and Auxiliary Planes - First vs Third Angle Projection","","Orthographic projection explains how an object is projected onto different planes using projectors drawn from contour points. It defines the horizontal plane (top view/plan), the vertical plane (front view/elevation), and the auxiliary vertical plane (end view/side view). The notes cover core orthographic principles such as parallel projectors, dimension representation in multiple views, and how right angles and semi-circles are preserved. It then compares first-angle and third-angle projection with five clear differences, including relative positions and regional adoption.",{"@graph":14,"@context":72},[15,34,55],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/exam/","Exam",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/orthographic-projection-horizontal-vertical-and-auxiliary-planes-first-vs-third-angle-projection/648525/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/orthographic-projection-horizontal-vertical-and-auxiliary-planes-first-vs-third-angle-projection/648525.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"OmBimo","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-25","2026-10-23",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":30},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",{"@type":56,"mainEntity":57},"FAQPage",[58,64,68],{"name":59,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":61},"What are the horizontal plane, vertical plane, and auxiliary vertical plane used for?","Question",{"text":62,"@type":63},"The horizontal plane is used for the top view (plan), the vertical plane is used for the front view (elevation), and the auxiliary vertical plane is used for the end view or side view.","Answer",{"name":65,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":66},"What is orthographic projection in terms of projector direction?",{"text":67,"@type":63},"Orthographic projection uses projectors that are parallel to each other and also perpendicular to the projection plane.",{"name":69,"@type":60,"acceptedAnswer":70},"How does first-angle projection differ from third-angle projection?",{"text":71,"@type":63},"In first-angle projection, the object is kept in the first quadrant and the plan comes below the elevation, while in third-angle projection the object is assumed in the third quadrant and the plan comes above the elevation; the positions of observer, object, and projection plane are reversed accordingly.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":74,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":76,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":78,"site_id":7},648525,1792908384,{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":82},"success",[83,87,91,94,99,104,109,114,119,122,126],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":84,"show_sort_weight":85,"slug":86},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":88,"show_sort_weight":89,"slug":90},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":92,"slug":93},70,"exam",{"id":95,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":96,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":98},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":100,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":101,"show_sort_weight":102,"slug":103},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":105,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":106,"show_sort_weight":107,"slug":108},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":110,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":111,"show_sort_weight":112,"slug":113},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":115,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":116,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":118},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":117,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":120,"show_sort_weight":117,"slug":121},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":123,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":124,"show_sort_weight":123,"slug":125},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":128,"show_sort_weight":95,"slug":129},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":81,"data":131},{"doc_id":78,"user_id":132,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":33,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":30,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},962090893581,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","CONVERTED INTO PDF BY  \nMANISH  \nOrthographic Projection  \nOrthographic Projection – Important terms  \nHorizontal Plane  \nA plane parallel to the floor is known as horizontal plane. Orthographic projection of an object on horizontal plane is known as top view (plan) .  \nVertical plane  \nOne plane conveniently selected out of the planes perpendicular to horizontal plane is known as vertical plane. It is known as front view (elevation) .  \nAuxiliary vertical plane  \nA plane perpendicular to both horizontal plane and vertical plane both is known as auxiliary vertical plane . Orthographic projection on A.V.P. is known as end view or side view .  \n• Projection  \nIf straight lines are drawn from various points on the contour of an object to meet a plane, object is said to projected at that plane the figure formed by joining in correct sequence the points at which the lines meet the plane is called a projection of  \nthe object.  \n• Projectors  \nThe lines from the object to the plane are called as the projectors  \n• Plane of projection  \nThe plane on which the projectors meet is known as the plane of projection  \n• Orthographic projection  \nWhen the projectors are parallel to each other and also perpendicular to the projection plane, the projection is called orthographic projection .  \nOrthographic Projection (Top View)  \n• Horizontal Plane  \n• A plane parallel to the floor is known as horizontal plane . Orthographic projection of an object on horizontal plane is known as top view (plan) .  \nOrthographic Projection (Front View)  \n• Vertical plane  \nOne plane conveniently selected out of the planes perpendicular to horizontal plane is known as vertical plane. It is known as front view (elevation) .  \nOrthographic Projection (Right Side View)  \n• Auxiliary vertical plane  \nA plane perpendicular to horizontal plane and vertical plane both is known as auxiliary vertical plane . Orthographic projection on  \nA.V.P. is known as end view or side view .  \nConti…….  \n• Parallel edges ofthe object are shown by parallel lines .  \n• Right angle remains as it is .  \n• Semi circle also remains as such.  \n• Each view show only two dimensions of the object.  \nDifference between First angle projection and  \nThird angle projection  \n\n| No. | First angle projection | Third angle projection |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| 1 | The object is kept in the first quadrant. | The object is assumed to be kept in the third quadrant. |\n| 2 | The object lies between the observer and the plane of projection . | The plane of projection lies between the observer and the object. |\n| 3 | The plane of projection is assumed to be non-transparent. | The plane of projection is assumed to be transparent. |\n| 4 | Plan comes below the elevation and left side view is drawn to the right of elevation . | Plan comes above the elevation and left side view is drawn to the left side of the elevation |\n| 5 | This method of projection is now recommended in India | This method is used in USA and other countries . |\n\nSymbols for 1st & 3rd Angle  \nProjection  \nMULTIVIEW PROJECTION  \nThree principle dimensions of an object …  \nEach view will represented only two dimension .  \nWidth  \nDepth  \nHeight  \nWidth  \nAdjacent view(s) is needed to fulfill the size description .  \nDepth","cbCaiqLN5Dnce7qU","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiqLN5Dnce7qU","pdf",1735211,35,"English","# Orthographic projection\n## Horizontal plane and top view (plan)\n## Vertical plane and front view (elevation)\n## Auxiliary vertical plane and end/side view\n## Key projection terms\n## Orthographic projection rules for multiview\n## First-angle vs third-angle projection","[{\"question\":\"What are the horizontal plane, vertical plane, and auxiliary vertical plane used for?\",\"answer\":\"The horizontal plane is used for the top view (plan), the vertical plane is used for the front view (elevation), and the auxiliary vertical plane is used for the end view or side view.\"},{\"question\":\"What is orthographic projection in terms of projector direction?\",\"answer\":\"Orthographic projection uses projectors that are parallel to each other and also perpendicular to the projection plane.\"},{\"question\":\"How does first-angle projection differ from third-angle projection?\",\"answer\":\"In first-angle projection, the object is kept in the first quadrant and the plan comes below the elevation, while in third-angle projection the object is assumed in the third quadrant and the plan comes above the elevation; the positions of observer, object, and projection plane are reversed accordingly.\"}]","Orthographic Projection - Horizontal, Vertical and Auxiliary Planes - First vs Third Angle Projection | PDF",1792793923,88]