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Traces historical diplomacy and economic networks before European contact, then details how colonial and early U.S. governments pursued coexistence through alliances, treaties, and direct engagement. Cites constitutional provisions and Supreme Court reasoning to argue that Tribal Nations were recognized as distinct sovereign entities from America’s founding.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/origins-and-basics-of-tribal-nation-united-states-diplomatic-relations/605352/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/origins-and-basics-of-tribal-nation-united-states-diplomatic-relations/605352.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Noah","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-16",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What does the document mean by “Tribal Nations” in this context?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"It refers to the 574 federally recognized Tribal Nations engaged in direct political relationships with the U.S. government today.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the document describe Tribal governance and citizenship status over time?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It states that Tribal Nations have governed their citizens through their own governments since time immemorial, and notes that in 1924 Tribal citizens became dual citizens under the Indian Citizenship Act.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the document support the claim that Tribal Nations are distinct sovereign entities in U.S. law?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"It cites constitutional language such as the Indian Commerce Clause and congressional apportionment provisions, and references early Supreme Court explanations describing Indian nations as distinct independent political communities.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},605352,1792431652,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":39,"language":139,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":140,"faqs":141,"seo_title":142,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":143,"read_time":46},8796095462418,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/80000253c1241d02b47?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1778826106357471780","ORIGINS AND BASICS OF TRIBAL NATION– UNITED STATES DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS  \nThe long history of the United States’ failure to uphold its trust and treaty obligations to Tribal Nations, and, specifically, its funding obligations, has resulted in a dire situation requiring a significant investment to bring Tribal Nations up to an adequate baseline. A Marshall Plan for Tribal Nations would serve as the infusion of capital necessary for this task.  \nA. TRIBAL NATIONS HAVE BEEN INHERENT POLITICAL SOVEREIGNS SINCE TIME IMMEMORIAL  \nIt is critical at the outset to have and hold a clear understanding of the status of Tribal Nations, which here refers to the 574 federally recognized Tribal Nations that are engaged in direct political relationships with the U.S. government today.  \nTribal Nations are independent political sovereigns, and our people are our citizens. We are not a conquered people, weare not membership groups, and we are not stakeholders inan interest group. Our Tribal citizens have been governed by our respective Tribal governments since time immemorial. This self-governance of our communities continues today. In fact, it was not until 1924 that Tribal citizens became dual citizens of the United States pursuant to the Indian Citizenship Act. Our dual citizenship required an act of Congress, as the U.S. Supreme Court held that Native people were not citizens under the Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution and had never been naturalized as American citizens through a treaty. We, the first peoples of this land, were the last to be collectively granted the rights that flow from American citizenship.  \nEach Tribal Nation is an individual political sovereign possessing inherent powers of self-governance and authority over our citizens, lands, and resources. We have exercised this authority since time immemorial. We are distinct in terms of our respective internal governing structures.  \nWe are also geographically, socio-politically, culturally, and linguistically diverse. Each of these aspects of Tribal sovereignty and identity must be respected and accounted for in the Nation-to-Nation relationship.  \nTribal Nations have engaged in international diplomacy prior to and since our first sustained contact with European powers began. Before contact, Tribal Nations were sophisticated governments and economic powers in our own right with vast trading networks that stretched into modernday Canada, Mexico, and Central America. After contact, we  \nremained highly entrepreneurial in business arrangements, including with early European explorers and colonists, involving furs, goods, agriculture, and other products and services. Trade with Tribal Nations became increasingly lucrative as colonial activity in the Americas spread. European powers fought with one another for political domination to monopolize Tribal trade opportunities and to exploit Tribal resources.  \nIn addition to economic interactions, Tribal Nations have been involved in political relationships with the United States since before its founding. The governments of the colonies, the First and Second Continental Congresses, and the nascent United States sought co-existence with Tribal Nations. This was advanced through political, military, and trade alliances and peace agreements, as evidenced by the earliest legislative acts and treaties entered into by the United States.  \nThe Second Continental Congress recognized three sovereign units of government in the U.S. Constitution: Tribal Nations, the federal government, and state governments. For example, Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution gives Congress the power “to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Indian tribes.” Known as the “Indian Commerce Clause,” this language is reflective of early federal leaders’ understanding of Tribal Nations as distinct political entities outside of the body politic of the U.S. government. As a result, the federal government was to eng","cbCailjSifMm2KIh","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCailjSifMm2KIh","pdf",62023,"English","# Origins and Basics of Tribal Nation - United States Diplomatic Relations\n## Tribal Nations as inherent political sovereigns\n## International diplomacy before and after European contact\n## Early U.S. constitutional and Supreme Court recognition","[{\"question\":\"What does the document mean by “Tribal Nations” in this context?\",\"answer\":\"It refers to the 574 federally recognized Tribal Nations engaged in direct political relationships with the U.S. government today.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the document describe Tribal governance and citizenship status over time?\",\"answer\":\"It states that Tribal Nations have governed their citizens through their own governments since time immemorial, and notes that in 1924 Tribal citizens became dual citizens under the Indian Citizenship Act.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the document support the claim that Tribal Nations are distinct sovereign entities in U.S. law?\",\"answer\":\"It cites constitutional language such as the Indian Commerce Clause and congressional apportionment provisions, and references early Supreme Court explanations describing Indian nations as distinct independent political communities.\"}]","Origins and Basics of Tribal Nation - United States Diplomatic Relations | PDF",1792132042]