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Patients and Methods: Searches of Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central (from inception through March 18, 2024) included studies reporting adjusted or unadjusted serum OP–T2D associations, excluding type 1 diabetes, self-reported exposure, and studies with fewer than 100 T2D cases. Random-effects pooled odds ratios (95% CI) assessed risk of bias by OPs and classes, with sex- and concentration-stratified analyses. Results: Of 44 studies (83 individual and 38 combination OPs; 54,967 participants), all but 1 had low bias. Ten of 12 OP classes were associated with T2D.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":35,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/organic-pollutants-and-risk-of-type-2-diabetes-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis/440723/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/organic-pollutants-and-risk-of-type-2-diabetes-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis/440723.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Jiven","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-03","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",13,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What was the primary objective of the study?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"To evaluate the associations between organic pollutants (OPs) and the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D).","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Which studies and exposures were included or excluded?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"Included studies reported adjusted or unadjusted associations between serum OP concentrations and T2D risk. Exclusions included studies on type 1 diabetes, self-reported exposure, and studies with fewer than 100 T2D cases.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What were the key findings about OP classes and T2D risk?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"Ten of 12 OP classes showed association with T2D risk. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans had the highest overall association, while patterns differed by sex for certain OP classes.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},440723,1790758740,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":34,"category_name":35,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},1099513958607,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002390cf8733938c?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1778829742770036399","ORIGINAL ARTICLE  \nOrganic Pollutants and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis  \nYousif M. Hydoub, MBBS; Ricardo Loor-Torres, MD; Abdul Qadeer, MBBS; Kinaan Farhan, MBBS; Thaer K. Swaid, MBBS;  \nHanieh Sadat Tabatabaei Yeganeh, MBBS; Joelle N. Friesen, MD;  \nShangwe Kiliaki, CNP, DNP; Iman Fawad, MBBS; Danielle J. Gerberi, MLIS, AHIP; Thirumurugan Prakasam, PhD; Rainer Lohmann, PhD;  \nM. Hassan Murad, MD, MPH; and Sagar B. Dugani, MD, PhD, MPH  \nAbstract  \nObjective: To evaluate the associations between organic pollutants (OPs) and risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D) .  \nPatients and Methods: We searched Medline, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Central from inception through March 18, 2024. We included studies reporting the adjusted or unadjusted association between serum concentration of OPs and risk of T2D. We excluded studies on type 1 diabetes, self-reported exposure, and if fewer than 100 T2D cases. We classified OPs using 2 classification methods and reported pooled risk estimates using a random-effects model (odds ratio [95% CI]) and assessed risk of bias at the levels of OPs and their classes. We conducted sex-and concentration-stratified analyses.  \nResults: From 20,531 articles, we included 44 (0 .2%) studies of 83 individual and 38 combination OPsin 54,967 participants. All but 1 study had low risk of bias. Ten of 12 OP classes were associated with risk of T2D, polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans had the highest association (OR, 2. 54; 95% CI, 1.94- 3.33) . Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins showed a significant association in men (OR, 3.21; 95% CI, 1.81-5. 71) . Polychlorinated biphenyls (OR, 1. 72; 95% CI, 1.55-1.92) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) and DDT-like compounds (OR, 1. 14; 95% CI, 1.01-1.29) showed a significant association in women. Moreover, 28 (33 . 7%) individual and 21 (55 .3%) combination OPs had a significant association. Polychlorinated biphenyl 157 (OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.27-2.92) and organochlorine pesticides (OR, 4.35; 95% CI, 1.90-9.98) had the highest risk of T2D.  \nConclusion: Several OPs were associated with higher risk of T2D. Future work should evaluate the concentration threshold at which OPs increase risk to inform both T2D screening and OP advisories and regulation.  \n© 2025 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier Inc on behalf of Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license ([http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/](http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)) n Mayo Clin Proc Inn Qual Out 2026;10(1):100677  \nT  \nype 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with a substantial burden of morbidity and mortality. Environmental factors,  \nwhich include organic pollutants (OPs), are the third leading risk factor for T2D; however, there is sparse synthesis of the literature on the associations of OPs with risk of T2D.1  \nMany chemicals have been used for their industrial, flame-retardant, and/or microbicidal  \nproperties. For instance, dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) was used worldwide for its microbicidal properties. In 1972, the United States Environmental Protection Agency banned DDT owing to a growing concern over its health effects on animals and humans.2 ,3 Since the late 1990s, studies have reported that many widely used chemicals, or OPs, were associated with a higher risk of T2D,  \nFrom the Department of Cardiology, Sheikh Khalifa Medical City (Y.M.H.), and Division of Internal Medicine, Sheikh Shakhbout Medical City (T.K.S.),  \nAffiliations continued atthe end of this article.  \nMayo Clin Proc Inn Qual Out n February 2026;10(1):100677 n [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2025.100677](https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocpiqo.2025.100677)  \n[www.mcpiqojournal.org](www.mcpiqojournal.org n)[ n](www.mcpiqojournal.org n) © 2025 THE AUTHORS. Published by Elsevier Inc on behalf of Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC","cbCaip9O17Ywwv9o","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaip9O17Ywwv9o","pdf",934278,22,"English","# Abstract\n## Objective\n## Patients and Methods\n## Results\n## Conclusion\n# Background\n# Patients and Methods","[{\"question\":\"What was the primary objective of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To evaluate the associations between organic pollutants (OPs) and the risk of type 2 diabetes (T2D).\"},{\"question\":\"Which studies and exposures were included or excluded?\",\"answer\":\"Included studies reported adjusted or unadjusted associations between serum OP concentrations and T2D risk. Exclusions included studies on type 1 diabetes, self-reported exposure, and studies with fewer than 100 T2D cases.\"},{\"question\":\"What were the key findings about OP classes and T2D risk?\",\"answer\":\"Ten of 12 OP classes showed association with T2D risk. Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-furans had the highest overall association, while patterns differed by sex for certain OP classes.\"}]","Organic Pollutants and Risk of Type 2 Diabetes - A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis | PDF",1790693066,55]