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JONES  \nUniversity of Toronto  \nABSTRACT  \nOntario higher education system has moved far and fast in the past decade. The early 1990s saw “modest modifications and structural stability.” Since 1995, under a neo-liberal government in Ontario, major policy initiatives, with objectives not unlike those already at large in western Europe and most of the United States, have quickly followed one another. The author proposes an explanation of the timing and dynamics of the Ontario reforms, describing the driving forces behind reform.  \nRÉSUMÉ  \nLe système ontarien dʼenseignement supérieur a beaucoup évolué au cours des dix dernières années. Au début des années 1990, il était question de le “modifier modestement en retenant les structures de base.”Depuis 1995, sous un gouvernement néo-libéral en Ontario, de nouvelles politiques importantes, analogues aux politiques déjà en vigueur en Europe  \n40 Glen A. Jones  \nde lʼouest et aux Etats-Unis, se sont multipliées. Lʼauteur propose une explication de la cadence et des dynamiques des réformes ontariennes, endécrivant leurs forces motrices.  \nINTRODUCTION  \nComparative studies of higher education policy published in the early 1990s have documented significant restructuring at system-level in many jurisdictions. The 1980s and early 1990s had been a period of dramatic higher education reform, especially in such English-speaking nations as Australia, New Zealand, and the United Kingdom, but also in certain jurisdictions of continental Europe and Southeast Asia. In contrast to many other jurisdictions, Ontarioʼs system-level higher education policy environment had been comparatively stable since the early 1970s. In the midst of an international trend to large-scale system reform, Ontario (and Canada for that matter) was often seen as an “exception” characterized by modest policy changes within a structure that had been in place for two decades.  \nIn 1995, the higher education policy environment in Ontario began to change. The election of a new Progressive Conservative government under Premier Mike Harris signalled the beginning of the “Common Sense Revolution,” a platform of policy change designed to address the provinceʼs provincial deficit by reducing government expenditures while simultaneously reducing government revenues through cuts to provincial taxes. There have been substantive policy reforms introduced in Ontarioʼs higher education sector, and frequently underscoring the analysis of these changes is the assumption that the province is now following along the well-traveled pathway associated with neo-liberal policy reform.  \nThis article briefly reviews the higher education policy environment of the early 1990s, a period previously described in terms of “modest modifications and structural stability” (Jones, 1991), and revisits the question of why Ontario did not follow broader policy trends that had come to dominate international discussions of higher education. It then  \nThe Canadian Journal of Higher Education Volume XXXIV, No. 3, 2004  \nOntario Higher Education Reform, 1995–2003 41  \ndescribes major policy changes since 1995, and discusses the real and probable impact of these changes. The article then contemplates (and speculates) on why these changes occurred when they did, that is, to try to answer the question of “why now?”  \nMODEST MODIFICATIONS: 1970 TO 1995  \nIn the early 1990s, I worked in two international-comparative projectson higher education policy (Goedegebuure, Kaiser, Maasen, Meek, van Vught & de Weert, 1994; Meek & Goedegebuure, 1991) . Both projects brought together experts from a variety of jurisdictions to discuss and compare national case studies of the “state” of higher education policy, and I prepared the Ontario case (Jones, 1991; 1993; 1994) . T","cbCaihuaTeRfPFuW","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaihuaTeRfPFuW","pdf",164077,16,"English","# Introduction\n## Modest Modifications: 1970 to 1995\n## Ontario Higher Education Reform, 1995–2003","[{\"question\":\"What does the article identify as Ontario’s earlier policy stance in the early 1990s?\",\"answer\":\"It describes a period of “modest modifications and structural stability.”\"},{\"question\":\"What political change began the shift in Ontario higher education policy in 1995?\",\"answer\":\"The election of a new Progressive Conservative government under Premier Mike Harris, marking the start of the “Common Sense Revolution.”\"},{\"question\":\"How does the author frame the central question of the article?\",\"answer\":\"The article asks why Ontario did not follow broader international trends of higher education policy reform and why changes occurred when they did.\"}]","Ontario Higher Education Reform, 1995-2003 - From Modest Modifications to Policy Reform | PDF",1792084675]