[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-46031-en":3,"doc-seo-46031-105":29,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":90},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":13,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":28,"read_time":20},46031,1099514067415,"Rowan","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002539d78ffe74a7?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779092875211072502",8,"Research & Report","On the Regionality of Quranic Codices","Uthmanic codification of the Qur’an described in Muslim sources is examined through material, philological, literary, and phylogenetic evidence. The study gathers orthographic variants recorded in rasm literature and reconstructs a stemma of early Qur’anic manuscripts, identifying four ancestral codices that generate all examined copies. It proposes a neo-Basran regional subgroup linked to a local orthographic reform, clarifies the Syrian exemplar’s dispatch to Hims, and shows that knowledge of regional variants accumulated after canonization through scrutiny of regional mushafs.","ON THE REGIONALITY OFQURANIC CODICES  \nHYTHEM SIDKY  \nIndependent Scholar  \n# Abstract\n\nThe Uthmanic codification of the Qur'an as described by Muslim sourcesincludes the distribution of at least four regional exemplars to Syria,Medina,Basra,and Kufa.Orthographic variants between these codices were identifiedand collected by Muslim scholars in the rasm literature.This paper exploresthe subject of qur’anic regionality through material evidence.Combiningphilological,literary,and phylogenetic analysis,a stemma of early qur'anicmanuscripts is constructed and compared against idealized representations.This process of reconstruction identifies four ancestral codices from whichall examined manuscripts descend.It illuminates the presence of a newregional subgroup I have termed neo-Basran,suggesting a local orthographicreform.Additional evidence is presented for the historicity of the Uthmāniccanonization and the distribution of four regional exemplars.Hims,asopposed to Damascus,is also identified as the city to which the Syrianexemplar was dispatched.Finally,a comparison of literary reports againstthe earliest manuscripts reveals that knowledge of the regional variants doesnot date back to the time of canonization but was accumulated over timethrough careful scrutiny of regional mushafs.  \n# Introduction\n\nNearly fifteen years ago,Fred Donner offered an evaluation of then-recentscholarship on the Qur'an in which he distilled out the most fundamentalquestions for historians and philologists regarding the Islamic scripture.Headmitted that,at the time,\"to ask even one of these questions immediatelyplunges us into realms of grave uncertainty.”One of the questions concerned  \nHYTHEM SIDKY  \nthe standardization of the qur'anic text:“When,how,and by whom was itcodified?2  \nThe traditional answer to this question was,and remains,that the thirdcaliph Uthman b.'Affan (r.24/644-35/656)ordered a standard text to becompiled into a single authoritative codex(mushaf)and then that a number ofcopies be sent out to the major cities;he ordered all older copies,partial orcomplete,to be destroyed.As early as Nöldeke,³scholars in the West arguedthat the traditional Muslim account regarding the Qur'an's codification seemsbroadly credible.  \nReliant on the rasm literature,⁴consisting of works dedicated to maintainingthe archaic spelling of the Qur'an and documenting orthographic differencesbetween mushafs,Nöldeke observed that the variants listed for the mushafs ofKufa,Basra,Medina,and Syria form a stemma.He concludes,in accordancewith the traditional narrative,that there were four original UthmanicQur'ans sent out to the four regions and that the Medinan codex was thearchetype.⁵Cook extended Nöldeke's work by performing a systematicstemmatic analysis of the regional variants and arrived at a more cautiousbut also more refined conclusion.The very fact that the data admit a stemmafree from contamination,Cook reasons,is sufficient to dismiss allegations offabrication since it would require knowledge of stemmatics,which Muslimscholars certainly did not have.6On the other hand,Cook is not so hasty inassigning priority to the Medinan codex.He dutifully notes that the reportsalone are not sufficient to identify a single most probable stemma,and insteadleaves open four possible scenarios(which will be evaluated below).","cbCaicSP0n7FR1x9","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaicSP0n7FR1x9","pdf",724645,5,1,2,"English","en",105,"# Abstract\n# Introduction\n## Traditional account of Uthmanic standardization\n## Rasm literature and stemmatic analysis\n## Competing scenarios for priority","[{\"question\":\"What does the paper aim to investigate about the Qur’an’s regionality?\",\"answer\":\"It explores how Qur’anic regionality can be understood using material evidence and by analyzing orthographic variants preserved in the rasm literature.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the author reconstruct relationships among early Qur’anic manuscripts?\",\"answer\":\"By combining philological, literary, and phylogenetic analysis to construct a stemma and compare it with idealized representations.\"},{\"question\":\"What regional subgroup does the paper propose?\",\"answer\":\"It identifies a new regional subgroup termed neo-Basran, suggesting a local orthographic reform.\"}]",1783470000,{"code":4,"msg":30,"data":31},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":32,"title":13,"keywords":33,"description":14,"schema_data":34,"social_meta":85,"head_meta":87,"extra_data":89,"updated_unix":28},"on-the-regionality-of-quranic-codices","",{"@graph":35,"@context":84},[36,52,67],{"@type":37,"itemListElement":38},"BreadcrumbList",[39,43,46,49],{"item":40,"name":41,"@type":42,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":44,"name":45,"@type":42,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",{"item":47,"name":12,"@type":42,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":50,"name":13,"@type":42,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/on-the-regionality-of-quranic-codices/46031/",4,{"url":50,"name":13,"@type":53,"author":54,"headline":13,"publisher":56,"fileFormat":59,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":60,"datePublished":61,"encodingFormat":59,"isAccessibleForFree":62,"interactionStatistic":63},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":55},"Person",{"url":40,"name":57,"@type":58},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-07-17","2026-07-08",true,{"@type":64,"interactionType":65,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":66},"ViewAction",{"@type":68,"mainEntity":69},"FAQPage",[70,76,80],{"name":71,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":73},"What does the paper aim to investigate about the Qur’an’s regionality?","Question",{"text":74,"@type":75},"It explores how Qur’anic regionality can be understood using material evidence and by analyzing orthographic variants preserved in the rasm literature.","Answer",{"name":77,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":78},"How does the author reconstruct relationships among early Qur’anic manuscripts?",{"text":79,"@type":75},"By combining philological, literary, and phylogenetic analysis to construct a stemma and compare it with idealized representations.",{"name":81,"@type":72,"acceptedAnswer":82},"What regional subgroup does the paper propose?",{"text":83,"@type":75},"It identifies a new regional subgroup termed neo-Basran, suggesting a local orthographic reform.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":50,"og:type":86,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":57,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":88,"canonical":50},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":91},[92,96,100,104,108,113,118,121,126,129,133],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":97,"show_sort_weight":98,"slug":99},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":51,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":101,"show_sort_weight":102,"slug":103},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":105,"show_sort_weight":106,"slug":107},"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":109,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":110,"show_sort_weight":111,"slug":112},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":114,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":115,"show_sort_weight":116,"slug":117},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":119,"slug":120},30,"research-report",{"id":122,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":123,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":125},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":127,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":128},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":130,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":131,"show_sort_weight":130,"slug":132},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":134,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":45,"category_name":135,"show_sort_weight":20,"slug":136},19,"General","general"]