[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-598892-105":59,"doc-detail-598892-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","on-teaching-problem-solving-in-school-mathematics","On Teaching Problem Solving in School Mathematics","","The article reviews global practices in teaching problem solving and explains how the ProMath international research group aims to improve mathematics instruction in schools. It discusses open problem approaches as a method that supports meaningful learning, and links these ideas to objectives in the Finnish curriculum. Evidence is drawn from a Finnish–Chilean project tracking third-grade pupils’ problem-solving skill development. The paper also addresses “teacher change,” arguing that educators must craft routes and implement changes themselves.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/on-teaching-problem-solving-in-school-mathematics/598892/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/on-teaching-problem-solving-in-school-mathematics/598892.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"jay","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-30","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":29},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What definition of problem solving does the article use?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"A situation is treated as a problem when the learner must combine new information in a new way to solve it. If procedures are immediately recognisable, it is a standard routine task or exercise.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How does the ProMath group relate to mathematics teaching?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"ProMath is described as an international research group whose purpose is to improve mathematics teaching in school.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"Why does the article promote open problems in classrooms?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Open problems (open approach) are presented as a method developed to encourage creativity and meaningful discussion, with research attention to their educational potential.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},598892,1792171083,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":29,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145},3985747858866,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_a8503ba1806abce46bf441b54a3ca4cd","On Teaching Problem Solving in School Mathematics  \nErkki Pehkonen*1, Liisa Näveri2, and Anu Laine3  \n• The article begins with a brief overview of the situation throughout the world regarding problem solving. The activities of the ProMath group are then described, as the purpose of this international research group is to improve mathematics teaching in school. One mathematics teaching method that seems to be functioning in school is the use of open problems (i.e., problem fields). Next we discuss the objectives of the Finnish curriculum that are connected with problem solving. Some examples and research results are taken from a Finnish–Chilean research project that monitors the development of problem-solving skills in third grade pupils. Finally, some ideas on “teacher change” are put forward. It is not possible to change teachers, but only to provide hints for possible change routes: the teachers themselves should work out the ideas and their implementation.  \nKeywords: Mathematics teaching; Open problems; Problem solving  \n1 *Corresponding Author. Department of Teacher Education, University of Helsinki, Finland [erkki.pehkonen@helsinki.fi](erkki.pehkonen@helsinki.fi)  \n2 Department of Teacher Education, University of Helsinki, Finland  \n3 Department of Teacher Education, University of Helsinki, Finland  \nO poučevanju reševanja problemov v šolski matematiki  \nErkki Pehkonen*, Liisa Näveri and Anu Laine  \n• Začetek članka je posvečen pregledu razmer v svetu glede reševanja problemov. Nato so opisane dejavnosti skupine ProMath; namen temednarodne raziskovalne skupine je izboljšanje pouka matematike v šoli. Metoda, ki bi lahko funkcionirala v šoli, je uporaba odprtih problemov (tj. problemska polja) . Sledi razprava o ciljih finskega kurikuluma, ki so povezani z reševanjem problemov. Nekateri primeri so vzeti iz finsko-čilenskega raziskovalnega projekta, ki spremlja razvoj kompetenc reševanja problemov pri učencih tretjega razreda. Na koncu je podanihnekaj idej glede »spreminjanja učiteljev« . Ni namreč mogoče spremeniti učiteljev, mogoče je podati le namige za spremembo razmišljanja – učitelji bi morali sami poiskati ideje in način izvedbe.  \nKljučne besede: poučevanje matematike, odprti problemi, reševanje problemov  \nProblem solving has a long tradition in school mathematics, and has many facets and characterisations. In order to facilitate understanding, we therefore begin by providing a definition of problem solving (cf. Kantowski, 1980): a situation is said to be a problem when an individual must combine (for him/her) new information in a (for him/her) new way in order to solve the problem. If the individual can immediately recognise the procedures needed, the situation is a standard task (or a routine task or exercise). The term non-standard task is often used in reference to a task that one cannot usually find in mathematics books.  \nAn Overview Of Problem-Solving Research  \nSince the United States is still the pioneer in the development of mathematics teaching, we will begin with the advances there. Schröder and Lester (1989), for instance, introduced three aims for using problem solving in mathematics teaching. They pointed out that problem solving should not be considered only as teaching content, but also as a teaching method. Later, in Standards for School Mathematics (NCTM, 2000), problem solving is mentioned as a teaching method with which one can improve the quality of mathematics teaching in school.  \nThe key ideas of problem solving seem to have spread around the world, as we can see in the published overview papers. In the last ten years, a number of overview papers have been published in which the situation of problem solving has been described in several countries. The Proceedings of the ICME-9 Topic Study Group (Pehkonen, 2001), for example, is a compound of overview papers regarding problem solving from different continents. In this compound, the development of problem solving in all of the countries cove","cbCaie4fqd5QJdhd","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaie4fqd5QJdhd","pdf",170492,15,"English","# Introduction\n# An Overview Of Problem-Solving Research\n## Problem solving aims in the United States\n# One step further: open problem solving\n## Open approach in Japan and investigations in England\n## Critiques and international perspectives","[{\"question\":\"What definition of problem solving does the article use?\",\"answer\":\"A situation is treated as a problem when the learner must combine new information in a new way to solve it. If procedures are immediately recognisable, it is a standard routine task or exercise.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the ProMath group relate to mathematics teaching?\",\"answer\":\"ProMath is described as an international research group whose purpose is to improve mathematics teaching in school.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does the article promote open problems in classrooms?\",\"answer\":\"Open problems (open approach) are presented as a method developed to encourage creativity and meaningful discussion, with research attention to their educational potential.\"}]","On Teaching Problem Solving in School Mathematics | PDF",1792087794,38]