[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-580995-105":59,"doc-detail-580995-en":129},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":122,"head_meta":124,"extra_data":126,"updated_unix":128},105,"en","on-justification-in-moral-education","On Justification in Moral Education","","Examines a central problem in moral education: how teachers can instill basic moral standards while avoiding wrongful indoctrination, given that there is widespread reasonable disagreement about what morality requires and why it is justified. Analyzes two proposed solutions by Hand (2018a) and White (2016), defending White’s altruism/wellbeing justification against Hand’s criticisms. Uses an analogy to argue moral standards need not be metaethically justified in full to children and concludes for a pluralistic teaching approach.",{"@graph":69,"@context":121},[70,84,104],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":45,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/religion-spirituality/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/on-justification-in-moral-education/580995/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":98,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":99,"interactionStatistic":100},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/on-justification-in-moral-education/580995.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Rowan","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":101,"interactionType":102,"userInteractionCount":4},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":103},"ViewAction",{"@type":105,"mainEntity":106},"FAQPage",[107,113,117],{"name":108,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":110},"What puzzle does the essay address in moral education?","Question",{"text":111,"@type":112},"It asks how moral educators can teach children basic moral standards and also justify those standards without wrongfully indoctrinating them, especially when people reasonably disagree about morality’s content and justification.","Answer",{"name":114,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":115},"How do Hand and White differ on how basic moral standards should be justified?",{"text":116,"@type":112},"Hand favors a rational moral contractarian kind of justification, while White proposes justification grounded in considerations of human wellbeing.",{"name":118,"@type":109,"acceptedAnswer":119},"What is the essay’s view on teaching reasons for moral standards to children?",{"text":120,"@type":112},"It defends a pluralistic approach: moral standards do not need to be metaethically justified all the way down to be taught in a way that avoids wrongful indoctrination.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":123,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":125,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":127,"site_id":62},580995,1792038646,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":130},{"doc_id":127,"user_id":131,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":132,"doc_module":4,"category_id":44,"category_name":45,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":133,"file_id":134,"file_url":135,"file_type":136,"file_size":137,"view_count":4,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":44,"language":138,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":139,"faqs":140,"seo_title":141,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":128,"read_time":142},1099514067415,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/100002539d78ffe74a7?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779092875211072502","On Justification in Moral Education   \nE. R. PRENDERGAST Utah Tech University  \nTeachers engaged in moral education face a puzzle. We aim to bring children up to believe in and subscribe to basic moral standards such as prohibitions against harming others and requirements to help when we can. At the same time, there is widespread reasonable disagreement about the content andjustification of morality, and teaching standards asjustified when there is reasonable disagreement is wrongfully indoctrinatory. I analyze two answers to the puzzle, posed by Hand (2018a) and White (2016), defending White’s education in altruism approach against Hand’s criticisms by drawingfrom an analogy with the teaching of standards andprinciples in other subjects. Moral standards need not be metaethicallyjustified to children all the way down, like how we need not teach children the metaphysicalfoundations of math and science in order to teach the standards of math and science in a way that does not wrongfully indoctrinate them. I conclude in favor of a pluralistic approach to teaching the reasons to abide by basic moral standards.  \nIntroduction  \nMoral education is an important part of human growth. As children, we often begin to learn about morality from our parents at home. We learn about it from social experiences with our peers. Some of us learn about it in church from faith leaders. Some moral lessons are imparted by teachers during formal schooling or in response to roughhousing during recess. Sometimes a moral lesson is verbal and direct, like when a parent chastises a child for hitting their sibling because it’s wrong to harm others. Sometimes the lesson is indirect and experiential, like the kind of learning that happens when we realize we hurt a friend’s feelings, and we experience a sinking, regretful feeling of our own. Some of the lessons come from the books we read, such as learning how to follow the golden rule from The Berenstain Bears, or from film and television, such as the lessons children learn about how to be good to their neighbors while watching Mr. Rodgers’ Neighborhood.  \nThis essay focuses on a puzzle that arises for moral educators. In A Theory of Moral Education, Michael Hand (2018a) argues that there is a tension that all moral educators face (both in school and in the home). On the one hand, morality is something that must be learned. We teach children to understand what morality requires of them with the goal that they will subscribe to moral standards and believe those moral standards to be justified. On the other hand, there is widespread reasonable disagreement about the content and justification of morality, and teaching standards as justified when there is reasonable disagreement is wrongfully indoctrinatory.  \nI analyze two possible answers to the puzzle, one posited by Michael Hand (2018a) and the other suggested by John White (2016). Both Hand and White agree that there are basic moral standards that we can teach to children alongside their justification while avoiding wrongful indoctrination. Hand argues that the justification for basic moral standards that we teach to children should be of a rational moral contractarian sort while White suggests a justification based on considerations of human wellbeing. In defense of White’s view, I respond to Hand’s charge that White does not fully spell out the argument for the wellbeing justification for basic moral standards. I argue that White’s suggested justification needs no  \nfurther argument, drawing an analogy with the teaching of standards and principles in other subjects. I conclude in favor of a pluralistic approach to teaching the reasons to abide by basic moral standards.  \nTeaching Morality Without Indoctrination  \nThe basic moral standards at issue in this essay are almost universally uncontroversial and widespread across human societies. They include prohibitions on killing, harming, stealing, and lying, and requirements to help those in need and treat peo","cbCaimDmviM2IyYl","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimDmviM2IyYl","pdf",220179,"English","# Introduction\n# Teaching Morality Without Indoctrination","[{\"question\":\"What puzzle does the essay address in moral education?\",\"answer\":\"It asks how moral educators can teach children basic moral standards and also justify those standards without wrongfully indoctrinating them, especially when people reasonably disagree about morality’s content and justification.\"},{\"question\":\"How do Hand and White differ on how basic moral standards should be justified?\",\"answer\":\"Hand favors a rational moral contractarian kind of justification, while White proposes justification grounded in considerations of human wellbeing.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the essay’s view on teaching reasons for moral standards to children?\",\"answer\":\"It defends a pluralistic approach: moral standards do not need to be metaethically justified all the way down to be taught in a way that avoids wrongful indoctrination.\"}]","On Justification in Moral Education | PDF",23]