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Silencing OCIAD2 reduces migration, invasion, and colony formation, while GSEA and metabolic assays show impaired OXPHOS and a shift toward glycolysis. Results position OCIAD2 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/ociad2-promotes-cancer-progression-via-metabolic-reprogramming-in-lung-adenocarcinoma/376267/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/ociad2-promotes-cancer-progression-via-metabolic-reprogramming-in-lung-adenocarcinoma/376267.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Elsa","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-31","2026-09-24",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is OCIAD2 and why was it studied in lung adenocarcinoma?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"OCIAD2 is an uncharacterized protein encoded by chromosome 4. It was studied because limited proteomic evidence and the high incidence of lung adenocarcinoma require identifying proteins involved in cancer progression.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How does OCIAD2 expression relate to patient outcomes?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"OCIAD2 is highly expressed in tumor tissues across most lung adenocarcinoma patients in the study cohort, and higher expression correlates with worse survival.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What biological effects occur when OCIAD2 is silenced?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Silencing OCIAD2 decreases cell migration, invasion, and colony-forming ability, indicating a functional role in tumor-promoting behaviors.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},376267,1790545168,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146},137455077381,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_994ba38a5ba835b3df7d355c54d3ed8d","This article is licensed under CC-BY 4.0   \n[pubs.acs.org/jpr](pubs.acs.org/jpr)  Article   \nOCIAD2 Promotes Cancer Progression via Metabolic Reprogramming in Lung Adenocarcinoma  \nYi-Hui Huang, Wen-Hsin Chang, Chi-Ya Shen, Kang-Yi Su, Gee-Chen Chang, Jin-Shing Chen, Wen-Yao Lee, Yu-Ju Chen, and Sung-Liang Yu*  \n Cite This: J. Proteome Res. 2025, 24, 4139−4153  \nRead Online  \n\n|  |  |  |  |  |  |\n| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |\n| ACCESS   | Metrics & More |  |  Article Recommendations |  | *sı Supporting Information |\n\nABSTRACT: Given the limited proteomic insights and high incidence of lung adenocarcinoma, further investigation ofuncharacterized proteins in cancer progression remains crucial. In this study, a poorly characterized protein, OCIA domaincontaining 2 (OCIAD2), encoded by chromosome 4 was identified as being upregulated in lung adenocarcinoma from our previous proteogenomics data using the Taiwan Cancer Moonshot cohort. OCIAD2 was highly expressed in tumor tissues in 95.5% of lung adenocarcinoma patients in our cohort, with elevated expression correlating with worse survival. Functional studies revealed that the silencing of the OCIAD2 decreased cell migration, invasion, and colony-forming abilities. Gene Set Enrichment Analysis (GSEA) indicated the involvement of OCIAD2 in oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Subsequently, mitochondrial metabolic assay demonstrated that OCIAD2 impairs OXPHOS function, accompanied by a metabolic shift toward glycolysis. These findings suggest that OCIAD2 promotes cancer progression through metabolic reprogramming, highlighting the role of OCIAD2 as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for lung adenocarcinoma.  \nKEYWORDS: Ovarian Cancer Immunoreactive Antigen Domain Containing 2, Lung adenocarcinoma, Chromosome-centric Human Proteome Project, Uncharacterized protein existence level 1  \n■ INTRODUCTION  \nFollowing the successful completion of the Human Genome Project (HGP), the identification and functional annotation of cognate protein products have expanded rapidly. Nevertheless, approximately 30% of protein-coding genes lacked proteinlevel evidence in 2010, prompting the Human Proteome Organization (HUPO) to launch the global Human Proteome Project (HPP) to map the entire human proteome for a deeper understanding of human biological systems and disease.1 Notably, around 6.5% of protein-coding genes remain without direct protein-level evidence as of 2024, underscoring the importance of continuously completing this project.2 One international collaborative initiative of HPP is the Chromosome-centric HPP (C-HPP), which aims to identify and map all human protein sets in a chromosome-centric manner.3 A key mission of this initiative is to identify the uncharacterized protein existence level 1 (uPE1), which is devoid of any functional annotation in neXtProt, and missing proteins (MPs), which are defined as proteins that lack sufficient experimental data from mass spectrometry (MS) or other proteomic methods to qualify as protein existence level 1 (PE1), also need to be detected. Completing these investigations will not only lead to a more comprehensive  \nunderstanding of the human proteome but also facilitate the discovery of novel cellular regulators, potential therapeutic targets, and biomarkers relevant to human biology and disease.4  \nLung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), the predominant histologic subtype accounting for 50% of all lung cancer cases,5 has recently benefited from significant advances in early diagnosis and molecular therapeutics such as targeted therapy and immunotherapy.6,7 Nevertheless, its high incidence and limited 5-year survival rate remain critical challenges.5,8 Emerging evidence shows that characterizing the proteome to identify novel molecular biomarkers can improve clinical outcomes in LUAD,9, 10 as proteins serve as the functional effectors of cells. Consequently, conducting proteomic studies of lung adenocarcinoma is essential to obtain a comprehensive","cbCaisQ6b0X3cF0Q","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaisQ6b0X3cF0Q","pdf",5729598,15,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction","[{\"question\":\"What is OCIAD2 and why was it studied in lung adenocarcinoma?\",\"answer\":\"OCIAD2 is an uncharacterized protein encoded by chromosome 4. It was studied because limited proteomic evidence and the high incidence of lung adenocarcinoma require identifying proteins involved in cancer progression.\"},{\"question\":\"How does OCIAD2 expression relate to patient outcomes?\",\"answer\":\"OCIAD2 is highly expressed in tumor tissues across most lung adenocarcinoma patients in the study cohort, and higher expression correlates with worse survival.\"},{\"question\":\"What biological effects occur when OCIAD2 is silenced?\",\"answer\":\"Silencing OCIAD2 decreases cell migration, invasion, and colony-forming ability, indicating a functional role in tumor-promoting behaviors.\"}]","OCIAD2 Promotes Cancer Progression via Metabolic Reprogramming in Lung Adenocarcinoma | PDF",1790217992,38]