[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-332328-105":59,"doc-detail-332328-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","occupational-exposure-to-diesel-exhausts-and-pancreatic-cancer-correspondence","Occupational exposure to diesel exhausts and pancreatic cancer - Correspondence","","Correspondence discussing evidence on whether occupational exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) causally influences pancreatic cancer (PC) risk. It reviews prior epidemiological findings with inconsistent conclusions, then describes a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) approach using UK Biobank exposure GWAS and FinnGen PC outcome GWAS. MR methods include IVW and sensitivity analyses (weighted median, modes, MR-Egger, and related tests) with heterogeneity and pleiotropy assessments. Results indicate no causal association between DE exposure and PC risk, supported by concordant estimates and the absence of outliers and pleiotropy.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/occupational-exposure-to-diesel-exhausts-and-pancreatic-cancer-correspondence/332328/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/occupational-exposure-to-diesel-exhausts-and-pancreatic-cancer-correspondence/332328.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Oliver","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",13,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"Why is the relationship between occupational diesel exhaust exposure and pancreatic cancer debated?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"Prior studies and reviews have reported conflicting findings, ranging from no significant association to only marginal risk increases. The debate motivates a causal inference approach rather than relying solely on observational correlations.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"What method is used to test causality in this correspondence?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) framework is used, treating genetic variants as instrumental variables for DE exposure and then assessing their association with pancreatic cancer risk.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What do the MR results conclude about diesel exhaust exposure and pancreatic cancer risk?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The IVW analysis indicates no causal association between occupational DE exposure and PC risk. Sensitivity approaches show consistent effect directions and no evidence of heterogeneity, pleiotropy, or outliers.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},332328,1790621793,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":14,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":24,"preview_page_count":4},8796095461610,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_276721f389ce27ea32af1340a28f341c","’Correspondence  \nOccupational exposure to diesel exhausts and  \npancreatic cancer  \nPeng Ge, MDa,b,d , Yalan Luo, MDc , Hailong Chena,b,d,*  \nDear Editor,  \nThe cross-sectional study published in the International Journal of Surgery by Li et al. [1] piqued our interest because it demonstrated that smoking, high body mass index, and high fasting plasma glucose all increased the risk of early-onset pancreatic cancer (PC) . Their results are a foundation for informing public health and prevention strategies about PC. Environmental factors constitute a significant etiology of cancer. For instance, occupational exposure to diesel exhaust (DE) is a risk factor for lung cancer[2] . Nevertheless, the causal relationship between occupational exposure to DE and the risk of PC remains a subject of debate. A previous epidemiological analysis of 26 studies concluded that occupational exposure to DE did not significantly increase PC risk[3] . Sassano et al. [4] discovered, however, in a recent systematic review of 15 studies, that occupational DE exposure marginally increased the risk of PC. The intricate correlation between occupational exposure to DE and PC is examined in this paper.  \nAlthough randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are widely regarded as the gold standard for assessing causal effects, their implementation often encounters challenges related to ethics, subject compliance, and study periods. Mendelian randomization (MR) replicates the relationship between exposure and outcome by constructing the ‘instrumental variables (IVs)-outcome’effect[5] . It employs genetic variation as an IV. Based on the benefits of efficiently eliminating the impact of confounding variables and reverse causal interference, the use of MR in epidemiological research is expanding. This paper investigated the  \naDepartment of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, bLaboratory of Integrative Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, cDepartment of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University and dInstitute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, Liaoning, People’s Republic of China  \nSponsorships or competing interests that maybe relevant to content are disclosed atthe end of this article.  \n*Corresponding author. Address: Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Zhongshan Road 222, Dalian 116011, Liaoning, People ’s Republic of China. Tel.: +0411 8363 5963.  \n[E-mail: chenhailong@dmu.edu.cn](E-mail: chenhailong@dmu.edu.cn) (H. Chen).  \nCopyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, which allows others to remix, tweak, and build upon the work, even for commercial purposes, as long as the author is credited and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.  \nInternational Journal of Surgery (2024) 110:5226–5227  \nReceived 8 April 2024; Accepted 14 April 2024  \nSupplemental Digital Content is available for this article. Direct URL citations are provided in the HTML and PDF versions of this article on the journal's website, [www.lww.com/international-journal-of-surgery](www.lww.com/international-journal-of-surgery).  \nPublished online 3 May 2024  \n[http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JS9.0000000000001498](http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/JS9.0000000000001498)  \ncausal relationship between occupational exposure to DE and PC risk using a two-sample MR approach.  \nThe genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of exposure (Workplace had a lot of diesel exhaust: Often) were obtained from the UK Biobank, including 3483 cases and 85 621 controls. From the FinnGen Consortium (R10), GWAS data for outcome (PC), including 1626 cases and 314 193 controls, were obtained. Genetic variation associated with exposure was filtered in light of three fundamental hypotheses. To ensure th","cbCaimJJ0xuJqEu6","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaimJJ0xuJqEu6","pdf",206825,"English","# Background and motivation\n# Study rationale and methodological approach\n## Mendelian randomization design\n## GWAS sources and instrument selection\n# Statistical analyses and results\n## Main IVW estimate\n## Heterogeneity and pleiotropy checks\n# Interpretation and implications","[{\"question\":\"Why is the relationship between occupational diesel exhaust exposure and pancreatic cancer debated?\",\"answer\":\"Prior studies and reviews have reported conflicting findings, ranging from no significant association to only marginal risk increases. The debate motivates a causal inference approach rather than relying solely on observational correlations.\"},{\"question\":\"What method is used to test causality in this correspondence?\",\"answer\":\"A two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) framework is used, treating genetic variants as instrumental variables for DE exposure and then assessing their association with pancreatic cancer risk.\"},{\"question\":\"What do the MR results conclude about diesel exhaust exposure and pancreatic cancer risk?\",\"answer\":\"The IVW analysis indicates no causal association between occupational DE exposure and PC risk. Sensitivity approaches show consistent effect directions and no evidence of heterogeneity, pleiotropy, or outliers.\"}]","Occupational exposure to diesel exhausts and pancreatic cancer - Correspondence | PDF",1789997740]