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This study diagnoses why Technical Education targets remain unmet and proposes solutions. Qualitative findings come from 30 semi-structured expert interviews and indicate that insufficient funding, outdated curricula, and weak coordination and industry-institute linkage limit results. Recommendations include periodic curricula revision, stronger private-sector participation, structured training, and establishing an independent University of Technical Education.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/obstacles-in-the-enhancement-of-technical-education-in-pakistan-views-and-reviews/595831/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/obstacles-in-the-enhancement-of-technical-education-in-pakistan-views-and-reviews/595831.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Fans","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-06","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":19},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"What is the main purpose of the study?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"To diagnose the causes of why Technical Education targets are not achieved in Pakistan and to suggest practical solutions to the identified problems.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"How was the study’s qualitative data collected?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"Through thirty (30) semi-structured interviews with experts, including DAE alumni, faculty members, policymakers, and other technical education experts, using purposive sampling.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"What key obstacles are reported for improving Technical Education in Pakistan?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"The study highlights inadequate funding, outdated curricula needing periodic revision, weak coordination among stakeholders, and a weak industry-institute linkage.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},595831,1792209692,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":19,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},5909892330395,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Obstacles in the Enhancement of Technical Education in Pakistan: Views and Reviews  \nAhmed Raza * and Muhammad Ibrahim Khalid **  \nAbstract  \nMost of the policy makers of developed and developing countries declare Technical Education, a master key for the swift economic growth of a nation. Regrettably, the evidences show that Technical Education could not play the expected role in the industrial and economic growth of Pakistan. The study aimed to diagnose the causes of not achieving set targets of Technical education in Pakistan and to suggest the solutions to these problems. The qualitative data were collected through thirty (30) semi- structured interviews of experts, comprising alumni of Diploma of Associate Engineers (DAE), faculty members, policymakers and other experts of Technical Education in Pakistan by using purposive sampling technique. The data analysis reflects that, the dire need to improve funding for Technical Education is quite indispensible, the curricula is outdated and need to be revised periodically, the improved coordination between different stakeholders of Technical Education can uplift the teaching- learning environment. The study further indicates that, the industry-institute linkage is weak in the country, it is suggested that an effective industry-institute linkage is necessary to improve quality of Technical Education in the country, participation of private sector in Technical Education needs to be improved and system should be developed for periodic revision of curricula and organized professional/ industrial training of students and faculty members. An independent University of Technical Education should be established to enhance the opportunities of higher Technical Education in the country.  \nKeywords: Technical education, obstacles, enhancement, key-factors, global trends.  \n* Senior Instructor, Government College of Technology, Raiwind Road, Lahore-Pakistan.  \n** Director (R) Division of Education, University of Education, Lahore-Pakistan.  \nEmail: [ahmedraza.pk@gmail.com](ahmedraza.pk@gmail.com)  \nIntroduction  \nWith advancement in technology our native planet Earth has become a global village, the effects of these developments in technology are being transferred from one country to another rapidly. The world of work is demanding more knowledgeable and skilled man power to run the industry, that’s why almost all developed and developing countries are concentrating more and more on development of Technical Vocational Education and Training (TVET) . To control the increasing un-employment, promoting entrepreneurship (self-employment), alleviate poverty and for industrial/economic growth; Technical Education is being used as a master-key (Quisumbing, 2013. Pg.26) . Javied and Hyder (2009) have expressed that, the term Technical Education refers to post-secondary courses of study (Diploma of Associate Engineer) and practical training aimed at preparation of technicians to work as middle level supervisory staff; whereas the Vocational Education refers to lower level Education and training for the preparation of semi-skilled and skilled workers in various trades. The duration of Vocational and Technical Educational programs ranges from three months to three years, similarly entry qualifications also vary according to the program. A three year course known as Diploma of Associate Engineer (DAE) is main program of the Technical Education in country.  \nThe education sector in Pakistan has been growing steadily over the past seventy years; Gujjar and Chaudhry (2009) state that the Technical Education could not spread out at the same frequency, as general education. Pakistan is facing an ever increasing ratio of un-employment in youth, while the industry is lacking for appropriately trained manpower this gap can be covered by focusing on quality Technical Education in country.  \n“We have tried to educate the mind but failed to educate the emotions and the will. Overemphasis on knowledge and skills has","cbCail4nAsDWwoLo","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCail4nAsDWwoLo","pdf",153281,11,"English","# Introduction\n# Abstract\n# Keywords\n## Background and definitions\n## Pakistan’s technical education challenges","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To diagnose the causes of why Technical Education targets are not achieved in Pakistan and to suggest practical solutions to the identified problems.\"},{\"question\":\"How was the study’s qualitative data collected?\",\"answer\":\"Through thirty (30) semi-structured interviews with experts, including DAE alumni, faculty members, policymakers, and other technical education experts, using purposive sampling.\"},{\"question\":\"What key obstacles are reported for improving Technical Education in Pakistan?\",\"answer\":\"The study highlights inadequate funding, outdated curricula needing periodic revision, weak coordination among stakeholders, and a weak industry-institute linkage.\"}]","Obstacles in the Enhancement of Technical Education in Pakistan - Views and Reviews | PDF",1792081947,28]