[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"doc-detail-115146-en":3,"doc-seo-115146-105":31,"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":93},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",{"doc_id":7,"user_id":8,"nickname":9,"user_avatar":10,"doc_module":4,"category_id":11,"category_name":12,"doc_title":13,"doc_description":14,"doc_content":15,"file_id":16,"file_url":17,"file_type":18,"file_size":19,"view_count":20,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":21,"is_downloadable":21,"audit_status":21,"page_count":22,"language":23,"language_code":24,"site_id":25,"html_lang":24,"table_of_contents":26,"faqs":27,"seo_title":28,"seo_description":14,"update_tm":29,"read_time":30},115146,7971461741311,"Ophelia","https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/74000253aff267980c6?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1779345379180704826",8,"Research & Report","Observation ofFloquet rotational super-radiance - Hadiseh Nasari","Time-driven systems enable wave control through spatiotemporal modulation, allowing effective motion and related effects such as Doppler-induced nonreciprocity and rotational-Doppler-driven energy extraction from rotating media. Experimental access has been constrained by the extreme rotation speeds required mechanically. Floquet-induced rotation overcomes this limitation using purely spatiotemporal modulation, producing angular-momentum bandgaps and parametric processes that extract energy efficiently. An experimental ring network of time-modulated resonators demonstrates rotational superradiance via non-Hermitian and parametric dynamics.","Observation ofFloquet rotational super-radiance  \n\n| [https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10725-y](https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10725-y)\u003Cbr>Received: 20 August 2025 Accepted: 28 May 2026 Published online: 8 July 2026\u003Cbr> Check for updates | Hadiseh Nasari1,4, Hady Moussa1,2,4, Yoshiaki Kasahara1, Arno Thielens1 & Andrea Alù1,2,3 ✉\u003Cbr>Time-driven systems provide a framework for controlling waves through spatiotemporal modulation, which enables the synthesis of effective motion without mechanical displacement1–7. Within this framework, travelling-wave modulationscan emulate moving media and give rise to phenomena such as Doppler-induced nonreciprocity8–10. A related effect is the extraction of energy from rotating media, which has been theoretically predicted to occur when waves experience sufficiently large rotational Doppler shifts11–17. Experimental access to this regime has remained limited duetothe extreme rotation speeds required in mechanically rotating systems18–21.\u003Cbr>Here we show that Floquet-induced rotation enables access to such ultrafast rotational regimes using purely spatio-temporal modulation. When spinning at effective superluminalspeeds, angular-momentum bandgaps emerge in the band structure of the underlying space–time crystal. These gaps host parametric processes that efficiently extract energy from the Floquet-rotating medium, resulting in angularmomentum-selective amplification of orbital waves within a dissipation-shaped spectral bandwidth. We realize this effect experimentally in a ring network of timemodulated resonators, where we observe a Floquet regime of rotational superradiance mediated by non-Hermitian and parametric dynamics in space–time structured media. These results demonstrate a controllable platform for studying rotational energy transfer and angular-momentum-dependent wave amplification in space–time-modulated media. |  |\n| --- | --- | --- |\n| Building upon seminal studies of time-varying media from the last |  | conservation, an aspect manifested in the emergence of amplifying |\n| century22, a flurry of emerging research has been leveraging time |  | modes in momentum gaps37. |\n| as a powerful degree of freedom for wave control and has unlocked |  | In view of the distinctive physical context offered by time-like photonic |\n| new frontiers in wave–matter interactions1–3,23–26. As phenomeno- |  | crystals enabled by synthetic motion at superluminal speeds, the pre- |\n| logical studies continue to unveil emerging Floquet phenomena in |  | sent work ventures into the uncharted regime where ultrafast Floquet- |\n| photonic systems, the ensuing insights have been fuelling interest in |  | based rotations enable access to long-sought wave dynamics associated |\n| their implications for new wave–matter interactions4–7,27–30. A promi- |  | with extreme rotational Doppler shifts. When interacting with rapidly |\n| nent scenario unfolds when the constitutive parameters ofa mate- |  | rotating bodies, both classical and quantum waves may undergo ampli- |\n| rial undergo periodic modulations in both space and time, following |  | fication, as predicted by Zel’dovich more than halfa century ago15–17. |\n| travelling-wave patterns8–10, and effectively emulating the dynamics of |  | Inspired by earlier ideas by Penrose about black hole physics (Fig. 1a), |\n| moving media. In this vein, non-reciprocal electromagnetic responses— |  | this super-radiance mechanism implies that electromagnetic energy |\n| traditionally reliant on gyromagnetic interactions—have been demon- |  | could be extracted from a fast-rotating body11–14,38 (Fig. 1b). Accord- |\n| strated through dynamic modulations that break time-reversalsymme- |  | ing to this theory, classical waves carrying orbital angular momentum |\n| try and mimic mechanical motion9,31–34. Notably, the effective velocity |  | (OAM) experience amplification upon radial reflection from a spinning, |\n| of this synthetic motion can assume arbitrary values without viol","cbCaiiccWe9AR8e8","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiiccWe9AR8e8","pdf",10457421,7,1,11,"English","en",105,"# Introduction\n## Time-driven wave control and Doppler effects\n## Rotational energy extraction and experimental challenges\n# Floquet-induced rotational super-radiance\n## Spatiotemporal modulation and angular-momentum bandgaps\n## Parametric amplification in a non-Hermitian regime\n# Experimental realization\n## Ring network of time-modulated resonators\n## Observed Floquet regime and implications","[{\"question\":\"What enables rotational superradiance in this work without mechanical rotation?\",\"answer\":\"Floquet-induced rotation is realized using purely spatiotemporal modulation of a space–time crystal, avoiding the extreme speeds required by mechanically rotating systems.\"},{\"question\":\"How do angular-momentum bandgaps arise in the Floquet framework?\",\"answer\":\"When the system effectively spins at superluminal speeds, angular-momentum bandgaps emerge in the band structure of the underlying space–time crystal.\"},{\"question\":\"What role do parametric and non-Hermitian dynamics play experimentally?\",\"answer\":\"In the ring network of time-modulated resonators, the effect is mediated by non-Hermitian and parametric processes that produce angular-momentum-selective amplification within a dissipation-shaped spectral bandwidth.\"}]","Observation ofFloquet rotational super-radiance - Hadiseh Nasari | PDF",1785447904,28,{"code":4,"msg":32,"data":33},"ok",{"site_id":25,"language":24,"slug":34,"title":13,"keywords":35,"description":14,"schema_data":36,"social_meta":88,"head_meta":90,"extra_data":92,"updated_unix":29},"observation-of-floquet-rotational-super-radiance-hadiseh-nasari","",{"@graph":37,"@context":87},[38,55,70],{"@type":39,"itemListElement":40},"BreadcrumbList",[41,45,49,52],{"item":42,"name":43,"@type":44,"position":21},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":46,"name":47,"@type":44,"position":48},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":50,"name":12,"@type":44,"position":51},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":53,"name":13,"@type":44,"position":54},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/observation-of-floquet-rotational-super-radiance-hadiseh-nasari/115146/",4,{"url":53,"name":13,"@type":56,"author":57,"headline":13,"publisher":59,"fileFormat":62,"inLanguage":24,"description":14,"dateModified":63,"datePublished":64,"encodingFormat":62,"isAccessibleForFree":65,"interactionStatistic":66},"DigitalDocument",{"name":9,"@type":58},"Person",{"url":42,"name":60,"@type":61},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-08-04","2026-07-30",true,{"@type":67,"interactionType":68,"userInteractionCount":20},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":69},"ViewAction",{"@type":71,"mainEntity":72},"FAQPage",[73,79,83],{"name":74,"@type":75,"acceptedAnswer":76},"What enables rotational superradiance in this work without mechanical rotation?","Question",{"text":77,"@type":78},"Floquet-induced rotation is realized using purely spatiotemporal modulation of a space–time crystal, avoiding the extreme speeds required by mechanically rotating systems.","Answer",{"name":80,"@type":75,"acceptedAnswer":81},"How do angular-momentum bandgaps arise in the Floquet framework?",{"text":82,"@type":78},"When the system effectively spins at superluminal speeds, angular-momentum bandgaps emerge in the band structure of the underlying space–time crystal.",{"name":84,"@type":75,"acceptedAnswer":85},"What role do parametric and non-Hermitian dynamics play experimentally?",{"text":86,"@type":78},"In the ring network of time-modulated resonators, the effect is mediated by non-Hermitian and parametric processes that produce angular-momentum-selective amplification within a dissipation-shaped spectral bandwidth.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":53,"og:type":89,"og:title":13,"og:site_name":60,"og:description":14},"article",{"robots":91,"canonical":53},"index,follow",{"doc_id":7,"site_id":25},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":94},[95,99,103,107,112,117,121,124,129,132,136],{"id":21,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":96,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":98},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":48,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":100,"show_sort_weight":101,"slug":102},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":54,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":104,"show_sort_weight":105,"slug":106},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":108,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":109,"show_sort_weight":110,"slug":111},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":113,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":114,"show_sort_weight":115,"slug":116},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":20,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":118,"show_sort_weight":119,"slug":120},"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":11,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":12,"show_sort_weight":122,"slug":123},30,"research-report",{"id":125,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":126,"show_sort_weight":127,"slug":128},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":127,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":130,"show_sort_weight":127,"slug":131},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":133,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":134,"show_sort_weight":133,"slug":135},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":137,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":47,"category_name":138,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":139},19,"General","general"]