[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-588936-105":59,"doc-detail-588936-en":130},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":123,"head_meta":125,"extra_data":127,"updated_unix":129},105,"en","numeracy-in-paramedicine-education-a-literature-review","Numeracy in paramedicine education: a literature review","","Paramedical science degree programs in Australian universities have expanded enrolments while also increasing the complexity of student learning expectations. A persistent challenge is students’ numeracy preparedness and how universities can best support numeracy development within paramedicine education. This paper reviews literature on paramedics’ numeracy and the mathematical skills required across curricula, examines university support programs and pedagogy, and proposes directions for improving numeracy teaching and future research.",{"@graph":69,"@context":122},[70,84,105],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/numeracy-in-paramedicine-education-a-literature-review/588936/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/numeracy-in-paramedicine-education-a-literature-review/588936.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Chumphorn","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-06","2026-10-15",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":44},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",{"@type":106,"mainEntity":107},"FAQPage",[108,114,118],{"name":109,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":111},"Why is numeracy preparedness a challenge in paramedicine education?","Question",{"text":112,"@type":113},"Universities report increased complexity in student learning expectations alongside growth in paramedical science enrolments, making numeracy readiness and support difficult to address effectively.","Answer",{"name":115,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":116},"What does the literature review examine?",{"text":117,"@type":113},"It investigates the literature on paramedics’ numeracy and the underlying mathematical skills needed for study programs, and reviews university support programs to judge whether they reflect effective pedagogy.",{"name":119,"@type":110,"acceptedAnswer":120},"How does the paramedicine context affect numeracy curriculum design?",{"text":121,"@type":113},"Paramedic practice includes rapid, time-critical decisions in dynamic pre-hospital settings, which creates unique pressures and limited resources, so curricula must recognize and respond to this context—especially where drug calculations require high accuracy.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":124,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":126,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":128,"site_id":62},588936,1792171522,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":131},{"doc_id":128,"user_id":132,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":133,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":134,"file_id":135,"file_url":136,"file_type":137,"file_size":138,"view_count":44,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":139,"language":140,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},2336475401981,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/avatar/22000c94efd8d5204d?x-image-process=image/resize,m_fixed,w_180,h_180&k=1786935347598174694","Numeracy in paramedicine education: a literature review  \nAndrew Bell  \nUniversity of Southern Queensland  \nIpswich Campus, Australia  \n\u003C[Andrew.Bell@usq.edu.au](Andrew.Bell@usq.edu.au)>  \nLinda Galligan  \nUniversity of Southern Queensland  \nToowoomba Campus, Australia  \n\u003C [Linda.Galligan@usq.edu.au](Linda.Galligan@usq.edu.au)>  \nJohn Latham  \nUniversity of Southern Queensland  \nIpswich Campus, Australia  \n\u003C [John.Latham@usq.edu.au](John.Latham@usq.edu.au)>  \nAbstract  \nThe introduction of paramedical science into universities has led to unprecedented enrolment numbers in Australian undergraduate paramedical science programs. At the same time however, there has been an associated increase in complexity of student learning expectations and requirements. One area of paramedical education that is proving challenging for universities is the numeracy preparedness of students and how to best support students in this area.  \nTo examine how universities may begin to address the current challenges related to improving the numeracy of paramedical science students, this paper investigates the literature on the numeracy of paramedics and the underlying mathematical skills required for their programs of study. It also reviews the support programs that are available at university and considers how much these are reflecting effective pedagogies. The aim of this review is to identify ways numeracy and numeracy teaching in paramedical science may be improved and highlight possible directions for future research in this area.  \nKey words: paramedicine; paramedicine education; clinical education; numeracy; curriculum.  \nIntroduction to paramedicine research  \nSince the turn of the century, paramedicine in Australia has gone through a professional transition. As is occurring in other Western nations, such as the UK, US and Canada, the education of paramedics, once administered through ‘in-house’ (adult) vocational training programs, is now administered by universities through specific paramedical science degree programs (Devenish, 2014; O'Meara, Maguire, Jennings, & Simpson, 2015; Thompson, Grantham, & Houston, 2015) . This educational transition has also invariably influenced the scrutiny of what has now become a ‘professional practice’, with the concomitant development of a specific research agenda arising to examine the practices of the profession and guide the development of education programs that address both contemporary university student needs and contemporary community health issues.  \nAs paramedical education has moved into the realm of universities, the curricula have been evolving to ensure academic rigour while at the same time seeking to meet a distinct set of industry practice needs. This includes accurate use of numeracy skills particularly in the area of drug calculations, where accuracy of 100% is the industry expectation. Tertiary education providers have, for example, in recent years increased the depth, breadth and consistency of curricula, with delivery  \nby subject experts who have training in education and applied clinical health (Thompson et al., 2015) . Indeed, the introduction of paramedical science into universities and the ongoing development of curricula to address contemporary health and education needs has led to unprecedented enrolment numbers in Australian undergraduate paramedical science programs (Thompson et al., 2015) . Recent research suggests that the commencing paramedical science student population is dominated by young adults under 25 years of age, with a high proportion of dual qualified students, whether studying concurrently with nursing or those who have qualifications from previous tertiary studies (Hallam et al., 2016; Laing, Devenish, Lim, & Tippett, 2014; O'Meara, Williams, Dicker, & Hickson, 2014; Williams et al., 2013; Williams, Fielder, Strong, Acker, & Thompson, 2015) . The authors have also observed that there is also a smaller population of students that are returning to study as mature ag","cbCaifBhwsEt1tvL","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaifBhwsEt1tvL","pdf",165069,13,"English","# Abstract\n# Introduction to paramedicine research\n## Curriculum evolution and numeracy expectations\n## Student demographics and learning complexity\n## Math-related curriculum design and pre-hospital context","[{\"question\":\"Why is numeracy preparedness a challenge in paramedicine education?\",\"answer\":\"Universities report increased complexity in student learning expectations alongside growth in paramedical science enrolments, making numeracy readiness and support difficult to address effectively.\"},{\"question\":\"What does the literature review examine?\",\"answer\":\"It investigates the literature on paramedics’ numeracy and the underlying mathematical skills needed for study programs, and reviews university support programs to judge whether they reflect effective pedagogy.\"},{\"question\":\"How does the paramedicine context affect numeracy curriculum design?\",\"answer\":\"Paramedic practice includes rapid, time-critical decisions in dynamic pre-hospital settings, which creates unique pressures and limited resources, so curricula must recognize and respond to this context—especially where drug calculations require high accuracy.\"}]","Numeracy in paramedicine education: a literature review | PDF",1792066226,33]