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Findings – NOx contributions link airports to local air pollution and cruise-altitude climate impacts, with regression performance strongly improved using combustor-specific models.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/","Research & Report",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/nox-emissions-of-the-50-most-used-engines-for-passenger-aircraft/296308/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/nox-emissions-of-the-50-most-used-engines-for-passenger-aircraft/296308.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Rizky","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-11-09","2026-09-18",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",16,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"What is the main purpose of the study?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"To develop regression models that estimate NOx emissions from the 50 most used commercial jet aircraft engines using engine parameters.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"How are the engine families and emissions data determined?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"Engine families are selected using the World Airliner Census 2020 and aircraft delivery data, while NOx emissions are obtained from the ICAO Engine Emissions Databank (EEDB).",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"Why do combustor-specific models improve prediction accuracy?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"Combustor technology affects NOx behavior, so models tailored to specific combustor subgroups significantly outperform a single combined model (e.g., much higher R² and lower MAPE).","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},296308,1789730828,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,111,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":108,"show_sort_weight":109,"slug":110},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":112,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":112,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":80,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962085564807,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Project  \nNOx Emissions of the 50 Most Used Engines for Passenger Aircraft  \nAuthor: Ahmed Hasanovic, Muhammed Ali Sarikaya  \nSupervisor: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dieter Scholz, MSME  \nSubmitted: 2025-06-13  \nFaculty of Engineering and Computer Science  \nDepartment of Automotive and Aeronautical Engineering  \nDOI:  \n[https://doi.org/10.15488/xxxxx](https://doi.org/10.15488/xxxxx)  \nURN:  \n[https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18302-aero2025-06-13.01](https://nbn-resolving.org/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18302-aero2025-06-13.01)  \nAssociated URLs:  \n[https://nbn-resolving.org/html/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18302-aero2025-06-13.01](https://nbn-resolving.org/html/urn:nbn:de:gbv:18302-aero2025-06-13.01)  \n© This work is protected by copyright.  \nThe work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License: CC BY-NC-SA  \n[https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0](https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0)  \nAny further request may be directed to: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Dieter Scholz, MSMEE-Mail see: [http://www.ProfScholz.de](http://www.ProfScholz.de)  \n[This work is part of:](This work is part of:)  \nDigital Library – Projects & Theses – Prof. Dr. Scholz  \n[http://library.ProfScholz.de](http://library.ProfScholz.de)  \nPublished by  \nAircraft Design and Systems Group (AERO) Department of Automotive and Aeronautical Engineering Hamburg University of Applied Science  \nThis report is deposited and archived:  \n• Deutsche Nationalbibliothek ([https://www.dnb.de](https://www.dnb.de))  \n• Repository of Leibniz University Hannover ([https://www.repo.uni-hannover.de](https://www.repo.uni-hannover.de))  \n• Internet Archive ([https://archive.org](https://archive.org)),  \nItem: [https://archive.org/details/TextHasanovicSarikaya.pdf](https://archive.org/details/TextHasanovicSarikaya.pdf)  \nThis report has associated data published in Harvard Dataverse: [https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/4KYGVU](https://doi.org/10.7910/DVN/4KYGVU)  \nAbstract  \nPurpose – This study investigates NOx emissions from the 50 most used commercial jet aircraft engines. The primary aim is to derive regression models to estimate NOx emissions based on engine parameters.  \nMethodology – The analysis begins by determining the 50 most used engine families in passenger aviation, based on the World Airliner Census 2020 and aircraft delivery data from the major commercial aircraft manufacturers. NOx emissions were obtained using the ICAO Engine Emissions Databank (EEDB). Emissions were analyzed for different flight phases from the ICAO Landing and Take-Off (LTO) Cycle (taxi, take-off, climb, and approach) and for cruise. For the cruise phase NOx emissions were calculated a) with the Boeing Fuel Flow Method 2 (BFFM2) based on LTO NOx and cruise fuel flow and b) with a method developed by the German Aerospace Center (DLR) . Non-linear regression analysis was applied to estimate NOx emissions based on one or two selected engine parameters. Separate models were developed for the full dataset and for 13 specific combustor technology subgroups.  \nFindings – NOx emissions from aircraft contribute to local air pollution near airports and to global warming at cruise altitude. Legal limits for NOx emissions are defined for the total LTO emissions per thrust as a function of Overall Pressure Ratio (OPR), with stricter standards introduced since 2004. The 50 selected engine families represent around 95 % of the global commercial jet fleet. NOx emissions from the BFFM2 and the DLR method agree well (R² = 0.99) . The most predictive engine parameters are OPR, thrust and fuel flow, while Bypass Ratio (BPR) has limited influence. Engine design is a trade-off. Low fuel burn requires higher OPR, which increases NOx emissions. Some combustors can reduce NOx but may lead to more soot emissions, causing denser contrails with more global warming potential. Combustor-specific regression significantly improves prediction accuracy. A model incorporating all combustor types yields a","cbCaid2fu8nhErfb","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaid2fu8nhErfb","pdf",7863888,98,"English","# Abstract\n## Purpose\n## Methodology\n## Findings\n## Research limitations\n## Practical implications\n## Social implications\n## Originality","[{\"question\":\"What is the main purpose of the study?\",\"answer\":\"To develop regression models that estimate NOx emissions from the 50 most used commercial jet aircraft engines using engine parameters.\"},{\"question\":\"How are the engine families and emissions data determined?\",\"answer\":\"Engine families are selected using the World Airliner Census 2020 and aircraft delivery data, while NOx emissions are obtained from the ICAO Engine Emissions Databank (EEDB).\"},{\"question\":\"Why do combustor-specific models improve prediction accuracy?\",\"answer\":\"Combustor technology affects NOx behavior, so models tailored to specific combustor subgroups significantly outperform a single combined model (e.g., much higher R² and lower MAPE).\"}]","NOx Emissions of the 50 Most Used Engines for Passenger Aircraft | PDF",247]