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Beyond established surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, the field is advancing through immunotherapy, targeted medicines such as kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies, and precision medicine guided by genomics and molecular profiling. 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Despite the importance of tried-and-true cancer treatments like surgery, radiation, and chemotherapy, the disease continues to evolve and adapt, making new, more potent methods necessary. The field of cancer therapy is currently witnessing the emergence of a wide range of innovative approaches. Immunotherapy, including checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T cell treatment, and cancer vaccines, utilizes the host’s immune system to selectively target and eradicate malignant cells while minimizing harm to normal tissue. The development of targeted medicines like kinase inhibitors and monoclonal antibodies has allowed for more targeted and less harmful approaches to treating cancer. With the help of genomics and molecular profiling,“precision medicine” customizes therapies to each patient’s unique genetic makeup to maximize therapeutic efficacy while minimizing unwanted side effects. Epigenetic therapies, metabolic interventions, radio-pharmaceuticals, and an increasing emphasis on combination therapy with synergistic effects further broaden the therapeutic landscape. Multiple-stage clinical trials are essential for determining the safety and efficacy of these novel drugs, allowing patients to gain access to novel treatments while also furthering scientific understanding. The future of cancer therapy is rife with promise, as the integration of artificial intelligence and big data has the potential to revolutionize early detection and prevention. Collaboration among researchers, and healthcare providers, and the active involvement of patients remain the bedrock of the ongoing battle against cancer. In conclusion, the dynamic and evolving landscape of cancer therapy provides hope for improved treatment outcomes, emphasizing a patient-centered, data-driven, and ethically grounded approach as we collectively strive towards a cancer-free world.  \nKeywords Cancer · Cancer therapy · Checkpoint inhibitor · Kinase inhibitor · CAR-T cell therapy · Cancer vaccines · Epigenetic therapies  \n* Deepak Chandra Joshi, [Deepakjoshi024@gmail.com](Deepakjoshi024@gmail.com); * Madhu Gupta, [madhugupta98@gmail.com |](madhugupta98@gmail.com |1Department of Pharmacy)[1](madhugupta98@gmail.com |1Department of Pharmacy)[Department of Pharmacy](madhugupta98@gmail.com |1Department of Pharmacy), School of Chemical Sciences and Pharmacy, Central University of Rajasthan, Bandar Sindri, Dist., Ajmer, Rajasthan, India. 2Invertis Institute of Pharmacy, Invertis University Bareilly Uttar Pradesh, Bareilly, India. 3Chandigarh University, Ludhiana-Chandigarh State Highway, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab 140413, India. 4Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Lucknow, Lucknow, India. 5Himalayan Institute of Pharmacy, Road, Near Suketi Fossil Park, Kala Amb, Hamidpur, Himachal Pradesh, India. 6Meerut Institute of Technology, Meerut, Uttar Pradesh, India. 7Department of Bio-Sciences & Technology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, India. 8Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, India.  \nDiscover Oncology  \n(2024) 15:342  \n| [https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-024-01](https://doi.org/10.1007/s12672-024-01)195-7  \n1 Introduction  \nCancer is a major widespread public health problem, causing a lot of deaths. Among the most prevalent kinds","cbCaiitCtQmTYWS8","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaiitCtQmTYWS8","pdf",1748369,"English","# Introduction\n## Current state of cancer therapy\n## Need for innovative therapeutic agents","[{\"question\":\"Why are novel therapeutic agents needed in cancer therapy?\",\"answer\":\"Conventional treatments may be limited in effectiveness, can cause undesirable side effects, and are not always specifically targeted to cancer cells. Cancer also continues to evolve and adapt, creating ongoing therapeutic needs.\"},{\"question\":\"How does immunotherapy improve cancer treatment outcomes?\",\"answer\":\"Immunotherapy uses the host immune system to selectively target and eradicate malignant cells while minimizing harm to normal tissue. Examples mentioned include checkpoint inhibitors, CAR-T cell treatment, and cancer vaccines.\"},{\"question\":\"What role do genomics and molecular profiling play in precision medicine?\",\"answer\":\"Genomics and molecular profiling enable “precision medicine” by customizing therapies to each patient’s unique genetic makeup. This aims to maximize therapeutic efficacy while minimizing unwanted side effects.\"}]","Novel therapeutic agents in clinical trials: emerging approaches in cancer therapy | PDF",1790021634,101]