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This pictorial essay documents physiological FDG uptake variants in female pelvic organs and bowel structures, then details benign conditions that can show FDG activity and imitate malignancy. It also demonstrates FDG-avid post-treatment changes and infectious or inflammatory lesions that complicate interpretation.",{"@graph":14,"@context":73},[15,34,56],{"@type":16,"itemListElement":17},"BreadcrumbList",[18,23,27,31],{"item":19,"name":20,"@type":21,"position":22},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",1,{"item":24,"name":25,"@type":21,"position":26},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/","Document",2,{"item":28,"name":29,"@type":21,"position":30},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/healthcare/","Healthcare",3,{"item":32,"name":10,"@type":21,"position":33},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/normal-physiological-variants-and-benign-conditions-in-pelvic-oncologic-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron-emission-tomographymagnetic-resonance-imaging-pictorial-essay/434684/",4,{"url":32,"name":10,"@type":35,"image":36,"author":41,"headline":10,"publisher":44,"fileFormat":47,"inLanguage":8,"description":12,"dateModified":48,"datePublished":49,"encodingFormat":47,"isAccessibleForFree":50,"interactionStatistic":51},"DigitalDocument",{"url":37,"@type":38,"width":39,"height":40},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/normal-physiological-variants-and-benign-conditions-in-pelvic-oncologic-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron-emission-tomographymagnetic-resonance-imaging-pictorial-essay/434684.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":42,"@type":43},"Bintang","Person",{"url":19,"name":45,"@type":46},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-29",true,{"@type":52,"interactionType":53,"userInteractionCount":55},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":54},"ViewAction",12,{"@type":57,"mainEntity":58},"FAQPage",[59,65,69],{"name":60,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":62},"Why can pelvic FDG PET/MRI be difficult to interpret?","Question",{"text":63,"@type":64},"Physiological uptake patterns and benign conditions can mimic malignant pathology, creating false-positive interpretations during oncologic evaluation.","Answer",{"name":66,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":67},"Which physiological pelvic structures commonly show FDG uptake?",{"text":68,"@type":64},"FDG uptake is frequently observed in the uterine cavity, fallopian tubes, corpus luteum, colon, and the distal internal anal sphincter, particularly in premenopausal women.",{"name":70,"@type":61,"acceptedAnswer":71},"What benign conditions may show FDG uptake and resemble malignancy?",{"text":72,"@type":64},"The essay highlights benign mimickers such as uterine tumors, vaginal condyloma acuminatum, infected Bartholin cysts, osteitis pubis, perianal fistulas, and pelvic abscesses.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":32,"og:type":75,"og:title":10,"og:site_name":45,"og:description":12},"article",{"robots":77,"canonical":32},"index,follow",{"doc_id":79,"site_id":7},434684,1791092175,{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":83},"success",[84,88,92,96,101,106,110,115,120,123,127],{"id":22,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":85,"show_sort_weight":86,"slug":87},"Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":26,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":89,"show_sort_weight":90,"slug":91},"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":33,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":93,"show_sort_weight":94,"slug":95},"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":97,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":98,"show_sort_weight":99,"slug":100},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":102,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":103,"show_sort_weight":104,"slug":105},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":107,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":29,"show_sort_weight":108,"slug":109},7,40,"healthcare",{"id":111,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":112,"show_sort_weight":113,"slug":114},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":116,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":117,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":119},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":118,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":121,"show_sort_weight":118,"slug":122},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":124,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":125,"show_sort_weight":124,"slug":126},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":128,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":25,"category_name":129,"show_sort_weight":97,"slug":130},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":82,"data":132},{"doc_id":79,"user_id":133,"nickname":42,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":107,"category_name":29,"doc_title":10,"doc_description":12,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":55,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":22,"is_downloadable":22,"audit_status":22,"page_count":124,"language":140,"language_code":8,"site_id":7,"html_lang":8,"table_of_contents":141,"faqs":142,"seo_title":143,"seo_description":12,"update_tm":144,"read_time":145,"preview_page_count":4},962085564381,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_6f874abed73319feea01a86fa6f0fab8","Copyright @ 2026 Author(s) -[Available online at dirjournal.org](Available online at dirjournal.org). Content of this journal is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.  \nPICTORIAL ESSAY  \nNormal physiological variants and benign conditions in pelvic oncologic fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging  \n Ayşe Erden1  \n Diğdem Kuru Öz1  \n Nuriye Özlem Küçük2  \n1Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Radiology, Ankara, Türkiye  \n2Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ankara, Türkiye  \nCorresponding author: Ayşe Erden  \n[E-mail:](E-mail: ayse.erden@medicine.ankara.edu.tr)[ ayse.erden@medicine.ankara.edu.tr](E-mail: ayse.erden@medicine.ankara.edu.tr)  \nReceived 10 April 2025; revision requested 15 May 2025; last revision received 16 July 2025; accepted 27 July 2025.  \nEpub: 06.10.2025  \nPublication date: 02.01.2026  \nDOI: 10.4274/dir.2025.253390  \nABSTRACT  \nFluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an advanced hybrid imaging modality that holds substantial promise in oncologic imaging. FDG PET, a well-established molecular imaging technique, enables assessment of tumor glucose metabolism and is widely utilized for diagnosing and monitoring a range of malignancies; MRI offers superior soft tissue contrast, facilitating precise anatomical localization of PET findings. This pictorial essay presents a series of physiological FDG uptake variants observed in the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, colon, internal anal sphincter, pelvic musculature, and bone marrow. Additionally, it highlights benign conditions such as uterine tumors, vaginal condyloma acuminatum, and infected Bartholin cysts that may exhibit FDG uptake and potentially mimic malignancy. The essay also illustrates FDG-avid post-treatment changes and various infectious and inflammatory lesions such asosteitis pubis, perianal fistulas, and pelvic abscesses that may complicate oncologic interpretation.  \nKEYWORDS  \nBenign, bone marrow, bowel, fallopian tube, false positive results, inflammation, magnetic resonance imaging, ovary, positron emission tomography, radiation therapy, uterus  \nP  \nositron emission tomography (PET) combined with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) is a promising hybrid imaging tool for evaluating gynecologic and genitourinary malignancies. It has a potential pivotal role in staging, treat-  \nment planning, recurrence detection, and prognosis assessment. However, interpreting pelvic PET/MRI is often challenging due to physiological uptake patterns and benign mimickers that may resemble pathology. In this pictorial essay, we aim to illustrate incidental FDG uptake in various pelvic structures encountered during routine oncologic PET/MRI examinations.  \nNormal Physiological Variants  \nPhysiological uptake of FDG in the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries is a common finding on FDG PET/computed tomography (CT), particularly in premenopausal women, and may mimic pathological processes if not carefully interpreted.  \nPhysiological endometrial uptake  \nFDG uptake in the uterus varies with hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle, especially in premenopausal women. Increased endometrial FDG activity is commonly observed during the menstrual (Figure 1) and ovulatory phases and is considered physiological.1 This uptake likely reflects the peristaltic activity of the subendometrial myometrium, which facilitates menstrual blood expulsion.2  \nYou may cite this article as: Erden A, Kuru Öz D, Küçük NÖ. Normal physiological variants and benign conditions in pelvic oncologic fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging. Diagn Interv Radiol. 2026;32(1):81-90 .  \n81  \nIn postmenopausal women, endometrial FDG uptake is typically low. Any focal or intense uptake in this age group should prompt further investigation.1  \nPhysiologica","cbCaitsYAJMVuhVF","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaitsYAJMVuhVF","pdf",7725362,"English","# Main Points\n# Introduction\n# Normal Physiological Variants\n## Physiological endometrial uptake\n## Physiological uptake in fallopian tubes\n## Physiological ovarian uptake","[{\"question\":\"Why can pelvic FDG PET/MRI be difficult to interpret?\",\"answer\":\"Physiological uptake patterns and benign conditions can mimic malignant pathology, creating false-positive interpretations during oncologic evaluation.\"},{\"question\":\"Which physiological pelvic structures commonly show FDG uptake?\",\"answer\":\"FDG uptake is frequently observed in the uterine cavity, fallopian tubes, corpus luteum, colon, and the distal internal anal sphincter, particularly in premenopausal women.\"},{\"question\":\"What benign conditions may show FDG uptake and resemble malignancy?\",\"answer\":\"The essay highlights benign mimickers such as uterine tumors, vaginal condyloma acuminatum, infected Bartholin cysts, osteitis pubis, perianal fistulas, and pelvic abscesses.\"}]","Normal physiological variants and benign conditions in pelvic oncologic fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging - Pictorial Essay | PDF",1790670236,25]