[{"data":1,"prerenderedAt":-1},["ShallowReactive",2],{"detail-sidebar-cat-0-en-105":3,"doc-seo-326746-105":59,"doc-detail-326746-en":131},{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":6},0,"success",[7,13,18,23,28,33,38,43,48,51,55],{"id":8,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":10,"show_sort_weight":11,"slug":12},1,"Document","Story & Novel",90,"story-novel",{"id":14,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":15,"show_sort_weight":16,"slug":17},2,"Literature",80,"literature",{"id":19,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":20,"show_sort_weight":21,"slug":22},4,"Exam",70,"exam",{"id":24,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":25,"show_sort_weight":26,"slug":27},5,"Comic",60,"comic",{"id":29,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":30,"show_sort_weight":31,"slug":32},6,"Technology",50,"technology",{"id":34,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":35,"show_sort_weight":36,"slug":37},7,"Healthcare",40,"healthcare",{"id":39,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":40,"show_sort_weight":41,"slug":42},8,"Research & Report",30,"research-report",{"id":44,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":45,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":47},9,"Religion & Spirituality",20,"religion-spirituality",{"id":46,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":49,"show_sort_weight":46,"slug":50},"World Cup","world-cup",{"id":52,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":53,"show_sort_weight":52,"slug":54},10,"Lifestyle","lifestyle",{"id":56,"doc_module":4,"doc_module_name":9,"category_name":57,"show_sort_weight":24,"slug":58},19,"General","general",{"code":4,"msg":60,"data":61},"ok",{"site_id":62,"language":63,"slug":64,"title":65,"keywords":66,"description":67,"schema_data":68,"social_meta":124,"head_meta":126,"extra_data":128,"updated_unix":130},105,"en","nmr-quantum-information-processing-preface","NMR Quantum Information Processing - Preface","","Quantum Information Processing (QIP) focuses on identifying and using quantum resources for information tasks, spanning algorithm design, quantum simulation, and quantum communication including quantum cryptography. The preface explains QIP’s rapid growth in theory and experiment and highlights practical requirements for large-scale implementation: reliable qubits and complete universal gates plus scalability. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) meets the first two via nuclear spins and radiofrequency unitary control, supported by pseudo-pure states for liquid-state demonstrations, but faces a scalability limitation. The book outlines foundational NMR QIP and routes toward scalable quantum processors, covering approaches such as solid-state qubit arrays and MRFM to improve sensitivity.",{"@graph":69,"@context":123},[70,84,106],{"@type":71,"itemListElement":72},"BreadcrumbList",[73,77,79,82],{"item":74,"name":75,"@type":76,"position":8},"https://docshare.wps.com","Home","ListItem",{"item":78,"name":9,"@type":76,"position":14},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/",{"item":80,"name":40,"@type":76,"position":81},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/research-report/",3,{"item":83,"name":65,"@type":76,"position":19},"https://docshare.wps.com/document/nmr-quantum-information-processing-preface/326746/",{"url":83,"name":65,"@type":85,"image":86,"author":91,"headline":65,"publisher":94,"fileFormat":97,"inLanguage":63,"description":67,"dateModified":98,"datePublished":99,"encodingFormat":97,"isAccessibleForFree":100,"interactionStatistic":101},"DigitalDocument",{"url":87,"@type":88,"width":89,"height":90},"https://docshare.wps.com/thumbnails/nmr-quantum-information-processing-preface/326746.png","ImageObject",300,407,{"name":92,"@type":93},"Theodore","Person",{"url":74,"name":95,"@type":96},"DocShare","Organization","application/pdf","2026-10-29","2026-09-21",true,{"@type":102,"interactionType":103,"userInteractionCount":105},"InteractionCounter",{"@type":104},"ViewAction",11,{"@type":107,"mainEntity":108},"FAQPage",[109,115,119],{"name":110,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":112},"What does Quantum Computation and Quantum Information (QIP) focus on?","Question",{"text":113,"@type":114},"QIP concerns identifying and using quantum resources to process information, including quantum algorithm design, quantum simulation, and quantum communication such as quantum cryptography.","Answer",{"name":116,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":117},"Why does NMR satisfy key requirements for QIP?",{"text":118,"@type":114},"NMR is said to satisfy the need for a physical representation of the qubit (nuclear spins) and the ability to implement universal quantum logic gates using radiofrequency pulses.",{"name":120,"@type":111,"acceptedAnswer":121},"What is the main drawback of liquid-state NMR for QIP?",{"text":122,"@type":114},"The preface states that liquid-state NMR is not scalable, making it well-suited for studying QIP fundamentals but not for building large-scale quantum computers.","https://schema.org",{"og:url":83,"og:type":125,"og:title":65,"og:site_name":95,"og:description":67},"article",{"robots":127,"canonical":83},"index,follow",{"doc_id":129,"site_id":62},326746,1790471655,{"code":4,"msg":5,"data":132},{"doc_id":129,"user_id":133,"nickname":92,"user_avatar":134,"doc_module":4,"category_id":39,"category_name":40,"doc_title":65,"doc_description":67,"doc_content":135,"file_id":136,"file_url":137,"file_type":138,"file_size":139,"view_count":105,"is_deleted":4,"is_public":8,"is_downloadable":8,"audit_status":8,"page_count":140,"language":141,"language_code":63,"site_id":62,"html_lang":63,"table_of_contents":142,"faqs":143,"seo_title":144,"seo_description":67,"update_tm":145,"read_time":146,"preview_page_count":4},7971461740886,"https://ap-avatar.wpscdn.com/davatar_3d24733baf745e90a7e4bdd5f77d97b2","NMR Quantum Information Processing  \nThis page intentionally left blank  \nNMR Quantum Information Processing  \nIvan S. Oliveira  \nBrazilian Center for Research in Physics, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil  \nTito J. Bonagamba  \nInstitute of Physics of Sa¯o Carlos, University of Sa¯o Paulo, Sa¯o Carlos, Brazil  \nRoberto S. Sarthour  \nBrazilian Center for Research in Physics, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil  \nJair C.C. Freitas  \nFederal University of Espírito Santo, Vitória, Brazil  \nEduardo R. deAzevedo  \nInstitute of Physics of Sa¯o Carlos, University of Sa¯o Paulo, Sa¯o Carlos, Brazil  \nAMSTERDAM • BOSTON • HEIDELBERG • LONDON • NEW YORK • OXFORD PARIS • SAN DIEGO • SAN FRANCISCO • SINGAPORE • SYDNEY • TOKYO  \nElsevier  \nRadarweg 29, PO Box 211, 1000 AE Amsterdam, The Netherlands Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP, UK  \nFirst edition 2007  \nCopyright © 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved  \nNo part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the prior written permission of the publisher  \nPermissions may be sought directly from Elsevier’s Science & Technology Rights Department in Oxford, UK: phone (+44) (0) 1865 843830; fax (+44) (0) 1865 853333; email: permis[sions@elsevier.com. Alternatively you can](sions@elsevier.com. Alternatively you can) submit your request online by visiting the Elsevier website at [http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions](http://elsevier.com/locate/permissions), and selecting Obtaining permission to use Elsevier material  \nNotice  \nNo responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property asa matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use or operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. Because of rapid advances in the medical sciences, in particular, independent verification of diagnoses and drug dosages should be made  \nLibrary of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data  \nA catalog record for this book is available from the Library of Congress  \nBritish Library Cataloguing in Publication Data  \nA catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library  \nISBN: 978-0-444-52782-0  \nFor information on all Elsevier publications visit our website [at books.elsevier.com](at books.elsevier.com)  \nPrinted and bound in The Netherlands  \n07 08 09 10 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1  \nTo the people who give support to our lives  \nThis page intentionally left blank  \nPreface  \nQuantum Computation and Quantum Information (generally referred as QIP) deals with the identification and use of quantum resources for information processing. This includes three main branches of investigation: quantum algorithm design, quantum simulation and quantum communication, including quantum cryptography. Along the past few years, QIP has become one of the most active areas of research in both theoretical and experimental physics, attracting young students and researchers fascinated, not only by the potential practical applications of quantum computers, but also by the possibility of studying fundamental physics at the deepest level of quantum phenomena.  \nFrom a practical viewpoint, any experimental technique candidate to implement QIP in large scale, must satisfy the following basic demands: (i) to have a good physical representation for the quantum unit of information: the qubit; (ii) to be able to generate a complete set of universal quantum gates, and (iii) to be applicable to a scalable physical system. Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) perfectly satisfies the first two demands. Indeed, nuclear spins are nearly ideal qubits, and radiofrequency pulses correctly implement unitary transformations which can easily build a complete set of universal quantum logic gates. Since 1997, after the discovery of the so-called pseudo-pure states, every single quantum algorithm has been demonstrated by the use ","cbCaia2DZGm6cbQB","https://ap.wps.com/l/cbCaia2DZGm6cbQB","pdf",4751281,265,"English","# Preface\n## Quantum Computation and Quantum Information (QIP)\n## Practical requirements for large-scale QIP\n## NMR as a qubit implementation\n## Scalability limits and emerging alternatives","[{\"question\":\"What does Quantum Computation and Quantum Information (QIP) focus on?\",\"answer\":\"QIP concerns identifying and using quantum resources to process information, including quantum algorithm design, quantum simulation, and quantum communication such as quantum cryptography.\"},{\"question\":\"Why does NMR satisfy key requirements for QIP?\",\"answer\":\"NMR is said to satisfy the need for a physical representation of the qubit (nuclear spins) and the ability to implement universal quantum logic gates using radiofrequency pulses.\"},{\"question\":\"What is the main drawback of liquid-state NMR for QIP?\",\"answer\":\"The preface states that liquid-state NMR is not scalable, making it well-suited for studying QIP fundamentals but not for building large-scale quantum computers.\"}]","NMR Quantum Information Processing - Preface | PDF",1789975242,668]